scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors associated with underweight among under-five children in a rural area of Puducherry

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
JomolSara John ◽  
JomonMathew John
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children

scholarly journals Hierarchical disentanglement of contextual from compositional risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
A. Olalekan Uthman ◽  
Latifat Ibisomi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractSeveral studies have documented the burden and risk factors associated with diarrhoea in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). To the best of our knowledge, the contextual and compositional factors associated with diarrhoea across LMIC were poorly operationalized, explored and understood in these studies. We investigated multilevel risk factors associated with diarrhoea among under-five children in LMIC. We analysed diarrhoea-related information of 796,150 under-five children (Level 1) nested within 63,378 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 57 LMIC (Level 3) using the latest data from cross-sectional and nationally representative Demographic Health Survey conducted between 2010 and 2018. We used multivariable hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression models for data analysis. The overall prevalence of diarrhoea was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2–14.7) ranging from 3.8% in Armenia to 31.4% in Yemen. The odds of diarrhoea was highest among male children, infants, having small birth weights, households in poorer wealth quintiles, children whose mothers had only primary education, and children who had no access to media. Children from neighbourhoods with high illiteracy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.07, 95% credible interval (CrI) 1.04–1.10] rates were more likely to have diarrhoea. At the country-level, the odds of diarrhoea nearly doubled (aOR = 1.88, 95% CrI 1.23–2.83) and tripled (aOR = 2.66, 95% CrI 1.65–3.89) among children from countries with middle and lowest human development index respectively. Diarrhoea remains a major health challenge among under-five children in most LMIC. We identified diverse individual-level, community-level and national-level factors associated with the development of diarrhoea among under-five children in these countries and disentangled the associated contextual risk factors from the compositional risk factors. Our findings underscore the need to revitalize existing policies on child and maternal health and implement interventions to prevent diarrhoea at the individual-, community- and societal-levels. The current study showed how the drive to the attainment of SDGs 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 will enhance the attainment of SDG 3.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Malaria Among Caregivers of Under-Five Children in the Buea Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Hermann Ngouakam ◽  
Mark Agbor Akongem ◽  
Timatang Tufoin Cagetan ◽  
Ariane Laure Wounang Ngueugang ◽  
Bonaventure Tientche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Health District ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Aims: The study measured the level of knowledge and attitudes towards malaria and examined associated factors among caregivers of under-five children. Study Design: The study was community-based, descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Buea Health District (BHD) from February to June 2020. Methodology: Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the caregivers of under-fives. The above mean scores were used to determine the level of knowledge. The attitude levels were measured by using 3-point Likert scales. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with knowledge and attitude. SPSS software version 20.0 was used for analysis. Results: Out of the 390 respondents, 69.5% of them had a neutral attitude. Meanwhile, 27.7 % of participants carried a favorable attitude towards malaria and only 2.8 % of them had an unfavorable attitude, Caregivers of under-five children who scored below the mean score were 25.1 % which was considered having poor knowledge and above the mean score was 74.9% which was considered good knowledge. In the multivariable logistic analysis, caregivers with a primary school level of education were 4.1 times (AOR = 4.1, CI = 1.486-11.102) times more likely of receiving a high malaria knowledge score as compared to those with no formal education. Factors associated with caregiver's attitude level towards malaria risk were educational level and marital status which showed significant associations in the univariate analysis Conclusion: Caregivers of under-fives displayed a good knowledge of malaria risk factors. However, in these endemic areas for malaria, caregiver attitude was found to be unenthusiastic and unresponsive, and this poses additional challenges in reaching the malaria elimination goal. Thus, suggesting that educational messages during the campaign should be contextual to reach out to local communities to trigger a positive behavioural change.

scholarly journals Social Determinants and Access to Water-Sanitation-Hygiene as Dominant Risk Factors of Stunting among Under-five Children in Rural Area of East Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dini Suciyanti ◽  
Grace Wangge ◽  
Elisa Iskandar ◽  
Umi Fahmida ◽  
Taniawati Supali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Eastern Indonesia ◽  
Co Morbidity

