scholarly journals Export behaviour of South African enterprises: Stages and attitudes towards export

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma Viviers ◽  
Jaap Kroon ◽  
Jonathan L. Calof
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Export Behaviour ◽  
Export Barriers ◽  
Limited Scope

This study aims to broaden existing knowledge with respect to the export behaviour of South African enterprises. After analysing questionnaires received from 163 enterprises, as well as South African export data, it was concluded that South African enterprises exhibited similar export behaviour to that of enterprises in more developed countries. Non-exporters perceived the risks and costs of exporting to be higher than exporters. Exporters perceived the benefits to be greater than did non-exporters. However, the limited scope of South African exports when compared to more developed countries, suggests that South Africa may have some export barriers which are preventing the development of a large cadre of exporters.

Region of Birth and Child Mortality among Black Migrants to South Africa: Is there a foreign-born advantage?

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany L Green ◽  
Amos C Peters
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Black Immigrants ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Child Deaths

Much of the existing evidence for the healthy immigrant advantage comes from developed countries. We investigate whether an immigrant health advantage exists in South Africa, an important emerging economy.  Using the 2001 South African Census, this study examines differences in child mortality between native-born South African and immigrant blacks.  We find that accounting for region of origin is critical: immigrants from southern Africa are more likely to experience higher lifetime child mortality compared to the native-born population.  Further, immigrants from outside of southern Africa are less likely than both groups to experience child deaths.  Finally, in contrast to patterns observed in developed countries, we detect a strong relationship between schooling and child mortality among black immigrants.

scholarly journals Adherence barriers and facilitators for cervical screening amongst currently disadvantaged women in the greater Cape Town region of South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantelle De Abreu ◽  
Hannah Horsfall ◽  
Despina Learmonth
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
African Women ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Disadvantaged Women

Background: In South Africa cervical cancer is the second most commonly occurring cancer amongst women, and black African women have the highest risk of developing this disease. Unfortunately, the majority of South African women do not adhere to recommended regular cervical screening.Objectives: The purpose of this research was to explore the perceptions, experiences and knowledge regarding cervical screening of disadvantaged women in two informal settlements in South African urban areas.Method: The Health Belief Model (HBM) provided a theoretical framework for this study. Four focus groups (n = 21) were conducted, using questions derived from the HBM, and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The ages of the women who participated ranged from 21 to 53 years.Results: The analysis revealed lack of knowledge about screening as a key structural barrier to treatment. Other structural barriers were: time, age at which free screening is available, and health education. The psychosocial barriers that were identified included: fear of the screening procedure and of the stigmatisation in attending screening. The presence of physical symptoms, the perception that screening provides symptom relief, HIV status, and the desire to know one’s physical health status were identified as facilitators of cervical screening adherence.Conclusion: This knowledge has the potential to inform healthcare policy and services in South Africa. As globalisation persists and individuals continue to immigrate or seek refugee status in foreign countries, increased understanding and knowledge is required for successful acculturation and integration. Developed countries may therefore also benefit from research findings in developing countries.

scholarly journals South African and Singaporean exporters: Their attitudes, information sources and export problems

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Burgess ◽  
Nicola Oldenboom
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Managerial Leadership ◽  
Export Behaviour ◽  
Secondary Information

South Africa's emergence from years of political and regulatory trade barriers has focussed attention on South African exporters. In a replication of Elliot Krasnostein's study of 54 Singaporean exporters, the perceptions, attitudes and characteristics of a representative sample of 321 experienced South African exporters and their decision makers were investigated. Consistent with other international studies, the results suggest that managerial, organizational and environmental forces and perceptions motivate export behaviour. However, South African firms clearly are responding to unique situational factors and national export resources as well. The findings indicate that managerial leadership, supportive attitudes and extensive exporting experience are widely available in South Africa. Secondary information sources could be improved and freight costs reduced to improve South African export effectiveness.

