scholarly journals The Lauge-Hansen Classification for Ankle Fractures: Is it Relevant in 2017?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Sharma ◽  
Nikhil Mehta ◽  
Mandeep S Dhillon, ◽  
Lokesh Kumar,
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Important Landmark ◽  
History Of ◽  
Deforming Forces

ABSTRACT Despite being one of the commonest fractures, classifications of ankle injuries are still debated, with modern surgeons decrying the use of the so-called antiquated system based on injury mechanisms. Despite glaring lacunae, especially with lack of reproducibility using modern methods, and an understanding that many fractures which we now see routinely may not fit into this classification, the Lauge-Hansen classification is still worth preserving. It clarifies some, if not most deforming forces, allows us to understand the ankle injury in a three-dimensional concept, both on the medial and lateral sides, and allows an understanding of reduction methods. The limitations in its use are the lack of prognostication ability, the fact that most reductions are now done open, and the recognition of some transitional and posterior malleolar injuries unclassifiable by it. Not being alphanumeric is another disadvantage in the computer age. Nevertheless, it is an important landmark in the history of orthopedics, and in the development of our understanding of ankle fractures. Even in 2017, it is too important a piece of work to be discarded, and modern orthopedic students are encouraged to gain an understanding of this classification system, and to combine it with the newer ones to get an overall picture of the ankle injury. How to cite this article Dhillon MS, Kumar L, Sharma S, Mehta N. The Lauge-Hansen Classification for Ankle Fractures: Is it Relevant in 2017? J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(2):53-56.

scholarly journals Osteoarthritis Prevalence in Retired National Football League Players With a History of Ankle Injuries and Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170
Author(s):  
Kyeongtak Song ◽  
Erik A. Wikstrom ◽  
Joshua N. Tennant ◽  
Kevin M. Guskiewicz ◽  
Stephen W. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Football League ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
American Football ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Exposure Variable ◽  
History Of ◽  
Estimate Prevalence

Context Ankle injuries are common at all levels of American football, and retired National Football League (NFL) players have a high prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA), but little is known about how ankle injuries influence OA prevalence and daily activities in this population or how surgical interventions for such injuries alter the risk of OA. Objective To examine (1) the association of ankle-injury history with OA prevalence, (2) the association of surgical intervention after ankle injury with OA prevalence, and (3) the relationships among ankle injuries, reported OA, and daily activities in retired NFL players. Design Case-control study. Setting Survey. Patients or Other Participants Data from the Retired NFL Players General Health Survey. Main Outcome Measure(s) We created a 7-category main exposure variable that differentiated respondents by football-related ankle injury and surgical intervention. Multivariable binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Among those reporting OA, we examined the distribution of responses regarding whether OA affected daily activities. Results Among the 2446 respondents, 920 participants experienced OA in any joint during their lifetime. Compared with those reporting no ankle injuries, the prevalence of OA was higher among those with a history of ankle injury. Also, the prevalence of OA was higher among those who had undergone surgery versus those who had not. The number of retired NFL players who reported that OA often affected their daily activities increased with the number of ankle injuries. Conclusions Among former NFL players, a history of ankle injury increased the prevalence of OA. More ankle injuries increased the probability that OA negatively affected daily activities. Future prospective research is needed to better determine the influence of surgical intervention at the ankle or foot on OA.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF INJURIES IN ELITE SOCCER PLAYERS WITH REGARD TO ANKLE INJURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 083
Author(s):  
Tawfiq Hassan Abdolkarim Alhdad ◽  
Predrag Gavrilović ◽  
Dragan Životić
Keyword(s):  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

The main aim of the current research is to determine the differences and correlations of sport seasons and economic statistics between the highest paid soccer players in the world, with an ankle injury in addition to other injuries and without an ankle injury. By comparing highest paid soccer players in the world (N=95), i.e., a sub-sample of players with an ankle injury (N=44), and a sub-sample of players without an ankle injury (N=51), it is possible to conclude that significant differences were not found in the variables of age, market value, the number of matches completed, the number of goals scored and the number of assists, as well as in the derived variables of the value of one player's day and the value of one match. In the basic variables the number of days missed due to injuries (222.61±165.61 vs 124.98±110.59), the number of seasons with injuries (5.68±2.23 vs 4.53±2.73) and the number of matches missed due to injuries (35.32±28.07 vs 20.12±19.2), as well as in the derived variables of number of days missed due to injuries per year (40.4±29.33 vs 27.16±18.18), number of games missed due to injuries per year (6.23±3.83 vs 4.32±3.21), value of days missed due to injuries (£7,627±£5,898 vs £5,070±£3,634) and the value of matches missed due to injuries (£13,134±£12,461 vs £9,276±£9,158), statistically significant differences were determined. All determined values were higher in the sub-sample of players who, in addition to other injuries, suffered from an ankle injury as well. In the multivariate exploration of the structure of the basic research variables, the results obtained indicate a latent space that had an interpretable three-dimensional structure. The structure of the space indicated a functionally independent relationship between the frequency and intensity of injury, on the one hand, and the chronological age, the value of the transfer and the player's efficacy on the other. It can be concluded that sports injuries, and ankle injuries especially in elite soccer players, have significant economic reprisals.

