The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Symptom Severity, Chronicity, and Comorbidity in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1034-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henny A. Visser ◽  
Agnes van Minnen ◽  
Harold van Megen ◽  
Merijn Eikelenboom ◽  
Adriaan W. Hoogendoorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences in families with multiple members diagnosed to have psychiatric illnesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1086-1094
Author(s):  
Amala Someshwar ◽  
Bharath Holla ◽  
Preeti Pansari Agarwal ◽  
Anza Thomas ◽  
Anand Jose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions

Objective: Adverse childhood experiences are linked to the development of a number of psychiatric illnesses in adulthood. Our study examined the pattern of adverse childhood experiences and their relation to the age of onset of major psychiatric conditions in individuals from families that had ⩾2 first-degree relatives with major psychiatric conditions (multiplex families), identified as part of an ongoing longitudinal study. Methods: Our sample consisted of 509 individuals from 215 families. Of these, 268 were affected, i.e., diagnosed with bipolar disorder ( n = 61), obsessive–compulsive disorder ( n = 58), schizophrenia ( n = 52), substance dependence ( n = 59) or co-occurring diagnoses ( n = 38), while 241 were at-risk first-degree relatives who were either unaffected ( n = 210) or had other depressive or anxiety disorders ( n = 31). All individuals were evaluated using the Adverse Childhood Experiences – International Questionnaire and total adverse childhood experiences exposure and severity scores were calculated. Results: It was seen that affected males, as a group, had the greatest adverse childhood experiences exposure and severity scores in our sample. A Cox mixed effects model fit by gender revealed that a higher total adverse childhood experiences severity score was associated with significantly increased risk for an earlier age of onset of psychiatric diagnoses in males. A similar model that evaluated the interaction of diagnosis revealed an earlier age of onset in obsessive–compulsive disorder and substance dependence, but not in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Conclusion: Our study indicates that adverse childhood experiences were associated with an earlier onset of major psychiatric conditions in men and individuals diagnosed with obsessive–compulsive disorder and substance dependence. Ongoing longitudinal assessments in first-degree relatives from these families are expected to identify mechanisms underlying this relationship.

Adverse childhood experiences and gender influence treatment seeking behaviors in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Benedetti ◽  
Sara Poletti ◽  
Daniele Radaelli ◽  
Elena Pozzi ◽  
Chiara Giacosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Caudate Gray Matter Volume in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Is Influenced by Adverse Childhood Experiences and Ongoing Drug Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Benedetti ◽  
Sara Poletti ◽  
Daniele Radaelli ◽  
Elena Pozzi ◽  
Chiara Giacosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Adverse Childhood

A Preliminary Investigation of Pathways to Inflated Responsibility Beliefs in Children with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey M. Collins ◽  
Meredith E. Coles
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Negative Life Event ◽  
Obsessive Beliefs ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Inflated Responsibility ◽  
Initial Support

Background: Cognitive theorists posit that inflated responsibility beliefs contribute to the development of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Salkovskis et al. (1999) proposed that experiencing heightened responsibility, overprotective parents and rigid rules, and thinking one influenced or caused a negative life event act as ‘pathways’ to the development of inflated responsibility beliefs, thereby increasing risk for OCD. Studies in adults with OCD and non-clinical adolescents support the link between these experiences and responsibility beliefs (Coles et al., 2015; Halvaiepour and Nosratabadi, 2015), but the theory has never been tested in youth with current OCD. Aims: We provided an initial test of the theory by Salkovskis et al. (1999) in youth with OCD. We predicted that childhood experiences proposed by Salkovskis et al. (1999) would correlate positively with responsibility and harm beliefs and OCD symptom severity. Method: Twenty youth with OCD (age 9‒16 years) completed a new child-report measure of the experiences hypothesized by Salkovskis et al. (1999), the Pathways to Inflated Responsibility Beliefs Scale-Child Version (PIRBS-CV). Youth also completed the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-Child Version (Coles et al., 2010) and the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (Foa et al., 2010). Results: Consistent with hypotheses, the PIRBS-CV was significantly related to responsibility and harm beliefs and OCD symptom severity. Conclusions: Results provide initial support for the theory proposed by Salkovskis et al. (1999) as applied to youth with OCD. Future studies are needed to further assess the model in early-onset OCD.

