Risk factors associated with acute respiratory infections among under-five children admitted to Arthur’s Children Hospital, Ndola, Zambia.

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisdom Banda ◽  
◽  
Mazyanga L Mazaba ◽  
David Mulenga ◽  
Seter Siziya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute respiratory infections among under five children attending public hospitals in southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2016/2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sielu Alemayehu ◽  
Kalayou Kidanu ◽  
Tensay Kahsay ◽  
Mekuria Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Maternal Literacy

Abstract Background Acute Respiratory infection accounts for 94,037000 disability adjusted life years and 1.9 million deaths worldwide. Acute respiratory infections is the most common causes of under-five illness and mortality. The under five children gets three to six episodes of acute respiratory infections annually regardless of where they live. Disease burden due to acute respiratory infection is 10–50 times higher in developing countries when compared to developed countries. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors of acute respiratory infection among under-five children attending Public hospitals in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia 2016/2017. Methods Institution based case control study was conducted from Nov 2016 to June 2017. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 288 (96 cases and 192 controls) children under 5 years of age. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were employed to examine statistical association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables at 95% confidence level. Level of statistical Significance was declared at p < 0.05. Tables, figures and texts were used to present data. Result One hundred sixty (55.6%) and 128 (44.4%) of the participants were males and females respectively. Malnutrition (AOR = 2.89; 95%CI: 1.584–8.951; p = 0.039), cow dung use (AOR =2.21; 95%CI: 1.121–9.373; p = 0.014), presence of smoker in the family (AOR = 0.638; 95% CI: 0.046–0.980; p = 0.042) and maternal literacy (AOR = 3.098; 95%CI: 1.387–18.729; p = 0.021) were found to be significant predictors of acute respiratory infection among under five children. Conclusion According to this study maternal literacy, smoking, cow dung use and nutritional status were strongly associated with increased risk of childhood acute respiratory infection. Health care providers should work jointly with the general public, so that scientific knowledge and guidelines for adopting particular preventive measures for acute respiratory infection are disseminated.

Evaluation of Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Infections in Under-five Children in a Transmigratory Urban Area at Bandung, Indonesia

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Kartasasmita ◽  
O. Rosmayudi ◽  
E. S. Soeria Soemantri ◽  
W. Deville ◽  
M. Demedts
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

scholarly journals Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections among Under-Five Children in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassin Nshimiyimana ◽  
Yingchun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Globally, 7.4 million young children are being killed from infectious and treatable diseases, and Saharan Africa accounts for 90% of deaths. In Uganda, Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) remain the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality among under-five children. The study aims to identify and analyze contributing potential risk factors of childhood ARIs disease among under-five children in Uganda.Methods: A case-control study was conducted using data for 13,493 sampled under-five children retrieved from a recent 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. We compared two supervised tree-like structure machine learning algorithms and two logistic regression methods in terms of classification performances in predicting ARIs disease outcomes and analysing various child and parental socio-demographic, behavioural, and environmental characteristics.Results: The study results revealed that the ARIs prevalence among under-five children accounted 40.3% cases. The Logistic regression findings showed that the risk of developing childhood ARIs disease declined with increase in child's age where the risk of having ARIs was higher in children in one year of birth (AOR=1.27; p < 0:001) and lower in children aged four years old (AOR=0.69; p < 0:001) compared to the infants. Other factors such as the age of mother where children born from teen mothers (15-19 years) were high likely (AOR=1.28; p < 0:001) to have ARIs illness compared to those whose mothers were in the middle age groups, and children whose mothers breastfed showed a lower risk of ARIs disease (AOR=0.83; p < 0:001) compared to those who not breastfed. In the dry season, children were more likely to develop ARIs disease (AOR=1.34; p < 0:001) compared to the wet season, and factors such as the region of residences like central region, mother employment, and domestic cooking energy like wood were also potential risk factors of ARIs disease among under-five children in Uganda. In addition, three methods such as Decision Tree (Accuracy = 61.2%; AUC=0.610), Elastic Net Logistic Regression (Accuracy=61.7%; AUC=0.627), and Binary Logistic Regression (Accuracy=62.1%; AUC=0.638) showed approximately similar performances in predicting and classifying ARIs disease outcomes. However, the Random Forest (Accuracy=88.7%; AUC=0.951) showed superior difference in performance comparatively.Conclusion: Government and healthcare stakeholders need to make effective programs to improve public health policy against childhood infectious diseases by targeting the proper provision of maternal and child health-related education to household heads and mothers to adopt and prioritize breastfeeding practices, childcare, and ensure proper dwelling places for families and young children particularly in crowded regions and geographic places where ARIs prevalence is high.

