scholarly journals Metacognitive awareness of reading strategies of University of Botswana English as Second Language students of different academic reading proficiencies

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Magogwe

This study explored metacognitive awareness level of University of Botswana students in the Faculty of Social Sciences. It also considered the more recent research focusing on the role of metacognitive awareness in reading and how it relates to proficiency. The following questions are addressed: (1) What are the self-reported reading proficiencies of the University of Botswana students? (2) Are the University of Botswana students aware of their metacognitive reading strategies? (3) What kind of metacognitive reading strategies are frequently used? (4) Is there a difference in metacognitive awareness of reading strategies used by high- and low-proficiency students respectively? The Survey of Reading Strategies Questionnaire (SORS) developed by Mokhtari and Sheorey (2002), and the semi-structured interview technique were used to collect data for this study. The findings indicate that University of Botswana English as Second Language (ESL) students reported high reading proficiency and high use of metacognitive strategies, but there was no vast difference in terms of proficiency. Students who reported their proficiency as high had an edge over low-proficiency ones mainly because their management and monitoring of reading was guided more by the goals they have set themselves than by the tests and assignments they were supposed to write.

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Louise Busby

Metacognitive awareness is one of the key predictors of successful reading, in particular for second language and academic reading. This article presents a study that investigated Norwegian university students’ metacognitive awareness when reading academic texts in Norwegian (L1) and English (L2). 316 students answered a questionnaire which included a 30-item survey of reading strategies and self-ratings of reading proficiency in both languages. The analysis reveals a surprisingly similar awareness of reading strategies in L1 and L2. The main differences found were in the use of two specific reading strategies: reading more slowly and using resources such as dictionaries. Despite overall similarities in the approach to L1 and L2 reading, participants rated their own proficiency as much higher in L1 reading than L2. Regression models show significant associations between self-ratings of proficiency and the number and type of reading strategies reported, particularly in the L2, demonstrating that there is an important connection between these. Research on other populations has shown a much higher use of reading strategies in L2. However, the similarity in approaches to L1 and L2 reading among the university students in this study may reflect a higher level of L2 proficiency among these students, as well as high expectations of proficiency, meaning they do not feel a need to use reading strategies for decoding L2 text. Instead, these students may benefit from additional training in the use of higher level reading strategies to improve their comprehension of L2 academic texts.Keywords: metacognitive awareness, academic reading, L2 reading, English as a second language, reading strategiesSammenligning av første- og andrespråkslesing: bruk av metakognitive strategier blant norske universitetsstudenterSammendragMetakognitiv bevissthet er avgjørende for gode leseferdigheter, spesielt når det gjelder leseferdigheter i andrespråk og akademisk lesing. Denne artikkelen presenterer sentrale funn fra en studie som undersøkte norske universitetsstudenters metakognitive bevissthet ved lesing av akademiske tekster på norsk (L1) og engelsk (L2). 316 studenter ble bedt om å fylle ut et spørre-skjema med 30 spørsmål om lesestrategier, samt å vurdere egne leseferdigheter i begge språk. Deltakerne viser en overraskende lik bevissthet omkring bruken av lesestrategier i L1 og L2. De største forskjellene som ble funnet, angår bruken av to spesifikke lesestrategier: det å lese sakte og det å bruke ressurser som ordbøker. Til tross for generelle likheter i studentenes tilnærming til lesing i L1 og L2, vurderer deltakerne sine egne leseferdigheter som mye bedre i L1 enn i L2. Regresjonsmodeller viser signifikante sammenhenger mellom egenvurderingen av leseferdigheter og antall og type rapporterte lesestrategier, særlig i L2, noe som viser at det er en viktig relasjon mellom disse. Forskning på andre populasjoner har vist en mye høyere bruk av lesestrategier i L2. Likheten i tilnærminger til L1- og L2-lesing blant universitetsstudenter i denne studien kan indikere et høyere nivå av L2-leseferdighet blant disse studentene, samt høye forventede ferdigheter, noe som betyr at de ikke føler behov for å bruke lesestrategier for å dekode L2-tekst. I stedet kan disse studentene dra nytte av opplæring i bruk av lesestrategier på mer overordnet nivå for å forbedre forståelsen av L2 akademiske tekster.Nøkkelord: metakognitiv bevissthet, akademisk lesing, andrespråkslesing, engelsk som andrespråk, lesestrategier