Current Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Mediate the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Executive Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412097969
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Maja ◽  
Robyn E. Kilshaw ◽  
Mauricio A. Garcia-Barrera ◽  
Justin E. Karr
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are both associated with lower performances on executive function tasks. However, few researchers have evaluated ACEs, posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, and executive function difficulties in conjunction. Using an online micropayment service, the current study assessed whether PTS symptoms mediated the relationship between ACEs and executive functions. In total, 83 participants (54.2% female, age: M = 28.86, SD = 7.71) were administered the ACE questionnaire, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and the Executive Function Index (EFI). A higher number of reported ACEs was related to greater PTS symptom severity ( β = .40, p < .001) and worse self-rated executive functions ( β = –.32, p = .002). Controlling for the number of reported ACEs, current PTS symptom severity was related to worse executive functions ( β = –.45, p < .001). A bootstrapped 95% confidence interval (CI) indicated a significant indirect effect, β = –.18 (95% CI: –.30, –.08), by which current PTS symptoms mediated the relationship between the number of reported ACEs and executive functions. These results suggest that psychological interventions targeting PTS symptoms, in the context of a history of childhood trauma, may concurrently improve executive functions in adult populations.

Corticolimbic Connectivity Mediates the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Symptom Severity in Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Vai ◽  
Laura Sforzini ◽  
Raffaele Visintini ◽  
Martina Riberto ◽  
Chiara Bulgarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Sleep Problems among Adolescent Students: Mediation by Depression or Anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
E-Jin Park ◽  
Shin-Young Kim ◽  
Yeeun Kim ◽  
Dajung Sung ◽  
Bora Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are known to be closely related to depression, anxiety and sleep problems. However, it remains unclear whether adolescents with ACEs have sleep problems regardless of depression or anxiety or under a mediating effect from depression or anxiety. Therefore, our aim was to examine whether depression or anxiety mediates the relationship between ACEs and sleep problems in adolescents by using a community sample. The Early Trauma Inventory Self Report–Short Form (ETISR-SF) and List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire (LTE-Q) were used to assess traumatic ACEs. Ultimately, data from 737 students (M = 448, F = 289, 15.1 ± 1.4 years old) were included in the statistical analysis. A total of 576 (78.1%) participants reported that they had experienced one or more ACEs. Adolescents with ACEs had higher levels of depression, anxiety and sleep problems than did adolescents without ACEs, and boys tended to experience more trauma than girls. Depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and sleep problems. The results of this study suggest the need for depression and anxiety interventions for adolescents with ACEs to reduce the long-term consequences, including sleep problems and physical health problems.

The Price of Love: An Investigation into the Relationship between Romantic Love and the Expression of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
James McLauchlan ◽  
Emma M. Thompson ◽  
Ygor A. Ferrão ◽  
Euripedes C. Miguel ◽  
Lucy Albertella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Romantic Love ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences and depression among women in rural Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine LeMasters ◽  
Lisa M. Bates ◽  
Esther O. Chung ◽  
John A. Gallis ◽  
Ashley Hagaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Rural Pakistan ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Abstract Background Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are a common pathway to adult depression. This pathway is particularly important during the perinatal period when women are at an elevated risk for depression. However, this relationship has not been explored in South Asia. This study estimates the association between ACEs and women’s (N = 889) depression at 36 months postpartum in rural Pakistan. Method Data come from the Bachpan Cohort study. To capture ACEs, an adapted version of the ACE-International Questionnaire was used. Women’s depression was measured using both major depressive episodes (MDE) and depressive symptom severity. To assess the relationship between ACEs and depression, log-Poisson models were used for MDE and linear regression models for symptom severity. Results The majority (58%) of women experienced at least one ACE domain, most commonly home violence (38.3%), followed by neglect (20.1%). Women experiencing four or more ACEs had the most pronounced elevation of symptom severity (β = 3.90; 95% CL = 2.13, 5.67) and MDE (PR = 2.43; 95% CL = 1.37, 4.32). Symptom severity (β = 2.88; 95% CL = 1.46, 4.31), and MDE (PR = 2.01; 95% CL = 1.27, 3.18) were greater for those experiencing community violence or family distress (β = 2.04; 95%; CL = 0.83, 3.25) (PR = 1.77; 95% CL = 1.12, 2.79). Conclusions Findings suggest that ACEs are substantively distinct and have unique relationships to depression. They signal a need to address women’s ACEs as part of perinatal mental health interventions and highlight women’s lifelong experiences as important factors to understanding current mental health. Trial registration NCT02111915. Registered 11 April 2014. NCT02658994. Registered 22 January 2016. Both trials were prospectively registered.

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