Family Business Succession: Founders from Disadvantaged Communities in South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-287
Author(s):  
Eslyn B.H. Isaacs ◽  
Christian Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Succession Plan ◽  
Business Failures ◽  
Business Succession ◽  
Stability And Resilience

It is estimated that 50–70% of all South African businesses are family-owned and that these businesses form the backbone of the South African economy, their qualities providing stability and resilience in the changing society of the nation. Succession is one of the biggest challenges for family business owners. Research shows that only 33% of all family businesses progress from the first to the second generation and only 16% progress to the third generation. This is because in many small and medium-sized family businesses there is no formal succession plan and no appropriate governance structures are in place. Matters may also be complicated by destructive conflicts, with more than one family member believing that he or she is best equipped to take over as leader. In most developed countries family business research is receiving the same attention as, for example, entrepreneurship, but in South Africa neither topic has yet come of age. Of the 23 registered universities and technical universities in South Africa, only one offers a full semester-based module on family business, while four of the other institutions offer around two credit modules, of which succession is a small part. It is clear from the investigation reported here that unless the topic of succession receives more attention unclear succession plans, incompetence and/or lack of preparedness of successors and family rivalries will continue to result in unsuccessful successions and business failures.

Black South African Unions: Relative Wage Effects in International Perspective

ILR Review ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Moll
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Relative Wage ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Black South African ◽  
Blue Collar Workers ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Unskilled Workers

Despite the disenfranchisement of blacks in South Africa, the state's refusal to officially recognize black unions until 1980, and police repression of the union movement, this analysis of data for 1985 shows that black unions in South Africa had by that year made wage gains similar to those of unions in more developed countries. The union effect on wages for black blue-collar workers was 24%, which is in the range of effects found in studies of U.S. unions and above the range of effects found for European unions. Another finding is that black unions compressed wages across skill levels, an effect probably owing to black unions' primary emphasis on improving the lot of unskilled workers.

scholarly journals Advantages and pitfalls of South Africa-Angola strategic alliances

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Vogel ◽  
G. B.L. Pires da Cunha
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Mode Selection ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mode Of Entry ◽  
International Strategic Alliances ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Alliance Partners

Purpose: Owing to a shortage of South African research focusing on international strategic alliances, this study aimed to determine whether the advantages and pitfalls of international strategic alliances referred to in international business publications are also applicable to South African international strategic alliances. Design/Methodology/Approach: This was a formal, empirical study that targeted the 163 South African enterprises which were members of the South African-Angolan Chamber of Commerce in 2005 and 2006. Findings: The results identified joint ventures as the most prominent mode of entry when expanding into developing countries and, with few exceptions, the findings support the advantages and pitfalls of international strategic alliances identified in other international publications. Value of the research: A great deal of international management research over the years has been focused on the importance of strategic alliances as a mode of entry, as well as on the pitfalls experienced by alliance partners, particularly in developed countries. However, the lack of such research in Africa in general and South Africa in particular means that South African enterprises must base their entry mode selection on non-South African research findings, and although this sample size was small, the lack of other Africa-specific research makes this research significant. Implications: With South Africa being the largest source of FDI into the rest of Africa, the findings of this paper show that South African enterprises can attain the advantages associated with international strategic alliances when using this mode of entry into Africa. In terms of pitfalls, the findings highlight the need for multinational enterprises to pay specific attention to the role of governments when forming strategic alliances.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the accuracy of the CellaVision™ DM96 in a high HIV-prevalence population in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer L. Vaughan ◽  
Sakina Loonat ◽  
Nazeer Alli
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
South African ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
White Cell ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The CellaVision™ DM96 (DM96) is a digital microscopy system which performs well in developed countries. However, to date it has not been evaluated in Africa, where the pathology spectrum encountered is very different. In particular, its utility in a setting with high HIV prevalence has not been assessed, which is of interest because of the morphological aberrations often seen in HIV-positive patients.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the DM96 in a South African laboratory, with emphasis on its performance in samples collected from HIV-positive patients.Methods: A total of 149 samples submitted for a routine differential white cell count in 2012 and 2013 at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa were included, of which 79 (53.0%) were collected from HIV-positive patients. Results of DM96 analysis pre- and post-classification were compared with a manual differential white cell count and the impact of HIV infection and other variables of interest were assessed.Results: Pre- and post-classification accuracies were similar to those reported in developed countries. Reclassification was required in 16% of cells, with particularly high misclassification rates for eosinophils (31.7%), blasts (33.7%) and basophils (93.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between the number of misclassified cells and both the white cell count (p = 0.035) and the presence of malignant cells in the blood (p = 0.049), but not with any other variables analysed, including HIV status.Conclusion: The DM96 exhibited acceptable accuracy in this South African laboratory, which was not impacted by HIV infection. However, as it does not eliminate the need for experienced morphologists, its cost may be unjustifiable in a resource-constrained setting.

