scholarly journals Osteoarthritis Prevalence in Retired National Football League Players With a History of Ankle Injuries and Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170
Author(s):  
Kyeongtak Song ◽  
Erik A. Wikstrom ◽  
Joshua N. Tennant ◽  
Kevin M. Guskiewicz ◽  
Stephen W. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Football League ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
American Football ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Exposure Variable ◽  
History Of ◽  
Estimate Prevalence

Context Ankle injuries are common at all levels of American football, and retired National Football League (NFL) players have a high prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA), but little is known about how ankle injuries influence OA prevalence and daily activities in this population or how surgical interventions for such injuries alter the risk of OA. Objective To examine (1) the association of ankle-injury history with OA prevalence, (2) the association of surgical intervention after ankle injury with OA prevalence, and (3) the relationships among ankle injuries, reported OA, and daily activities in retired NFL players. Design Case-control study. Setting Survey. Patients or Other Participants Data from the Retired NFL Players General Health Survey. Main Outcome Measure(s) We created a 7-category main exposure variable that differentiated respondents by football-related ankle injury and surgical intervention. Multivariable binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Among those reporting OA, we examined the distribution of responses regarding whether OA affected daily activities. Results Among the 2446 respondents, 920 participants experienced OA in any joint during their lifetime. Compared with those reporting no ankle injuries, the prevalence of OA was higher among those with a history of ankle injury. Also, the prevalence of OA was higher among those who had undergone surgery versus those who had not. The number of retired NFL players who reported that OA often affected their daily activities increased with the number of ankle injuries. Conclusions Among former NFL players, a history of ankle injury increased the prevalence of OA. More ankle injuries increased the probability that OA negatively affected daily activities. Future prospective research is needed to better determine the influence of surgical intervention at the ankle or foot on OA.

Effect of Turf Toe on Foot Contact Pressures in Professional American Football Players

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Brophy ◽  
Seth C. Gamradt ◽  
Scott J. Ellis ◽  
Ronnie P. Barnes ◽  
Scott A. Rodeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Turf Toe ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contact Pressures

Background: The relationship between turf toe and plantar foot pressures has not been extensively studied. Two hypotheses were tested in a cohort of professional American football players: first, that a history of turf toe is associated with increased peak hallucal and first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) plantar pressures; second, that decreased range of motion (ROM) of the first MTP correlates with increased peak hallucal and first MTP plantar pressures. Materials and Methods: Forty-four athletes from one National Football League (NFL) team were screened for a history of turf toe during preseason training. Dorsal passive MTP ROM and dynamic plantar pressures were measured in both feet of each player. Anatomical masking was used to assess peak pressure at the first MTP and hallux. Results: First MTP dorsiflexion was significantly lower in halluces with a history of turf toe (40.6 ± 15.1 degrees versus 48.4 ± 12.8 degrees, p = 0.04). Peak hallucal pressures were higher in athletes with turf toe (535 ± 288 kPa versus 414 ± 202 kPa, p = 0.05) even after normalizing for athlete body mass index ( p = 0.0003). Peak MTP pressure was not significantly different between the two groups tested. First MTP dorsiflexion did not correlate with peak hallucal or first MTP pressures. Conclusion: This study showed that turf toe is associated with decreased MTP motion. In addition, increased peak hallucal pressures were found. Further study is warranted to determine whether these pressures correlate with the severity of symptoms or progression of turf toe to first MTP arthritis.

Monopoly and Rivalry in American Football in History and Nowadays

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 364-370
Author(s):  
Kh. Khimenes ◽  
◽  
Yu. Briskin ◽  
M. Pityn ◽  
I. Hluhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Football League ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Football ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Precautionary Measures