scholarly journals Hierarchical disentanglement of contextual from compositional risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
A. Olalekan Uthman ◽  
Latifat Ibisomi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractSeveral studies have documented the burden and risk factors associated with diarrhoea in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). To the best of our knowledge, the contextual and compositional factors associated with diarrhoea across LMIC were poorly operationalized, explored and understood in these studies. We investigated multilevel risk factors associated with diarrhoea among under-five children in LMIC. We analysed diarrhoea-related information of 796,150 under-five children (Level 1) nested within 63,378 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 57 LMIC (Level 3) using the latest data from cross-sectional and nationally representative Demographic Health Survey conducted between 2010 and 2018. We used multivariable hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression models for data analysis. The overall prevalence of diarrhoea was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2–14.7) ranging from 3.8% in Armenia to 31.4% in Yemen. The odds of diarrhoea was highest among male children, infants, having small birth weights, households in poorer wealth quintiles, children whose mothers had only primary education, and children who had no access to media. Children from neighbourhoods with high illiteracy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.07, 95% credible interval (CrI) 1.04–1.10] rates were more likely to have diarrhoea. At the country-level, the odds of diarrhoea nearly doubled (aOR = 1.88, 95% CrI 1.23–2.83) and tripled (aOR = 2.66, 95% CrI 1.65–3.89) among children from countries with middle and lowest human development index respectively. Diarrhoea remains a major health challenge among under-five children in most LMIC. We identified diverse individual-level, community-level and national-level factors associated with the development of diarrhoea among under-five children in these countries and disentangled the associated contextual risk factors from the compositional risk factors. Our findings underscore the need to revitalize existing policies on child and maternal health and implement interventions to prevent diarrhoea at the individual-, community- and societal-levels. The current study showed how the drive to the attainment of SDGs 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 will enhance the attainment of SDG 3.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Malaria Among Caregivers of Under-Five Children in the Buea Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Hermann Ngouakam ◽  
Mark Agbor Akongem ◽  
Timatang Tufoin Cagetan ◽  
Ariane Laure Wounang Ngueugang ◽  
Bonaventure Tientche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Health District ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Aims: The study measured the level of knowledge and attitudes towards malaria and examined associated factors among caregivers of under-five children. Study Design: The study was community-based, descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Buea Health District (BHD) from February to June 2020. Methodology: Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the caregivers of under-fives. The above mean scores were used to determine the level of knowledge. The attitude levels were measured by using 3-point Likert scales. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with knowledge and attitude. SPSS software version 20.0 was used for analysis. Results: Out of the 390 respondents, 69.5% of them had a neutral attitude. Meanwhile, 27.7 % of participants carried a favorable attitude towards malaria and only 2.8 % of them had an unfavorable attitude, Caregivers of under-five children who scored below the mean score were 25.1 % which was considered having poor knowledge and above the mean score was 74.9% which was considered good knowledge. In the multivariable logistic analysis, caregivers with a primary school level of education were 4.1 times (AOR = 4.1, CI = 1.486-11.102) times more likely of receiving a high malaria knowledge score as compared to those with no formal education. Factors associated with caregiver's attitude level towards malaria risk were educational level and marital status which showed significant associations in the univariate analysis Conclusion: Caregivers of under-fives displayed a good knowledge of malaria risk factors. However, in these endemic areas for malaria, caregiver attitude was found to be unenthusiastic and unresponsive, and this poses additional challenges in reaching the malaria elimination goal. Thus, suggesting that educational messages during the campaign should be contextual to reach out to local communities to trigger a positive behavioural change.

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