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Kasyfur Rahman

This paper investigates the preferred criteria EFL undergraduatesin an Indonesian University use for journal article selection and the strategiesthey employed for the reading of the articles. Five final year students wereinterviewed to collect pertinent data. Using semi-structured interviewtechnique, the findings suggests that the main criterion for journal articleselection is its similarity with their research topics. In addition to this, theyalso consider journal reputation as well as ease of access. Their preferencesmight be partially influenced by prior instruction from lecturers in relevantcourses. In terms of reading strategies, they reported they did not read thewhole article whilst focusing on certain structure such as abstract, findings,and conclusion. These strategies are mainly cognitive and overlook themetacognitive ones. Therefore, teachers are suggested to scaffold the readingjournal articles to foster critical thinking and evaluation of the selectedarticles as well as metacognitive awareness to construct arguments from thetexts.


2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1064-1086
Author(s):  
Salim Abu Rabia

Purpose and research question: The present study investigated whether there was any significant difference between balanced bilinguals, dominant bilinguals, limited bilinguals and monolinguals in the application of metacognitive linguistic skills while doing a reading comprehension task in the additional (English) language. Namely, how do different degrees of bilingualism affect metacognitive linguistic skills? Methodology: The present study examined three domains of metacognitive reading process (planning, monitoring and evaluating), as well as the overall use of metacognitive reading strategies. Four groups of participants (30 seventh grade students in each group) completed a Metacognitive Reading Strategies Questionnaire, aimed at measuring their metacognitive awareness in each domain after fulfilling a reading comprehension task in English. Data analysis: A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used in order to test the differences within groups and between groups. Findings and conclusions: Level of metacognitive reading awareness was affected by the degree of bilingualism. There was a positive influence of balanced (reading and writing skills in the second language) and imbalanced (oral skills in the second language) degrees of bilingualism on metacognitive linguistic abilities. A balanced degree of bilingualism exerted the greatest influence on most of the metacognitive reading domains (planning, monitoring and the total use of metacognitive strategies). Significance: A significant advantage of balanced bilinguals over all other groups was revealed. Level of metacognitive reading awareness was affected by the degree of bilingualism. Thus, bilingual education should be taken seriously due to its positive effect on all aspects of thinking and learning. Results provided additional support to the notion that bilingualism had a positive impact on the metacognitive linguistic skills. Moreover, the balance between the languages appeared to be a significant variable. Thus, balanced bilinguals, who possessed the highest competence in the second language, showed the best performance in the domains of planning, monitoring and overall use of metacognitive reading strategies. Limited bilinguals, on the contrary, demonstrated the lowest scores in the mentioned domains. The findings also revealed the absence of any considerable difference between the groups in the domain of evaluating.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jigme Dorji

The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the conceptualization of communicative language teaching (CLT) by the English as Second Language (ESL) teachers in Chukha district in Bhutan. Four ESL teachers were selected as the participants for the semi-structured interview through purposive sampling technique. A set of 15 predetermined open-ended questions on CLT were framed and asked based on Savignon�s (1983) Foreign Language Attitude Survey Test (FLAST). The content validity of interview questions was ensured by consulting three experts and computing Item Object Congruence (IOC) in accordance with Lynn�s (1986) item acceptability criteria. The data were analyzed using content analysis technique. The results revealed teachers� conceptualization under two categories; in compliance with and deviance from CLT principles. Under first category, the results showed that the participants believed CLT as a language teaching approach that focuses on developing communicative competence, teaching language for real life, child-centered teaching, and teaching culture in the second language classroom. Under the second category, the results indicated that the participants believed CLT as not using mother tongue in teaching English and only teaching listening and speaking skills. In addition, the study also uncovered the fact that ESL teachers are not aware of CLT approach. The article concludes with the discussion on the areas of training particularly relevant to this group of Bhutanese ESL teachers and recommendations for future studies. ��� �Keywords: communicative competence, communicative language teaching, conceptualization


