Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Malaria Among Caregivers of Under-Five Children in the Buea Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Hermann Ngouakam ◽  
Mark Agbor Akongem ◽  
Timatang Tufoin Cagetan ◽  
Ariane Laure Wounang Ngueugang ◽  
Bonaventure Tientche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Health District ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Aims: The study measured the level of knowledge and attitudes towards malaria and examined associated factors among caregivers of under-five children. Study Design: The study was community-based, descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Buea Health District (BHD) from February to June 2020. Methodology: Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the caregivers of under-fives. The above mean scores were used to determine the level of knowledge. The attitude levels were measured by using 3-point Likert scales. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with knowledge and attitude. SPSS software version 20.0 was used for analysis. Results: Out of the 390 respondents, 69.5% of them had a neutral attitude. Meanwhile, 27.7 % of participants carried a favorable attitude towards malaria and only 2.8 % of them had an unfavorable attitude, Caregivers of under-five children who scored below the mean score were 25.1 % which was considered having poor knowledge and above the mean score was 74.9% which was considered good knowledge. In the multivariable logistic analysis, caregivers with a primary school level of education were 4.1 times (AOR = 4.1, CI = 1.486-11.102) times more likely of receiving a high malaria knowledge score as compared to those with no formal education. Factors associated with caregiver's attitude level towards malaria risk were educational level and marital status which showed significant associations in the univariate analysis Conclusion: Caregivers of under-fives displayed a good knowledge of malaria risk factors. However, in these endemic areas for malaria, caregiver attitude was found to be unenthusiastic and unresponsive, and this poses additional challenges in reaching the malaria elimination goal. Thus, suggesting that educational messages during the campaign should be contextual to reach out to local communities to trigger a positive behavioural change.

scholarly journals Hierarchical disentanglement of contextual from compositional risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
A. Olalekan Uthman ◽  
Latifat Ibisomi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractSeveral studies have documented the burden and risk factors associated with diarrhoea in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). To the best of our knowledge, the contextual and compositional factors associated with diarrhoea across LMIC were poorly operationalized, explored and understood in these studies. We investigated multilevel risk factors associated with diarrhoea among under-five children in LMIC. We analysed diarrhoea-related information of 796,150 under-five children (Level 1) nested within 63,378 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 57 LMIC (Level 3) using the latest data from cross-sectional and nationally representative Demographic Health Survey conducted between 2010 and 2018. We used multivariable hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression models for data analysis. The overall prevalence of diarrhoea was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2–14.7) ranging from 3.8% in Armenia to 31.4% in Yemen. The odds of diarrhoea was highest among male children, infants, having small birth weights, households in poorer wealth quintiles, children whose mothers had only primary education, and children who had no access to media. Children from neighbourhoods with high illiteracy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.07, 95% credible interval (CrI) 1.04–1.10] rates were more likely to have diarrhoea. At the country-level, the odds of diarrhoea nearly doubled (aOR = 1.88, 95% CrI 1.23–2.83) and tripled (aOR = 2.66, 95% CrI 1.65–3.89) among children from countries with middle and lowest human development index respectively. Diarrhoea remains a major health challenge among under-five children in most LMIC. We identified diverse individual-level, community-level and national-level factors associated with the development of diarrhoea among under-five children in these countries and disentangled the associated contextual risk factors from the compositional risk factors. Our findings underscore the need to revitalize existing policies on child and maternal health and implement interventions to prevent diarrhoea at the individual-, community- and societal-levels. The current study showed how the drive to the attainment of SDGs 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 will enhance the attainment of SDG 3.

scholarly journals A Study to Assess Effectiveness of Instructional Teaching Programme on Level of Knowledge and Practices of Prevention of Pneumonia among Mothers of under Five Children in Selected Villages, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
P. Jegin ◽  
S. Subbulakshmi ◽  
M. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
J. Dayana ◽  
E. Elakiya
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean

Back ground: An experimental study was conducted to assess the effects of instructional teaching programme (ITP) on knowledge and practices of mothers regarding prevention of pneumonia in children, Pooncherry, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.Objectives of the study were to assess the effectiveness of ITP on prevention of pneumonia on level of knowledge and practices among mothers of under five children. Materials and Methods: Non probability purposive technique was adopted for this study. Samples who met inclusion criteria were participated in the study. Self-structured interview schedule for knowledge  and structured rating scale for practices were used to collect the data. Results: The study results shows that in the pre test 15.13 % of the mothers had adequate knowledge, 24.34 % of the mothers were had moderately adequate knowledge and 60.53 % of the mothers had inadequate knowledge and  and in post test 63.17% of mothers were had adequate knowledge, 28.94% of the mothers had moderately adequate knowledge and very few (8.55% ) mothers had inadequate knowledge. Pre test practices score shows that 63.82 % of the mothers had less desirable practice, 22.37% of the mothers had moderate desirable practices and 13.81% were had highly desirable practices whereas in the post test 63.82% of them had highly desirable practice, 23.03% of them had moderate desirable practices and 13.16% of them had less desirable practices. The mean pretest knowledge score was 5.45 ± 1.47 and the mean posttest knowledge score was 8.49 ± 0.71 and the t value was 15.17, it shows that statistically there was an improvement in the post test knowledge score. The mean pretest practice score was 22.38 ± 2.76, the mean posttest practice score was 43.64 ±1.97 and the t value was 13.35, it shows that statistically there was a significant improvement in the post test practice score. The instructional teaching programme on prevention of pneumonia was statistically effective in promoting the knowledge and desirable practices among mothers.

