scholarly journals Talar Cartilage Deformation and Spatiotemporal Gait Patterns in Individuals with and without Chronic Ankle Instability.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle B. Kosik ◽  
Matthew C. Hoch ◽  
Rae L. Allison ◽  
Katherine A. Bain ◽  
Stacey Slone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Walking Gait ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT Context: Research has demonstrated individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) present with alterations in the compositional structure of the talar articular cartilage. These alterations likely influence how the talar cartilage responds to loading associated with activities of daily living, such as walking. Ultrasonography has emerged as an alternative imaging modality to assess the amount of cartilage deformation in response to loading because it can be clinically accessible and cost-effective for routine measurements. Objective: To compare talar cartilage deformation in response to a standardized exercise protocol between those with and without chronic ankle instability. Secondly, to examine the association between spatiotemporal walking gait parameters and cartilage deformation. Design: Case-control. Setting: Research Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A volunteer sample of 24 participants with self-reported CAI (age = 23.2 ± 3.9 years; BMI = 25.1 ± 3.7 kg/m2) and 24 un-injured controls (age = 24.3 ± 2.9 years; BMI = 22.9 ± 2.8 kg/m2). Main Outcome Measure(s): Spatiotemporal walking gait was first assessed from five self-selected trials using an electronic walkway with data sampled at 120Hz. An 8-to-13MHz linear-array ultrasound transducer placed transversely in line with the medial and lateral malleoli captured three images before and after a standardized loading protocol consisting of 30 single and double-limb squats, 2-minute single-limb balance and 10 single-leg drops from a 40cm height box. Results: After controlling for body mass index, participants with chronic ankle instability had greater deformation compared to the un-injured controls (p=0.034). No other significant between group differences were observed (p>0.05). No significant partial correlations were observed between talar cartilage deformation and spatiotemporal gait parameters when controlling for body mass index (p>0.05). Conclusions: Individuals with CAI had greater talar cartilage deformation in response to a standardized exercise protocol than controls. The amount of talar cartilage deformation was not associated with spatiotemporal walking gait.

scholarly journals Eyes-Open Versus Eyes-Closed Somatosensory Motor Balance in Professional Soccer Players With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 232596712098360
Author(s):  
David Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
Antonio García-Sánchez ◽  
Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
Eva María Martínez-Jiménez ◽  
César Calvo-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Open Versus

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a condition defined by certain structural and functional deficits in the ankle joint complex after acute ankle injury. These deficits include pathological joint laxity, impaired postural control, and decreased strength and neuromuscular control. Purpose: To compare an eyes-open versus an eyes-closed balance training protocol in professional soccer players with CAI. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: For this study, we evaluated 19 players from 2 professional soccer teams in Madrid, Spain, all of whom had CAI. Participants from both teams were randomly assigned to an eyes-open group (n = 9) or eyes-closed group (n = 10). All participants completed 4 weeks of a supervised exercise protocol consisting of 3 sessions per week. Members of both the eyes-open and eyes-closed groups performed the same exercise protocol in the same order of execution. At the end of the protocol, the participants were assessed for pain (visual analog scale), ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (weightbearing lunge test), dynamic stability (Star Excursion Balance Test), and fear of movement and reinjury (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia). We compared results both before and after balance training and between the eyes-open and eyes-closed balance training groups. Results: Statistically significant differences were found for all of the assessed variables before and after balance training. No statistically significant differences were found between the eyes-closed and eyes-open groups on any variable. Conclusion: In the current study, eyes-closed balance training was not more effective than eyes-open balance training for CAI in professional soccer players.

