scholarly journals The legacy of Sir Reginald Stephen Garfield Todd in Zimbabwean public life history

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gift Masengwe ◽  
Bekithemba Dube
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Church Of Christ ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Liberal Politics ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Racial Democracy ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
Church Governance

This article investigates the contribution of white liberal politics of an ex-missionary New Zealander, Sir Reginald Stephen Garfield Todd (from 1953 to 1958), on the development of Southern Rhodesia towards becoming an independent state. It outlines the contribution he made towards the progress of black Zimbabweans in a number of spheres. It arouses interest in contemporary Zimbabwean religious and political discourses. Todd held a hybridity of roles in transitional politics from the blunting settler racism to the sharpening of African capability on multi-racial democracy important for our debate on the decolonisation of southern Africa. He was a rhetorically gifted radical paternalist who adopted reformist policies to advance both the African cause and his prophetic vocation. He suggested technocratic solutions that could reorganise and diversify political and economic options.Contribution: This study uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) on the wider literature on Todd’s biography and African policies in view of his Christian vocation towards changing conditions of socio-economic, political-religious and technological-technocratic solutions to contemporary African independence. He was a man of his times living and working in an increasingly problematic context guided by the Christian principles in which he was reared. He is the ‘father of faith’ in the Church of Christ in Zimbabwe (COCZ), and leaves us pedagogical lessons on human security, gender equality, church governance and human well-being that require review within the contemporary Christian fraternity.

scholarly journals The Enemy Next Door: The Image of Russia in Georgian and Ukrainian Political Discourses Amid Conflicts Escalation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
Aram Terzyan
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Image Representation ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Democratic Values ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
The Core ◽  
Standing Up

Abstract This article presents an analysis of the evolution of Russia’s image representation in Georgian and Ukrainian political discourses amid Russian-Georgian and Russian-Ukrainian conflicts escalation. Even though Georgia’s and Ukraine’s troubled relations with neighboring Russia have been extensively studied, there has been little attention to the ideational dimensions of the confrontations, manifested in elite narratives, that would redraw the discursive boundaries between “Us” and “Them.” This study represents an attempt to fill the void, by examining the core narratives of the enemy, along with the discursive strategies of its othering in Georgian and Ukrainian presidential discourses through critical discourse analysis. The findings suggest that the image of the enemy has become a part of “New Georgia’s” and “New Ukraine’s” identity construction - inherently linked to the two countries’ “choice for Europe.” Russia has been largely framed as Europe’s other, with its “inherently imperial,” “irremediably aggressive” nature and adherence to illiberal, non-democratic values. The axiological and moral evaluations have been accompanied by the claims that the most effective way of standing up to the enemy’s aggression is the “consolidation of democratic nations,” coming down to the two countries’ quests for EU and NATO membership.

tenet of ubuntu in South (African) ethics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vhumani Magezi ◽  
Clement Khlopa
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
South African ◽  
Moral Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Christian Ethics ◽  
African Philosophy ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
African Ethics ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
African Worldview

The notion of ubuntu as a moral theory in the South African and African contexts presents attractive norms of an African worldview that can be articulated and applied to contemporary Christian ethics. The proponents of ubuntu perceive it as an African philosophy based on the maxim, “a person is a person through other persons”, whereby the community prevails over individual considerations. It is not merely an empirical claim that our survival or well-being is causally dependent on others but is in essence capturing a normative account of what we ought to be as human beings. However, ubuntu has shortcomings that make it an impractical notion. Despite its shortcomings, ubuntu has natural ethic potential that enforces and engenders hospitality, neighbourliness, and care for all humanity. This article contributes to further conceptualisation and understanding of the notion of ubuntu and its relationship with hospitality in order to retrieve some principles that can be applied to effective and meaningful pastoral care. The principles drawn from ubuntu are juxtaposed with Christian principles and pastoral care to encourage embodiment of God by pastoral caregivers.