scholarly journals Comparison of Motion Control Screening Test Scores in Active Women with a History of Knee and Ankle Injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Maryam Golmoradi Marani ◽  
◽  
Amir Letafatkar ◽  
Seyed Sadredin Shojaedin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Movement Screening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Levene Test ◽  
Functional Movement Screening

Objective: Commenting on the return to sport after some injury is in doubt. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between test scores of movement control and a history of knee and ankle injury in active females. Methods: Statistical population of this study was 57 active females (22 healthy subjects, 19 subjects with a history of previous knee injury and 16 subjects with a history of previous ankle injury) with age ranging from 18 to 25 years old. In order to evaluate subjects, were used to the movement control test set consists of nine separate questions. Total maximum points in the subtests were 40 points, which less point was a better result in these tests. For statistical analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used (Significant at 95% and the alpha less than or equal 0.05, and using of the SPSS software v. 22). Results: The results of this study showed test scores of movement control earned by females with a history of ankle and knee injuries was significantly different with the healthy females (P=0.001).Compare scores of subjects with contact and non-contact injuries with healthy women showed that contact injury had higher scores than those who are non-contact injuries. The differences between the groups with any of these injuries are significant with no injury group (P=0.001).Cut-off point for this test was about 15.5. Conclusion: The scores of functional movement screening give a detailed model of the injury prevention to coaches in order to predict the risk of lower extremity injuries in athletes. So its need to coaches in order to the prevention of sports injuries, use the functional movement screening tests. To measure the performance level of the athletes before the start of the season, in order to identified athletes that are at risk of injury, in order to improve their capabilities.

Differences in Ankle ROM Between Young Men and Women With a History of Ankle Sprain

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Jung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Eun-Sook Sung
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ankle Joints ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract Background Ankle injuries are the most common injuries in sports. However, very little is known about sex differences in ankle range of motion (ROM) between ankle joints with an episode of ankle sprain (ASE) and those without an episode of ankle sprain (non-ASE). This study aimed to investigate the differences of ankle ROM between men and women with and without ASE. Methods 26 ASE had at least one episode of ankle injury in the last 6 to 12 months. 35 non-ASE served as a control group. All subjects were examined in supine position and the ankle ROM was calculated by the sum of inversion (IV), eversion (EV), plantar flexion (PF) and dorsiflexion (DF) in both ankles. Results Subjects with ASE had a significantly smaller ROM regarding EV than non-ASE subjects in both ankles. The male subjects with ASE had a significantly higher EV and IV compared with the female subjects. However, ROM in PF was significantly lower among men compared with women who had ASE. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the ROM after ASE affects PF in male and EV in female patients. This could point to sex-based prevention and rehabilitation after ankle injury.

Sea Urchins and Circuses: The Modernist Natural Histories of Jean Painlevé and Alexander Calder

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-211
Author(s):  
Patricia E. Chu
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Machine Age ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Natural Historian

The Paris avant-garde milieu from which both Cirque Calder/Calder's Circus and Painlevé’s early films emerged was a cultural intersection of art and the twentieth-century life sciences. In turning to the style of current scientific journals, the Paris surrealists can be understood as engaging the (life) sciences not simply as a provider of normative categories of materiality to be dismissed, but as a companion in apprehending the “reality” of a world beneath the surface just as real as the one visible to the naked eye. I will focus in this essay on two modernist practices in new media in the context of the history of the life sciences: Jean Painlevé’s (1902–1989) science films and Alexander Calder's (1898–1976) work in three-dimensional moving art and performance—the Circus. In analyzing Painlevé’s work, I discuss it as exemplary of a moment when life sciences and avant-garde technical methods and philosophies created each other rather than being classified as separate categories of epistemological work. In moving from Painlevé’s films to Alexander Calder's Circus, Painlevé’s cinematography remains at the forefront; I use his film of one of Calder's performances of the Circus, a collaboration the men had taken two decades to complete. Painlevé’s depiction allows us to see the elements of Calder's work that mark it as akin to Painlevé’s own interest in a modern experimental organicism as central to the so-called machine-age. Calder's work can be understood as similarly developing an avant-garde practice along the line between the bestiary of the natural historian and the bestiary of the modern life scientist.

Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-aided Diagnosis of Primary Essential Cutis Verticis Gyrata: A Case Report with 5-year Follow-up and Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 906-910
Author(s):  
Hongzhang Zhu ◽  
Shi-Ting Feng ◽  
Xingqi Zhang ◽  
Zunfu Ke ◽  
Ruixi Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Cutis Verticis Gyrata ◽  
Essential Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Cutis Verticis Gyrata (CVG) is a rare skin disease caused by overgrowth of the scalp, presenting as cerebriform folds and wrinkles. CVG can be classified into two forms: primary (essential and non-essential) and secondary. The primary non-essential form is often associated with neurological and ophthalmological abnormalities, while the primary essential form occurs without associated comorbidities. Discussion: We report on a rare case of primary essential CVG with a 4-year history of normal-colored scalp skin mass in the parietal-occipital region without symptom in a 34-year-old male patient, retrospectively summarizing his pathological and Computer Tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. The major clinical observations on the CT and MR sectional images include a thickened dermis and excessive growth of the scalp, forming the characteristic scalp folds. With the help of CT and MRI Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques, the characteristic skin changes could be displayed intuitively, providing more evidence for a diagnosis of CVG. At the 5-year followup, there were no obvious changes in the lesion. Conclusion: Based on our observations, we propose that not all patients with primary essential CVG need surgical intervention, and continuous clinical observation should be an appropriate therapy for those in stable condition.

scholarly journals Sirenomelia: two case reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiyeh Shojaee ◽  
Firooze Ronnasian ◽  
Mahdiyeh Behnam ◽  
Mansoor Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Congenital Deformity ◽  
White Family ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Caudal Regression ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackgroundSirenomelia, also called mermaid syndrome, is a rare lethal multi-system congenital deformity with an incidence of one in 60,000–70,000 pregnancies. Sirenomelia is mainly characterized by the fusion of lower limbs and is widely associated with severe urogenital and gastrointestinal malformations. The presence of a single umbilical artery derived from the vitelline artery is the main anatomical feature distinguishing sirenomelia from caudal regression syndrome. First-trimester diagnosis of this disorder and induced abortion may be the safest medical option. In this report, two cases of sirenomelia that occurred in an white family will be discussed.Case presentationWe report two white cases of sirenomelia occurring in a 31-year-old multigravid pregnant woman. In the first pregnancy (18 weeks of gestation) abortion was performed, but in the third pregnancy (32 weeks) the stillborn baby was delivered by spontaneous vaginal birth. In the second and fourth pregnancies, however, she gave birth to normal babies. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging showed fusion of the lower limbs. Neither she nor any member of her family had a history of diabetes. In terms of other risk factors, she had no history of exposure to teratogenic agents during her pregnancy. Also, her marriage was non-consanguineous.ConclusionThis report suggests the existence of a genetic background in this mother with a Mendelian inheritance pattern of 50% second-generation incidence in her offspring.

scholarly journals Galaxy and mass assembly (GAMA): the inferred mass–metallicity relation from z = 0 to 3.5 via forensic SED fitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 503 (3) ◽  
pp. 3309-3325
Author(s):  
Sabine Bellstedt ◽  
Aaron S G Robotham ◽  
Simon P Driver ◽  
Jessica E Thorne ◽  
Luke J M Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cosmic Time ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mass Assembly ◽  
Star Formation Histories ◽  
Cosmic History

ABSTRACT We analyse the metallicity histories of ∼4500 galaxies from the GAMA survey at z < 0.06 modelled by the SED-fitting code ProSpect using an evolving metallicity implementation. These metallicity histories, in combination with the associated star formation histories, allow us to analyse the inferred gas-phase mass–metallicity relation. Furthermore, we extract the mass–metallicity relation at a sequence of epochs in cosmic history, to track the evolving mass–metallicity relation with time. Through comparison with observations of gas-phase metallicity over a large range of redshifts, we show that, remarkably, our forensic SED analysis has produced an evolving mass–metallicity relationship that is consistent with observations at all epochs. We additionally analyse the three-dimensional mass–metallicity–SFR space, showing that galaxies occupy a clearly defined plane. This plane is shown to be subtly evolving, displaying an increased tilt with time caused by general enrichment, and also the slowing down of star formation with cosmic time. This evolution is most apparent at lookback times greater than 7 Gyr. The trends in metallicity recovered in this work highlight that the evolving metallicity implementation used within the SED-fitting code ProSpect produces reasonable metallicity results over the history of a galaxy. This is expected to provide a significant improvement to the accuracy of the SED-fitting outputs.

scholarly journals A Variance Gamma model for Rugby Union matches

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
John Fry ◽  
Oliver Smart ◽  
Jean-Philippe Serbera ◽  
Bernhard Klar
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Gamma Model ◽  
Variance Gamma ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bonus Points ◽  
Variance Gamma Model ◽  
Special Case

Abstract Amid much recent interest we discuss a Variance Gamma model for Rugby Union matches (applications to other sports are possible). Our model emerges as a special case of the recently introduced Gamma Difference distribution though there is a rich history of applied work using the Variance Gamma distribution – particularly in finance. Restricting to this special case adds analytical tractability and computational ease. Our three-dimensional model extends classical two-dimensional Poisson models for soccer. Analytical results are obtained for match outcomes, total score and the awarding of bonus points. Model calibration is demonstrated using historical results, bookmakers’ data and tournament simulations.

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