IJOHMN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-53
Author(s):  
Motuma Hirpassa Minda ◽  
Mikire Dase Boka ◽  
S. Nakkiran

Concerned by increased problems about the students’ reading quality, this study was carried out to investigate the reading approach of English major students of Ambo University. To achieve this objective, all 52(31 male and 21 female) English major students of the University were purposely selected for the study because the number of the students is small to manage. Both quantitative and qualitative data were obtained from the respondents through Reading Achievement Tests, Questionnaire and Structured Interview and analyzed accordingly. The study mainly focused on the students’ approach to reading (adapted top-down or bottom-up) and the students’ ability to identify the main ideas and details, explicitly stated and implied information, the purpose and the tone of authors in five different reading genres: dialogues, directions, article, essays, and poems.  The overall result of the study showed that 89.7% of the University students were exclusively limited to bottom-up approaches to reading and frustrated to determine the main ideas and implied information in the texts. In other words, no student answered more than 78% in reading comprehension items correctly in the tests. Moreover, half of the students could not answer above 50% in the comprehension questions. Therefore, the prescriptions for the solution  to the problem lies in bringing about improvement in the students’ interactive approach to reading and thereby, improve students’ ability to identify the main ideas and details, explicitly stated and implied information, the purpose and the tone of authors in different reading genres: dialogues, articles, essays, directions and poem.


Author(s):  
Ελευθερία Ντούση ◽  
Ελευθερία Ν. Γωνίδα ◽  
Γρηγόρης Κιοσέογλου

The paper presents the adaptation of the Metacognitive Awareness of ReadingStrategies Inventory (MARSI) in the Greek language. MARSI was designed toevaluate the metacognitive awareness and the perceived use of school andacademic content reading strategies by students. The tool measures three subscales: General strategies, problem-solving strategies, and support reading strategies. The present study examined the factorial structure and the psychometric properties of the Greek version of MARSI revealing good internal consistency and testretest reliability. The use of MARSI showed that the Greek students with and without learning difficulties use metacognitive reading strategies, but they score low in support reading strategies.


2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yi Lien

Past research has shown an association between foreign language reading anxiety and reading strategy. However, individual variables tend to affect foreign language anxiety and strategy use. The present study examined a hypothesized model that specified direct and indirect effects among English and foreign languages readers’ distinct variables, including academic level; self-perceived English level; and satisfaction with reading proficiency, reading anxiety, and metacognitive awareness of reading strategies. A total of 523 volunteer Taiwanese college students provided 372 valid responses to a written questionnaire (281 women and 91 men; M age = 19.7 years, SD = 1.1) containing the translated versions of Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale, Survey of Reading Strategies Inventory, and self-assessment background questionnaire. The results showed that self-evaluation of reading proficiency did not correlate with academic level and readers’ perceptions. Satisfaction had a direct effect on foreign language reading anxiety but not on metacognitive awareness of reading strategies. Results of path analysis demonstrated that the perception learners who had their own reading proficiency predicted their foreign language reading anxiety and was a mediating variable for metacognitive reading strategy use.


2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CHEW FONG PENG ◽  
TAN SHIN YEN

Selection of a reading strategy is a critical factor in development of students’ comprehension and critical thinking skills. This study examined the level of reading strategy utilized by students when reading English academic text and investigated if there were any significant differences between Malaysian and Chinese students in terms of metacognitive awareness and perceived use of metacognitive reading strategies. A total of 55 second year and third year TESL students (31 Malaysian and 24 China Chinese) in the University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia completed 30-item questionnaires adopted from a Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS) questionnaire. The result indicated a high level of reading strategy using metacognitive reading strategies among all the students. Visualizing strategy was the most popular item that students “looked at the title before reading to get a hint about text content”. T-test result showed that there were significant differences in the use of the two categories of strategies; global and problem-solving strategies. Malaysian students demonstrated higher level of using global and problem-solving strategies compared to their China counterparts. Therefore, university reading courses ought to emphasize all global, problem-solving, and support strategies. Lecturers should also emphasize on reading itself. The result of this study served as the basis for achieving the students’ metacognition ability.Keywords: English, global and problem-solving strategies, support strategies, metacognitive reading strategy, TESL, descriptive design, University of Malaya, Malaysia


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