Against Their Apparent Self-Interest: The Authorization of Independent State Legislative Ethics Commissions, 1973–96

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Rosenson
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Ethics Policy ◽  
Ethics Commissions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Legislative

Why do state legislators enact policies that conflict with their immediate self-interest? I address this question by assessing the impact of traditional and non-traditional policy determinants on ethics policy adoption. Specifically, I use event history analysis to identify the factors that explain the authorization of independent state legislative ethics commissions from 1973 to 1996. I find that the determinants of ethics policy are substantially, but not completely, different from those of other policies, with ethics policy fitting into an agenda-setting model better than many other policies. Scandals and the actions of other states played a prominent role in setting the agenda and facilitating the authorization of ethics commissions. The agenda-setting process transforms the immediate self-interest of legislators on this issue from one of concern about their own economic well being to one of concern about re-election. In addition, political culture, institutional power arrangements, legislative compensation, and party competition had small but discernible effects on the likelihood of a state establishing a legislative ethics commission.

scholarly journals Clan language: political imagination and identity in the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
pp. 269-289
Author(s):  
Anastasia Mikhaleva
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Political Imagination ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
The Russian Far East

This article discusses a phenomenon that is gaining popularity – a description of political events in the Russian Far East in the language of tribalism. The study is based on critical discourse analysis, which makes it possible to compare many texts mentioning tribalism in one form or another with the discursive and social practices in the region. The study offers a typology of tribalist political discourses, and also examines in detail one of the options common in national republics. The analysis shows that tribalism in the description of politics has little in common with real political groups; it is rather used as a tool to describe political events and explain them in a way convenient for the author. It is closely related to tradition and rooting (autochthonism). This allows us to discuss the identities of political actors and make judgments about the legitimacy of their actions.

scholarly journals Analyzing The Farewell Sermon of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) A Critical Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akram Khan ◽  
Ali Furqan Syed ◽  
Muhammad Junaid ◽  
Sajid mehmood Shakir ◽  
Shahnawaz Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crucial Part

Critical Discourse Analysis considers language use to be a form of social practice, and it is frequently used in political discourse, including written, verbal and visual public speeches. The last sermon of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is presented in this article as a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in the perspective of social discrimination, inequity and racism. The study explores how the sermon brings about the true picture of Islam. The Prophet Muhammad’s view has been reflected through textual and stylistic discussion in the study. This study also focuses the ideology of Prophet Muhammad PBUH that is revealed through the linguistic choices in the sermon and how the relationship between Muslim and Non-Muslim in the broader socio-cultural and political sense is represented. To achieve the goals of the study Fairclaugh’s 3D Model was opted. The Prophet (PBUH) teaches his followers how to live-in peace with others, connect with them, and communicate with them without jeopardizing their own identities or the Muslims' sense of self. The findings of the study are that the Prophet's Farewell Sermon is seen as a road map for humankind, ensuring happiness, well-being, and prosperity for all people regardless of race, color, language, or other factors. The Prophet’s expert use of the available media at the time added to the sermon's effectiveness. Teaching His disciples how to communicate and disseminate the sermon's teachings throughout the world. Furthermore, the study found that the Prophet's tremendous rhetorical and linguistic eloquence in placing words, phrases, sentences, and other elements in their right contexts played a crucial part in expressing His intended meanings to His audience. The study has some limitations as researchers could not analyse each element at the textual level, although they had given a little detail in the quantitative analysis of the text. The researchers suggest that future researchers go for complete analysis at the textual level and explore other potential areas.

scholarly journals A Discourse Analysis of Peel District School Board Documents: Situating the Realities of Black Male Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy-Ann Lettman
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
School Board ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Black Males ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Black Families ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Black Male Students ◽  
Inclusive Education Policy

This paper used a methodology of Critical Discourse Analysis to examine the education of Black males in the Peel District School Board. Using a theoretical framework comprised of anti-Black racism I examined four documents published by the Peel District School Board: Safe Schools Policy, Equity and Inclusive Education Policy, We Rise Together report, and Fighting an Uphill Battle: Report on the Consultations into the Well-Being of Black Youth in Peel Region. My findings revealed three main discourses evident from the policy documents, which are the following: 1) institutional/systemic racism, and 2) discourse of fairness, objectivity, and neutrality, and 3) Whiteness. I conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for Black males and Black families.