Influence of Mulligan Ankle Taping on Functional Performance Tests in Healthy Athletes and Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Someeh ◽  
Ali Asghar Norasteh ◽  
Hassan Daneshmandi ◽  
Abbas Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Cross Sectional

Context:Ankle sprains or chronic ankle instability (CAI) is common in athletes and a common method for decreasing the effects of ankle instable is using tape.Objective:To determine whether Mulligan ankle taping (MAT) influenced the functional performance (FP) tests in athletes with and without CAI.Design:A cross-sectional study using a within-subject experimental design between four ankle conditions (taped and untaped, athletes with and without CAI).Setting:Research laboratory.Participants:Sixteen professional athletes with unilateral CAI (10 men and 6 women; age 23.2 ± 3 years, height 175.4 ± 10.3 cm, weight 73 ± 14.5 kg, and body mass index 23.8 ± 3.6%) and 16 uninjured professional athletes (10 men and 6 women; age 22.8 ± 1.7 years, height 173.6 ± 12.2 cm, weight 66.4 ± 11.4 kg, and body mass index 22.2 ± 3.3%) volunteered to participant in this study.Intervention:Mulligan ankle taping.Main Outcome Measures:FP tests including single leg hopping course, Figure-of-8 hop and side hop were measured for both the groups in two conditions: taped and untaped.Results:There were significant differences between injured and uninjured athletes in all FP tests (P< .05). MAT significantly improved FP tests in both groups (P< .05).Conclusion:We found that MAT can improve FP tests in athletes with CAI and uninjured athletes. Therefore, it seems that MAT can be an effective method for enhancing athletes’ performance in sports that require lateral movements.

Mechanical effects of obesity on airway responsiveness in otherwise healthy humans

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Torchio ◽  
Alessandro Gobbi ◽  
Carlo Gulotta ◽  
Raffaele Dellacà ◽  
Marco Tinivella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Airway Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Maximum Expiratory Flow ◽  
Residual Capacity

We investigated whether obesity is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness in otherwise healthy humans and, if so, whether this correlates with a restrictive lung function pattern or a decreased number of sighs at rest and/or during walking. Lung function was studied before and after inhaling methacholine (MCh) in 41 healthy subjects with body mass index ranging from 20 to 56. Breathing pattern was assessed during a 60-min rest period and a 30-min walk. The dose of MCh that produced a 50% decrease in the maximum expiratory flow measured in a body plethysmograph (PD50MCh) was inversely correlated with body mass index ( r2 = 0.32, P < 0.001) and waist circumference ( r2 = 0.25, P < 0.001). Significant correlations with body mass index were also found with the maximum changes in respiratory resistance ( r2 = 0.19, P < 0.001) and reactance ( r2 = 0.40, P < 0.001) measured at 5 Hz. PD50MCh was also positively correlated with functional residual capacity ( r2 = 0.56, P < 0.001) and total lung capacity ( r2 = 0.59, P < 0.001) in men, but not in women. Neither PD50MCh nor body mass index correlated with number of sighs, average tidal volume, ventilation, or breathing frequency. In this study, airway hyperresponsiveness was significantly associated with obesity in otherwise healthy subjects. In obese men, but not in women, airway hyperresponsiveness was associated with the decreases in lung volumes.

Long-term mild jogging increases insulin action despite no influence on body mass index or VO2 max

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 2206-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Oshida ◽  
K. Yamanouchi ◽  
S. Hayamizu ◽  
Y. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Metabolic Clearance Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
Improve Glucose Tolerance

Physical training has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. In the present study, insulin action was determined using the euglycemic clamp technique in six untrained nonobese subjects before, during, and after long-term mild regular jogging. After 1 yr of jogging, steady-state plasma insulin levels (I) decreased significantly, and the metabolic clearance rate of insulin was increased by 87%, although insulin infusion rate during the clamp was constant for each individual. The amount of glucose infused (glucose metabolism, M) tended to increase from 6.16 +/- 0.94 to 8.15 +/- 1.94 mg.kg-1.min-1 after regular jogging for 1 yr, although that was not statistically significant. However, M/I increases significantly from 0.060 +/- 0.012 to 0.184 +/- 0.056 (P less than 0.05) after 1 yr. The concentrations of plasma free fatty acids during the hyperinsulinemic clamp decreased more significantly after 1 yr of jogging (P less than 0.05). The concentrations of plasma glycerol decreased gradually before and after long-term regular jogging, showing only a 50–60% reduction in 120 min. Therefore, long-term mild regular jogging, which did not influence either body mass index or maximal O2 uptake, appears to improve insulin action in both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and to increase the metabolic clearance rate of insulin.