Professional sports leagues today are trying to increase their income and looking for new sources for this. In the United States, most leagues in one sport are monopoly structures. Considering the National Football League in this context, it is worth noting its rather strict policy towards possible competitors at the football market. At the same time, throughout the history of American football, there have been attempts to organize competing structures that have been more or less successful. The purpose of the study was to identify the features of the formation American football organizations in North America at different times, the factors of successes and failures. Material and methods. The main material on which the study was based was data from the Internet, official websites of American football organizations and official ratings of Forbes magazine. To achieve the stated purpose, we used the following research methods: data analysis and generalization; theoretical interpretation and explanation; analysis of documentary materials. Results and discussion. The study results showed that during the formation and development of American football in the United States, except for the National Football League, six other organizations tried to create competition for it at one time or another. Among them were All-American Football Conference, American Football League, World Football League, United State Football League, Xtreme Football League, and Alliance of American Football. All these organizations generally sought to be better than National Football League through more progressive steps towards the development of football, but the conservatism of the National Football League always allowed it to remain the winner. Most of the newly formed leagues could not withstand the uncompromising financial struggle for high-class athletes, but the XFL and AAF, which was created in the 21st century, were defeated by precautionary measures during the COVID-19 pandemic and the game seasons were canceled. Conclusion. The key factors formation of organizations that sought to develop American football in the United States (except the National Football League) were: the growing popularity of this sport; a large number of athletes, who aspired to develop in this sport, but could not do it in National Football League; the emergence of enthusiasts with significant financial resources, who sought to invest in football projects and at the same time increase their own resources; technological progress, in particular in football. However, none of these organizations stayed long in the football business and lost to the National Football League. The reasons for this were: improper distribution of financial resources in the middle of the leagues; unjustified steps in the desire to be more progressive than the National Football League; the dominant authority of the National Football League; external factors (wars, epidemics / pandemics, global economic and political crises, etc.)

scholarly journals Intestinal intussusception and occlusion caused by small bowel polyps in the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Management by combined intraoperative enteroscopy and resection through minimal enterostomy: case report

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim J. Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
José Hyppolito da Silva ◽  
Adilson A. Aisaka ◽  
Ricardo Jureidini ◽  
Renato Falci Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Secondary Complications ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peutz Jeghers Syndrome

The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a hereditary disease that requires frequent endoscopic and surgical intervention, leading to secondary complications such as short bowel syndrome. CASE REPORT: This paper reports on a 15-year-old male patient with a family history of the disease, who underwent surgery for treatment of an intestinal occlusion due to a small intestine intussusception. DISCUSSION: An intra-operative fiberscopic procedure was included for the detection and treatment of numerous polyps distributed along the small intestine. Enterotomy was performed to treat only the larger polyps, therefore limiting the intestinal resection to smaller segments. The postoperative follow-up was uneventful. CONCLUSION: We point out the importance of conservative treatment for patients with this syndrome, especially those who will undergo repeated surgical interventions because of clinical manifestation while they are still young.

scholarly journals Comparison of Motion Control Screening Test Scores in Active Women with a History of Knee and Ankle Injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Maryam Golmoradi Marani ◽  
◽  
Amir Letafatkar ◽  
Seyed Sadredin Shojaedin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Movement Screening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Levene Test ◽  
Functional Movement Screening

Objective: Commenting on the return to sport after some injury is in doubt. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between test scores of movement control and a history of knee and ankle injury in active females. Methods: Statistical population of this study was 57 active females (22 healthy subjects, 19 subjects with a history of previous knee injury and 16 subjects with a history of previous ankle injury) with age ranging from 18 to 25 years old. In order to evaluate subjects, were used to the movement control test set consists of nine separate questions. Total maximum points in the subtests were 40 points, which less point was a better result in these tests. For statistical analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used (Significant at 95% and the alpha less than or equal 0.05, and using of the SPSS software v. 22). Results: The results of this study showed test scores of movement control earned by females with a history of ankle and knee injuries was significantly different with the healthy females (P=0.001).Compare scores of subjects with contact and non-contact injuries with healthy women showed that contact injury had higher scores than those who are non-contact injuries. The differences between the groups with any of these injuries are significant with no injury group (P=0.001).Cut-off point for this test was about 15.5. Conclusion: The scores of functional movement screening give a detailed model of the injury prevention to coaches in order to predict the risk of lower extremity injuries in athletes. So its need to coaches in order to the prevention of sports injuries, use the functional movement screening tests. To measure the performance level of the athletes before the start of the season, in order to identified athletes that are at risk of injury, in order to improve their capabilities.