scholarly journals A Critical Discourse Analysis of Radi’s Dramas From behind the Windows and Hamlet with Season Salad Based on Van Leeuwen’s Framework "Representing Social Actions"

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-119
Author(s):  
Alireza Khormaee ◽  
Rayeheh Sattarinezhad
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Different representations of social actions create distinct types of discourses. Applying van Leeuwen’s 'Social Actions' framework (2008), the present study critically analyzes the power relations between the main characters of Radi’s dramas From behind the Windows and Hamlet with Season Salad. The objective of our study is to account for the differences between the discourse of the dominant and the discourse of the dominated. In order to elucidate such differences we count and analyze the characters’ social (re)actions and, in turn, identify four types of contrasts: cognitive vs. affective and perceptive reactions; material vs. semiotic actions; transactive vs. non-transactive actions; interactive vs. instrumental actions. Two opposing discourses emerge from these contrasts. On the one hand, the dominant characters mostly react cognitively and their actions are often semiotic, transactive, and interactive. On the other hand, the dominated characters’ reactions are often affective and perceptive, while most of their actions are material, non-transactive, and instrumental. As the results show, the author’s linguistic choices underscore the power relations between the dominant and the dominated characters. Building upon the fact that our analysis sheds light on the underlying ideologies and intentions of the author, we tentatively conclude that despite its being predominantly employed in the analysis of political discourses, van Leeuwen’s framework also proves effective in the critical analysis of literary works.

scholarly journals A New Discourse out of a Dark Atmosphere: Critical Discourse Analysis of Iran’s Eleventh Presidential Election

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Anna Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
Floating Signifiers

This paper tries to indicate how the candidates of Iran’s eleventh presidential election attempted to rise to power by the means of language. In this analysis, the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe is applied. The candidates tried to win the battlefield of election by creating exclusion borders and excluding their rivals. Critical discourse analysis is a methodology that can reveal ideological purposes behind the political discourses to reflect the hidden Realities. The study of the debates between presidential candidates shows that Hassan Rouhani was elected because he could exclude other discourses resulting from the rising sociopolitical crisis. Nevertheless, He could not articulate his floating signifiers and his discourse was not hegemonic.

scholarly journals Ungodly Genders: Deconstructing Ex-Gay Movement Discourses of “Transgenderism” in the US

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Christine M. Robinson ◽  
Sue E. Spivey
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Gender Variance ◽  
Transgender Studies ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Discourses ◽  
The Us ◽  
Gay Movement ◽  
The Individual

This research investigates a neglected topic within both transgender studies and religious studies by analyzing ex-gay movement discourses of “transgenderism” from the 1970s to the present, focusing primarily on the US-American context. The oppression of transgender people in the US and globally is fed and fueled by the religious, scientific, and political discourses of the transnational “ex-gay” movement, which provides the ideological and material foundation of Christian Right politics. Using critical discourse analysis of ex-gay texts, we analyze the implications of these discourses in the individual, interactional, and institutional dimensions of society’s gender structure. This movement is one of the most insidious—and overlooked—sources of cisgenderism and transmisogyny today, constructing gender variance as sin, mental illness, and danger—with catastrophic consequences for transgender people, and those along the transfemale/feminine spectrum in particular. Finally, we discuss the public policy implications of these discourses.

Language and significance — or the importance of import

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Critical Thought ◽  
Critical Social Science ◽  
Critical Social

One of the main functions of discourses is to impute significance to, or interpret the significance of, things. Claims about significance are not merely expressive or evaluative but informative or descriptive, often referring to matters bearing on well-being or flourishing. It is argued that critical discourse analysis (CDA) can hardly be critical unless it acknowledges and evaluates how discourses impute and interpret significance or import and how this relates to well-being. Critical thought in contemporary social science is undermined by dualisms such as fact/value, reason/emotion, and positive/normative, which tend to position critique as ‘merely subjective’ and beyond the scope of reason or science. Although, like any critical social science, CDA uses terms like ‘oppression’, ‘racism’, ‘abuse’, ‘exploitation’ and ‘suffering’, these cannot be reduced wholly to either positive or normative matters. The paper shows how significance can be understood by challenging these dualisms.

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