(1) Background: Stunting remains a challenge in Indonesia, where 30.8% of under-five children are stunted and may never reach full potential height and cognitive function. We aimed to investigate the risk factors of stunting in Nangapanda subdistrict, East Nusa Tenggara; (2) Methods: The design was cross-sectional study located in rural area as part of PINTERMIDI UI project. We collected quantitative data on social determinants, weight, height, hemoglobin, ferritin, serum zinc, CRP, worm infection, history of deworming, co-morbidity, food security, and nutrient intake; (3) Results: A total of 196 under-five children included and 74% households were food insecure. The prevalence of stunting was 29.9% in this population (31.8% worm infection, 30.3% iron deficiency, and 28.1% zinc deficiency). Multivariate analysis showed household with 5-8 members (AOR 3.076; 95% CI 1.132 – 8.356) and unsafe drinking water (AOR 1.702; 95% CI 0.825 – 3.512) were significant independent risk factors of stunting after adjusted by child’s gender, father’s occupation, caregiver’s education, monthly expenses, sanitary facilities, and food security status; (4) Conclusions: The number of household members is the only independent risk factor of stunting among children age 24-59 months in rural area of Eastern Indonesia. Development of nutrition sensitive intervention and promotion of family planning are needed in order to increase adequate child’s care and feeding practices in rural area of Eastern Indonesia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Rotaviral Diarrhoea among Under Five Children in Sylhet Region of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Farjana Binte Habib ◽  
Mohammed Mirazur Rahman ◽  
Md Moynul Haque ◽  
Probhat Ranjan Dey ◽  
Premananda Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children

Retrovirus is the major cause of acute severe diarrhea in under five children and contributing 10,000 to 27000 deaths each year in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the risk factors associated with Rotaviral among under five children admitted in the Department of Paediatrics, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the Department of Microbiology during the period from 1st January to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 under five children with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 86 cases.The Rotavirus infection was found highest in age group of 7 to 12 months (50.56%) and in male (59.30%) children. It was found significantly higher in patients from lower socio-economic condition (64.00%), those who were from rural area (48.75%) and children who were not exclusively breastfed (83.87%). Bottle feeding, lower educational level of mother and overweight of children may serve as predisposing factors of rotavirus disease in these children. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 32-37

scholarly journals Baseline Assessment of Risk Factors of Presumptive Tuberculosis among under Five Children Living with an Index Client under Treatment in Mbale District, Eastern Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rosemary Tumusiime ◽  
Charles Mukasa ◽  
Agatha K Kisakya-Maria ◽  
Irene Mildred Neumbe ◽  
Jerome Odyeny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Background and Aims: Children in contact with adults having pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) are vulnerable to TB infection and hence contact tracing and screening is important for early detection of infection. However, there are few contacts traced and the prevalence and risk factors for transmission are not well studied. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection and risk factors associated with TB transmission among under five children in household contact with adult pulmonary TB patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in three health facilities with a high TB burden in Mbale District, Eastern Uganda involving all under five household contacts of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis recorded in the TB register from October 2018 to March 2019 and still on treatment. Structured questionnaires were administered to the index clients to obtain their demographic and clinical data about TB, HIV as well as information on the children. Children were screened using the intensive case finding forms to identify presumptive cases. Results: The total number of index TB Clients line listed were 70. Number of clients traced was 38, 21 (%) of whom had children under five years and a total of 33 children were identified. The number of presumptive cases was 9/33 (27.27%). 77.8% of the presumptive cases were living in poorly ventilated houses. Conclusion: The study identified children with presumptive TB and various risk factors for TB transmission. Intensive contact tracing can therefore help reduce TB transmission within the communities. It is recommended to undertake studies aiming at improving contact tracing and strategies to eliminate the risk factors to TB transmission.

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