Brain Injuries in American Football: Understanding the Injury, Difficulty in Helmet Optimization, and Current Communication Practices – A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Kali M. Sebastian ◽  
Reuben F. Burch V ◽  
Preston “Stick” Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Past Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Football ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The Brain

Background: Over 2.7 million people suffer traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) annually in the United States. TBI involves the application and generation of external forces and impulse loads respectively to the head whereby the brain moves relative to the skull. Despite numerous studies, further understanding of TBIs is necessary, requiring consistent attention. Objective: The purpose of this article is to investigate the history of American football helmets and provide an academic and practitioner review as it relates to TBIs. This study is a literature review that also considers perspectives from an autoethnographic frame. Method: An extensive literature review was performed to assess the history of TBI as it relates to American football. This article evaluates helmet design optimization and American football safety as well as an exploration into the sports’ education methods for players and staff alike. Results: Despite developing helmet designs that can better attenuate impact forces, reducing linear and rotational movement, the skull and brain move very differently relative to one another. Helmet designs and tools for measuring forces require further validation techniques to determine resultant forces and movement for the brain. Current biomechanics research lacks sufficient methodology for defining TBI thresholds, making helmet optimization difficult. Conclusion: According to past research, no helmet can eliminate all TBI risk; however, processes are in place lead by the National Football League (NFL) and NFL Players Association to educate players, coaches, and staff at all levels of competition of the protective capabilities of available helmet options.

scholarly journals The Lauge-Hansen Classification for Ankle Fractures: Is it Relevant in 2017?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Sharma ◽  
Nikhil Mehta ◽  
Mandeep S Dhillon, ◽  
Lokesh Kumar,
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Important Landmark ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deforming Forces

ABSTRACT Despite being one of the commonest fractures, classifications of ankle injuries are still debated, with modern surgeons decrying the use of the so-called antiquated system based on injury mechanisms. Despite glaring lacunae, especially with lack of reproducibility using modern methods, and an understanding that many fractures which we now see routinely may not fit into this classification, the Lauge-Hansen classification is still worth preserving. It clarifies some, if not most deforming forces, allows us to understand the ankle injury in a three-dimensional concept, both on the medial and lateral sides, and allows an understanding of reduction methods. The limitations in its use are the lack of prognostication ability, the fact that most reductions are now done open, and the recognition of some transitional and posterior malleolar injuries unclassifiable by it. Not being alphanumeric is another disadvantage in the computer age. Nevertheless, it is an important landmark in the history of orthopedics, and in the development of our understanding of ankle fractures. Even in 2017, it is too important a piece of work to be discarded, and modern orthopedic students are encouraged to gain an understanding of this classification system, and to combine it with the newer ones to get an overall picture of the ankle injury. How to cite this article Dhillon MS, Kumar L, Sharma S, Mehta N. The Lauge-Hansen Classification for Ankle Fractures: Is it Relevant in 2017? J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(2):53-56.

scholarly journals PREGNANCY WITH UTERINE MYOMA AND AFTER MYOMECTOMY: RESULTS OF THE COHORT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Elena V. Timokhina ◽  
E. V Gubanova ◽  
T. M Silayeva
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Uterine Myoma ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Fetal Position ◽  
Group 1

Objective - to identify risk factors, complications, and pregnancy outcomes in patients with uterine fibroid (myoma) and after myomectomy. Material and methods. Investigated 100 pregnancy and delivery stories, where 1st group consists of 40 patients with uterine myoma from 3 to 12 cm, 2nd group - 30 patients with a history of myomectomy, 3rd group - control of 30 patients. Results. The average age of patients from group 1 is 34.9 years, group 2 - 35.7 years. Both in group 1 and group 2 there is a large percentage of surgical interventions on the uterus: a history of abortion (35%/20%) and miscarriage (15%/36.6%). Significant sizes of fibroids contribute to incorrect fetal position - breech presentation (17.5%/3.3%), transverse (2.5%), oblique (2.5%). The presence of fibroids is associated with certain complications: the growth of the placenta in the myomatous node (5%), disorder of blood supplying and ischemic changes of the nodes during pregnancy (2.5%), late postpartum hemorrhage (2.5%), fetal distress (12.5%). Surgical delivery by Cesarean section (85%) is the method of choice for uterine myoma, based on a combination of another relative indications. Caesarean section in such patients is associated with an increase in the volume of surgical intervention, in the form of conservative myomectomy according to indications (58.8%), which may be a factor in pathological blood loss (2.5%). Pregnancy and delivery after myomectomy is accompanied by the occurrence of specific complications: scar failure after myomectomy, the threatening of uterine rupture in the scar (6.7%), adhesions in the pelvis III-IV degrees (16.7%).

