Die persoonlikheidsprofiel van suksesvolle bewakingsdienspersoneel

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Nell ◽  
L. Kamfer ◽  
R. P. Van Der Merwe ◽  
D. J. L. Venter
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
First Order ◽  
Correctional Services ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Independent Criterion ◽  
Better Than

The personality profile of successful prison warders. In an attempt to develop a personality profile for successful prison warders, scores on CattelFs 16-PF (SA92-form) were obtained from 361 warders employed by the South African Department of Correctional Services. Independent criterion information (tempo of promotion) was also obtained and used as indicator of job success. Using Hotelling's T2, it was found that the first order factor profiles of successful and unsuccessful warders differed significantly. There was no difference in their second order profiles. By means of stepwise discriminant analysis with personality as independent and success (expressed as a dichotomy) as the dependant variable, four first order factors were identified and formulae derived which predicted 14,8 better than chance whether a warder would be correctly classified as successful or not on the dichotomous success criterion. Opsomming In 'n poging om 'n persoonlikheidsprofiel vir suksesvolle bewakingsdienspersoneel saam te stel, is response op Cattell se 16-PF (SA92-vorm) vanaf 361 bewakingsdienspersoneellede werksaam by die Suid-Afrikaanse Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste, verkry. Inligting in terme van onafhanklike kriterium (tempo van bevordering) is ook verkry en gebruik as aanduiding van werksukses. Deur die gebruik van Hotelling se T2 is bepaal dat die ecrsteorde profiele van suksesvolle en onsuksesvolle bewakingsdienslede beduidend van mekaar verskil. Daar is geen beduidende verskil ten opsigte van die tweedeorde profiele gevind nie. Deur middel van stapsgewyse diskriminantontleding, met persoonlikheid as onafhanklike en sukses (uitgedruk as 'n digotomie) as afhanklike veranderlike, is vier eersteorde faktore geidentifiseer en formules saamgestel wat 14,8 beter as toeval kan voorspel of "n persoon suksesvol of onsuksesvol volgens die digotomiese sukseskriterium sal wees.

scholarly journals Can We Compare Solidarity Across Europe? What, Why, When, and How to Assess Exact and Approximate Equivalence of First- and Second-Order Factor Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Lomazzi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Alignment Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Political Values ◽  
First Order ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
European Values ◽  
Order Factor

Although measurement invariance is widely considered a precondition for meaningful cross-sectional comparisons, substantive studies have often neglected evaluating this assumption, thereby risking drawing conclusions and making theoretical generalizations based on misleading results. This study offers a theoretical overview of the key issues concerning the measurement and the comparison of socio-political values and aims to answer the questions of what must be evaluated, why, when, and how to assess measurement equivalence. This paper discusses the implications of formative and reflective approaches to the measurement of socio-political values and introduces challenges in their comparison across different countries. From this perspective, exact and approximate approaches to equivalence are described as well as their empirical translation in statistical techniques, such as the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) and the frequentist alignment method. To illustrate the application of these methods, the study investigates the construct of solidarity as measured by European Values Study (EVS) and using data collected in 34 countries in the last wave of the EVS (2017–2020). The concept is captured through a battery of nine items reflecting three dimensions of solidarity: social, local, and global. Two measurement models are hypothesized: a first-order factor model, in which the three independent dimensions of solidarity are correlated, and a second-order factor model, in which solidarity is conceived according to a hierarchical principle, and the construct of solidarity is reflected in the three sub-factors. In testing the equivalence of the first-order factor model, the results of the MGCFA indicated that metric invariance was achieved. The alignment method supported approximate equivalence only when the model was reduced to two factors, excluding global solidarity. The second-order factor model fit the data of only seven countries, in which this model could be used to study solidarity as a second-order concept. However, the comparison across countries resulted not appropriate at any level of invariance. Finally, the implications of these results for further substantive research are discussed.

scholarly journals Examining the Impostor-Profile—Is There a General Impostor Characteristic?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ibrahim ◽  
Johann-Christoph Münscher ◽  
Philipp Yorck Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Impostor Phenomenon ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Best Fit

The Impostor-Profile (IPP) is a six-dimensional questionnaire measuring the Impostor Phenomenon facets. This study aims to test (a) the appropriateness of a total score, (b) measurement invariance (MI) between gender, (c) the reliability of the IPP, and (d) the convergent validity of the IPP subscales. The sample consisted of N = 482 individuals (64% female). To identify whether the scales of the IPP form a total score, we compared four models: (1) six correlating subscales, (2) a general factor model, (3) a second-order model with one second-order factor and six first-order factors, and (4) a bifactorial model with six group factors. The bifactorial model obtained the best fit. This supports the assumption of a total impostor score. The inspection of structural validity between gender subgroups showed configural, metric, and partial scalar MI. Factor mean comparisons supported the assumption that females and males differ in latent means of the Impostor Phenomenon expressions. The omega coefficients showed sufficient reliability (≥0.71), except for the subscale Need for Sympathy. Overall, the findings of the bifactor model fit and construct validity support the assumption that the measurement through total expression is meaningful in addition to the theoretically formulated multidimensionality of the Impostor Phenomenon.