Three Wheel Bike as Physical Therapy Equipment for Post-Stroke Patient

2015 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Made Londen Batan ◽  
Rodika ◽  
Muhamad Riva'i
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Stroke Patient ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
A Value ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Before And After

Three wheel bike as a physical therapy equipment for post-stroke patients was designed with length of 1937 mm, 1010 mm in width and height of 905 mm. The bike is designd ergonomic and can be driven by rider foot or hand simultaneously. By using CATIA software the strength of material bike frame was analyst to support 100 kg of load. The design is realized into a prototype. The performance of bike prototype is tested, and the result sows that the function of bike mechanisme is fulfilled. By 10 respondents, who have a standard body mass index, the pedal test was conducted, and the result indicates that, the higher the speed of the pedal, the higher the energy consumption to pedaling. Leg tension muscles is measured by leg-dynamometer before and after pedaling, and the result shows the tension muscle is proportional to the increase of pedal speed. In order to evaluate the ergonomic aspect of bike design, the risk angle of extrem position of body during cycling are measured by goneo-set. By RULA method the risk of injury value of rider body is calculated while pedaling, and the result showed that 70% of respondents have a value of risk injury 2, while 30% had a value of 3. It means that, the bike design is ergonomic and comfortable to ride. In oder to evaluate the benefits of disigned bike, the pedal test is conducted by 4 post-stroke patients for 30 days periodical once every 3 days. The result shows that during 1 month exercise, the average number of cycling to pedal increase up to 100%. This means that the ability of post-stroke patients to pedal the bike increase significantly. That result showed that the bike design is useful as a tool for physical therapy post-stroke patients.

scholarly journals A High-Fat Diet Elicits Differential Responses in Genes Coordinating Oxidative Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Lean and Obese Individuals

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Boyle ◽  
J. P. Canham ◽  
L. A. Consitt ◽  
D. Zheng ◽  
T. R. Koves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mrna Content ◽  
Obese Subjects

Context: In lean individuals, increasing dietary lipid can elicit an increase in whole body lipid oxidation; however, with obesity the capacity to respond to changes in substrate availability appears to be compromised. Objective: To determine whether the responses of genes regulating lipid oxidation in skeletal muscle differed between lean and insulin resistant obese humans upon exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD). Design and Setting: A 5-d prospective study conducted in the research unit of an academic center. Participants: Healthy, lean (n = 12; body mass index = 22.1 ± 0.6 kg/m2), and obese (n=10; body mass index = 39.6 ± 1.7 kg/m2) males and females, between ages 18 and 30. Intervention: Participants were studied before and after a 5-d HFD (65% fat). Main Outcome Measures: Skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained in the fasted and fed states before and after the HFD and mRNA content for genes involved with lipid oxidation determined. Skeletal muscle acylcarnitine content was determined in the fed states before and after the HFD. Results: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) α mRNA content increased in lean, but not obese, subjects after a single high-fat meal. From Pre- to Post-HFD, mRNA content exhibited a body size × HFD interaction, where the lean individuals increased while the obese individuals decreased mRNA content for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, uncoupling protein 3, PPARα, and PPARγ coactivator-1α (P ≤ 0.05). In the obese subjects medium-chain acylcarnitine species tended to accumulate, whereas no change or a reduction was evident in the lean individuals. Conclusions: These findings indicate a differential response to a lipid stimulus in the skeletal muscle of lean and insulin resistant obese humans.

Heart Failure Risk before and after Kidney Transplantation: Importance of Body Mass Index

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. S83
Author(s):  
Krista L. Lentine ◽  
Huiling Xiao ◽  
Mark A. Schnitzler ◽  
Paul J. Hauptman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Failure Risk ◽  
Before And After
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