scholarly journals Prevalence and Impact of Hip Arthroscopic Surgery on Future Participation in Elite American Football Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 232596711775230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick M. Knapik ◽  
Joe Sheehan ◽  
Shane J. Nho ◽  
James E. Voos ◽  
Michael J. Salata
Keyword(s):  
National Football League ◽  
Arthroscopic Surgery ◽  
American Football ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
The Impact

Background: Intra-articular injuries to the hip in elite athletes represent a source of significant pain and disability. Hip arthroscopic surgery has become the gold standard for the treatment of disorders involving the hip joint. Purpose: To examine the incidence of and abnormalities treated with hip arthroscopic surgery as well as the impact on future participation in American football athletes invited to the National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine with a history of hip arthroscopic surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Athletes invited to the NFL Combine from 2012 to 2015 were evaluated for a history of hip arthroscopic surgery. Athlete demographics, imaging findings, and physical examination results were gathered using the NFL Combine database. Information on prospective participation in the NFL with regard to draft status, games played, games started, and current status was gathered using publicly available databases and compared against all other athletes participating in the combine. Results: Fourteen athletes (15 hips) had a history of arthroscopic hip surgery. Acetabular labral tears were treated in 93% (14 hips), with femoroacetabular impingement decompression performed in 33% (5 hips). Compared with athletes who had no history of hip arthroscopic surgery, those undergoing arthroscopic surgery did not possess a lower likelihood of being drafted (66% vs 71%, respectively; P = .78) or of being on an active roster (52% vs 43%, respectively; P = .44) after their first season in the NFL. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the number of regular-season games played (10.9 ± 4.8 with arthroscopic surgery vs 11.0 ± 5.1 without; P = .96) or started (7.0 ± 3.6 with arthroscopic surgery vs 7.1 ± 5.3 without; P = .98). Conclusion: American football athletes invited to the NFL Combine with a history of hip arthroscopic surgery were not at risk for diminished participation when compared with all other athletes during their first season in the NFL.

scholarly journals Recurrent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears in the National Football League: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 232596711989141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey R. Stuhlman ◽  
Christopher J. Owens ◽  
Eric M. Samuelson ◽  
Ryan P. Vermillion ◽  
Mark D. Shermansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
American Football ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Control Cohort ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in American football players. The risk of subsequent ACL reinjury to either the ipsilateral or the contralateral knee in National Football League (NFL) draftees with a history of successful ACL reconstruction before entering the NFL remains unknown. Hypothesis: NFL athletes with a history of successful ACL reconstruction before being drafted will likely demonstrate increased risk of subsequent ACL injury when compared with a control cohort consisting of players of similar positions and draft class. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Detailed orthopaedic evaluations of NFL Combine participants from 2006 to 2012 were obtained to identify players entering the NFL draft with a history of successful ACL reconstruction. A control cohort was created in a 2:1 ratio, consisting of players matched by position and draft class. Results: Of the 2016 players invited to the NFL Combine during the study period, 100 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 26 subsequent ACL reinjuries (12 ipsilateral, 14 contralateral) occurred in 25 players (25%) while playing in the NFL, with injuries occurring at a mean of 22.1 months after the NFL draft. In comparison, 18 of the 200 (9%) carefully matched cohort players without history of prior ACL injury sustained a new ACL injury during this time period ( P < .001). Conclusion: NFL athletes with a history of successful ACL reconstruction before being drafted into the NFL have a significantly higher rate of subsequent ACL reinjury while playing in the NFL when compared with a carefully matched cohort of players without a history of prior ACL injury.

Otitis media with effusion in children and its association with deformity of the vomero-ethmoid suture

1983 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. McNicoll
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractFifty children aged between five and eight years of age who have had proven otitis media with effusion have been retrospectively assessed. Twenty-five children who had attended the Casualty Department with head injuries, who have had X-radiography of their skulls as part of their investigation, acted as controls. All the children in this group were selected because they had no otological history.The 50 Children comprising the retrospective survey were split into two groups: Group 1, with recurrent secretory otitis media requiring surgical intervention on more than three occasions; Group 2, comprising 25 children who had had up to three surgical interventions.All the children had PA X-radiography of their skulls in order to demonstrate the bony nasal septum. In Group 1, a septal deformity was found to be sited at the middle third of the bony septum at the vomero-ethmoid suture. In Group 2, the deformity was found to involve the whole of the middle third of the bony septum, plus portions of the upper and lower thirds of the bony septum.In the control group, in whom there was no history of otological disease, there was no deformity sited at the middle third of the bony septum.

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