scholarly journals Identifying and assigning values to the intangible cultural benefits of ecosystem services to traditional communities in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (7/8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun Mowat ◽  
Bruce Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
South African ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
South African Society ◽  
Traditional Communities

Cultural ecosystem services make an important and valuable contribution to human well-being. However, research efforts in relation to ecosystems do not reflect this value, with the majority focusing on provisioning service contributions in developed countries, with cultural services largely neglected. Consideration of the contribution and importance of these services in South Africa focuses on the more tangible cultural ecosystem services such as recreational and educational benefits, with a paucity of research on the more intangible aspects such as sense of identity, belonging and worship of the ancestors. This lack of research is out of keeping with evidence of an intimate and profound relationship between the land and traditional communities in South Africa. Here we reflect on the available evidence of the nature of cultural ecosystem services to traditional communities in South Africa, and consider one aspect of the global debate on cultural ecosystem services by analysing the suitability of two predominant methods of ascertaining their value – neoclassic economic valuation and deliberative approaches – in a South African context. The types and nature of the values associated with cultural ecosystems, and the way of life of traditional communities, suggest the use of deliberative approaches is better suited to this task. It is hoped that these discussions will encourage researchers from a range of disciplines to engage in furthering research efforts in this area, and improve the evidence base on identifying, assessing and valuing these services, which are of significant importance and value to many of the most marginalised and vulnerable members of South African society.

The Social Context of Occupational Disease: Asbestos and South Africa

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonny Myers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Inspection ◽  
The State ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Developed Countries

General issues of industrial health are raised in relation to the production of asbestos and asbestos-related diseases in South Africa. A historical analysis of these diseases and their control in Britain demonstrates some general problems of occupational diseases with long incubation periods and their implications for capital and labor. In order to understand the role of the research establishment, an attempt is made to situate the state in the conflict between capital and labor. The terms and weapons of this ideological arena are investigated. The South African situation is then discussed. Its evident weaknesses—the lack of statutory limits on exposure, capital's responsibility for monitoring exposure and health, the inefficiency of the state inspection, and the meagerness and racial disparities in compensation—are related to the weakness of organized labor. These weaknesses are linked to the movement of certain industrial processes, finally acknowledged as unsafe by most academic research, away from the developed countries. In these countries, the strength of labor and environmental organizations has caused a decline in capitalist productivity.

scholarly journals Intra-SADC Foreign Direct Investment: A Gravity Approach to South Africa Outward Investment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Onelie Nkuna
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
South African ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Agglomeration Effects

<p>This paper looks at intra-SADC FDI, focusing at South Africa outward FDI into SADC countries. LSDV and GMM estimation techniques are applied in a gravity model for the period 1999 to 2010. The study finds strong evidence that intra-trade and intra-FDI are negatively related, suggestive of a substitutive relationship between intra-SADC trade and intra-SADC FDI. The study also reveals that capital account openness, bilateral investment treaties, and labour availability are key in promoting intra-SADC FDI flows. Further, the study finds evidence that agglomeration effects are important for South African investors into SADC despite the fact that they are operating in a common region. The study also finds that FDI from developed countries complement with FDI from South Africa.</p>lts indicate that there is long-run level equilibrium relationship between the stock price of Taiwan and the NTD/USD exchange rates at lower distribution of stock prices, and at higher and lower distribution of exchange rates. The causality results show that there is unidirectional causality running from Taiwan stock price to the NTD/USD exchange rate at higher distribution of exchange rates. The result shows that there is evidence in favor of the portfolio hypothesis.<p> </p>

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