Evaluation of the Color of Some Spanish Unifloral Honey Types as a Characterization Parameter

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Mateo Castro ◽  
M Jiménez Escamilla ◽  
F Bosch Reig
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Color Spaces ◽  
Liquid Samples ◽  
Visual Comparison ◽  
Unifloral Honey ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Great Simplicity ◽  
Chromatic Coordinates ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The color of 7 types of Spanish unifloral honey from rosemary, orange blossom, lavender, eucalyptus, sunflower, heather, and honeydew was Investigated for Its potential use as a characterization parameter. Colors were estimated by visual comparison with a Lovlbond 1000 Instrument, the readings of which were transformed Into Pfund units. As an alternative method, the transmittances of liquid samples at selected wavelengths were measured, trlstlmulus values were calculated, and chromatic coordinates In the CIE-1931 (x,y,L) and CIE-1976 (L*a*b*) color spaces were determined. The correlation coefficient between x and the Pfund grading was 0.958, but visual comparisons proved to be less objective and precise than CIE parameters; yet, analysis by visual comparison can be used by unskilled dealers and beekeepers because of Its great simplicity. A stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that CIE-1976 (L*a*b*) coordinates yield an overall proportion of accurately classified samples slightly better than that afforded by CIE-1931 coordinates (76 vs 71%). However, rosemary and lavender honeys were more accurately classed by using the CIE-1931 system. The results show that color determinations make a useful tool for helping to classify honeys.

An Assessment of the Dimensionality of Three SAT-Verbal Test Editions

1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Cook ◽  
Neil J. Dorans ◽  
Daniel R. Eignor
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Statistical Dependence ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
First Order ◽  
Irt Models ◽  
Verbal Test ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Item Scores ◽  
Effective Dimensionality

A strong assumption made by most commonly used item response theory (IRT) models is that the data are unidimensional, that is, statistical dependence among item scores can be explained by a single ability dimension. First-order and second-order factor analyses were conducted on correlation matrices among item parcels of SAT-Verbal items. The item parcels were constructed to yield correlation matrices that were amenable to linear factor analyses. The first-order analyses were employed to assess the effective dimensionality of the item parcel data. Second-order analyses were employed to test meaningful hypotheses about the structure of the data. Parcels were constructed for three SAT-Verbal editions. The dimensionality analyses revealed that one SAT-Verbal test edition was less parallel to the other two editions than these other editions were to each other. Refinements in the dimensionality methodology and a more systematic dimensionality assessment are logical extensions of the present research.

Toward Understanding Trust: A Response to Adams and Miskell

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa S. Romero ◽  
Douglas E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Educational Administration ◽  
Successful Schools ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Multifactor Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Teacher Trust ◽  
District Administration ◽  
Method Approach

Purpose: Trust is a key component of successful schools. Although scholars widely agree that trust is multifaceted, there is less agreement about the number and nature of these factors. In the October 2016 issue of Educational Administration Quarterly, C. M. Adams and Miskell argued that their Teacher Trust of District Administration Scale provided evidence that trust is a single factor that cannot be unpacked, and that our three-factor theory of trust, which asserts that trust involves the discernment of benevolence, competence, and integrity, is invalid. We find multiple conceptual and methodological flaws in their reasoning. Method/Approach: We analyze data provided by C. M. Adams and Miskell that were used in their original 2016 article. The data set includes responses from 606 teachers in 72 schools to the 10 survey questions that comprise the Teacher Trust of District Administration Scale. We reproduce and critique the results of four models presented, and corrected, by C. M. Adams and Miskell, and present an alternative second-order model of trust with three first-order factors representing benevolence, competence, and integrity. Findings and Implications: Consistent with theory, we find that trust is more appropriately modeled as a multifactor construct. A multifactor model of trust is not merely an advance in measurement, it has important, actionable implications for research and practice. Measuring trust as a second-order factor, with first-order factors benevolence, competence, and integrity, positions us to make more nuanced judgements about trust, more easily diagnose problems, and prescribe interventions needed to develop, maintain, or repair trust in schools.

VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF CONIFERS: XI. EFFECTS OF TYPE OF CUTTING ON THE ROOTING OF NORWAY SPRUCE CUTTINGS

1942 ◽  
Vol 20c (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Farrar ◽  
N. H. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Better Than

Full length Norway spruce cuttings, with and without a heel of old wood, were collected from the lower part of the tree at semimonthly intervals from July to October and were propagated in several media in outside frames.Plain cuttings generally rooted better than cuttings with a heel of old wood, as judged by percentage rooted and the number and lengths of root. Heels, however, for'summer collections favoured survival and rooting in sand, and root length in sand–peat. In several experiments involving early spring collections propagated in sand, the presence or absence of heels had little effect on the responses of the cuttings.A late October collection involved six types of plain cuttings taken from the lower part of the tree and propagated in two different sand–peat media. In sedge peat medium there was little difference in the rooting of second order terminal, second order large lateral, second order small lateral, or third order lateral cuttings, the average rooting being 90%. Third order lateral cuttings showed an inferior development of new growth. The percentage of first order terminal cuttings rooted was 67%; these had markedly superior new growth development; when shortened, only 32% of such cuttings rooted. Irregular differences between the types of cutting occurred in the inferior sphagnum peat medium.

Second-Order Flocking Control with Communication Noise

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 1077-1080
Author(s):  
Huan Xin Peng ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Wen Kai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Distributed Consensus ◽  
First Order ◽  
Convergence Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

In the paper, we analyze the distributed flocking algorithms with communication noise. Under the Boid model, flocking algorithm with communication noise is easy to diverge. In order to improve the convergence performance of flocking algorithms with communication noise, and overcome the impact brought by communication noise on flocking algorithm, in the paper, a distributed flocking algorithm based on SO-DCT distributed consensus algorithm is proposed. The second-order flocking algorithm under the Boid model is analyzed, and simulations are done. Results show that the second-order distributed flocking algorithm can reach cohesion, and its convergence performance is better than that of the first-order distributed flocking algorithm, moreover, the impact of communication noise on the second-order flocking algorithm is smaller.

Cognitive Correlates of Complexity of Children's Drawings

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 1079-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Bensur ◽  
John Eliot ◽  
Laxmin Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
General Factor ◽  
First Order ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
Spatial Intelligence ◽  
Spatial Factor ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Drawing Tasks

240 children (60 each at ages 4, 6, 8, and 10 years) were administered Dennis' (1987) Five Drawing Tasks and five additional developmental tasks. Three hypotheses were tested: that object recognition and working memory would be related to increasing complexity, that both would load on separate factors, and that higher-order analyses would indicate an underlying second-order spatial factor. Analysis included very strong zero-order correlations with age. When age was partialed out, three first-order factors were obtained. Higher-order analyses yielded one second-order factor which appeared related to a general factor of spatial intelligence.

scholarly journals Investigation of the removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution using pomelo fruit peel

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Van Phuc Dinh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Isotherm And Kinetic Models ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Better Than

Pomelo fruit peel, an organic waste, was utilised as a biosorbent to remove Ni(II) from aqueous solutions. Some major factors influencing Ni(II) uptake such as pH, adsorption time, and initial Ni(II) concentration were examined. Several isotherm and kinetic models including the Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-diffusion models were fit to the experimental data. Results showed that the Ni(II) uptake obtained an equilibrium at pH=6 after 80 min at 303 K. The Sips isotherm model described the Ni(II) adsorption better than other models and the monoadsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model was 9.67 mg/g. The adsorption of Ni(II) followed pseudo-second-order kinetic models with three stages.

In Support of Second Order Optimization

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiushi Cao ◽  
Prakash Krishnaswami
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Order Method ◽  
First Order ◽  
Applied Optimization ◽  
Minimum Sensitivity ◽  
First Order Methods ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Second Order Methods

Abstract The vast majority of applied optimization falls into the category of first order optimization. This paper attempts to make the case for increased use of second order optimization techniques. Some of the most serious criticisms against second order methods are discussed and are shown to have lost some of their validity in recent years. In addition, some positive advantages of second order methods are also presented. These advantages include computational efficiency, compatibility with new advances in hardware and spill-over benefits in areas such as minimum sensitivity design. A simple second order constrained optimization algorithm is developed and several examples are solved using this method. A comparison is made with first order methods in terms of the number of function evaluations. The results show that the second order method performs much better than the first order methods in this regard. The paper also suggests some directions for future research in second order optimization.

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