scholarly journals A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Vitamin A Deficiency and Its Prophylaxis among Mothers of Under Five Children at Selected village at Tamilnadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Roslin Mangaiyarkarasi. M. ◽  
Kumudhavalli. D ◽  
R. Karthi
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Structured Teaching ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Aim: to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding vitamin A deficiency and its prophylaxis among mothers of under five children. Objectives: (1). To assess the knowledge and attitude among mothers of under five children on vitamin A deficiency and its Prophylaxis. (2). To find the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme in terms of gaining knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding Vitamin A deficiency and its prophylaxis for under five children. (3). To find association between the pre test level of knowledge and attitude among mothers of under five children with their selected demographic variables. Methodology: A pre experimental research design was adopted for the study. 50 samples were selected by using non probability convenience sampling technique. The pre and post test level knowledge and attitude was assessed by using structured knowledge questionnaires and attitude scale respectively. Results: The pre test mean was 7.76 with the standard deviation of 2.17 and the post test mean was 16.68 with the standard deviation of 1.81. The mean difference of pre and post test is 8.92; standard error is 0.281. The ‘T’ value is 31.74 is Highly Significant at p<0.05.The pre test mean was 8.98 with the standard deviation of 3.47 and the post test mean was 24.56 with the standard deviation of 3.45. The mean difference of pre and post test is 15.58; standard error is 0.43. The ‘T’ value is 36.23 is Highly Significant p<0.05. Hence it indicates the knowledge and attitude level of mothers are improved after structured teaching programme. Conclusion: The study concluded that structured teaching programme was effective and improved knowledge and attitude regarding vitamin A deficiency and its prophylaxis among mothers of under five children. Keywords: structured teaching programme, Vitamin A, Prophylaxis.

Knowledge on Childhood Dental Caries Among Parents of Under Five Children in A Community at Biratnagar, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Sarmila Pradhan ◽  
Deepika Khadgi ◽  
Namita Yengden ◽  
Karishma Khadgi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Dental caries is a major public health problem globally and is one of the most chronic diseases in children. Children are susceptible to caries as soon as the first teeth appear. Parents are the primary decision-makers in matters of children's healthcare. If the parents are knowledgeable about the child's oral health care then childhood dental caries can be prevented. The objective of this study was to identify the knowledge on childhood dental caries among parents of under five children. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out among parents of under five children in a community of Biratnagar 12. Sample was selected using non probability purposive sampling method and data was collected by face-to-face interview using a self-developed, semi-structured interview guideline. Descriptive statistics i.e. frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation was used to assess the level of knowledge and inferential statistics i.e chi square was used to find the association between dependent and independent variables. About three fourths (71%) of the parents were of age group 20-30 years and 88% of them were mothers. Most of the parents (90%) were aware that dental caries can occur in under five children and excessive sugar intake was the most common cause as reported by all of them. Only 40% knew that dental caries is transmissible and among them 97.6% responded by sharing of toothbrush. Regarding good brushing habit, most of the parents were aware. Almost all (95%) knew that proper tooth brushing helps to prevent dental caries whereas only 19% were aware about use of fluoridated tooth paste as preventive measures. Meanwhile, only 12% of the parents were aware that first dental visit should be done when first tooth erupts or within 1 year of age More than half (79%) had good knowledge on childhood dental caries but there was no association of knowledge with socio-demographic variables. The study concluded that more than half of the respondents had good knowledge on childhood dental caries and none of the socio-demographic variables were associated with the level of knowledge of parents on dental caries. Despite good knowledge, prevalence of childhood dental caries is high in our society thus reflecting the need to assess the practice of dental care.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Rotaviral Diarrhoea among Under Five Children in Sylhet Region of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Farjana Binte Habib ◽  
Mohammed Mirazur Rahman ◽  
Md Moynul Haque ◽  
Probhat Ranjan Dey ◽  
Premananda Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children

Retrovirus is the major cause of acute severe diarrhea in under five children and contributing 10,000 to 27000 deaths each year in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the risk factors associated with Rotaviral among under five children admitted in the Department of Paediatrics, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the Department of Microbiology during the period from 1st January to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 under five children with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 86 cases.The Rotavirus infection was found highest in age group of 7 to 12 months (50.56%) and in male (59.30%) children. It was found significantly higher in patients from lower socio-economic condition (64.00%), those who were from rural area (48.75%) and children who were not exclusively breastfed (83.87%). Bottle feeding, lower educational level of mother and overweight of children may serve as predisposing factors of rotavirus disease in these children. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 32-37

scholarly journals Baseline Assessment of Risk Factors of Presumptive Tuberculosis among under Five Children Living with an Index Client under Treatment in Mbale District, Eastern Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rosemary Tumusiime ◽  
Charles Mukasa ◽  
Agatha K Kisakya-Maria ◽  
Irene Mildred Neumbe ◽  
Jerome Odyeny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Background and Aims: Children in contact with adults having pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) are vulnerable to TB infection and hence contact tracing and screening is important for early detection of infection. However, there are few contacts traced and the prevalence and risk factors for transmission are not well studied. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection and risk factors associated with TB transmission among under five children in household contact with adult pulmonary TB patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in three health facilities with a high TB burden in Mbale District, Eastern Uganda involving all under five household contacts of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis recorded in the TB register from October 2018 to March 2019 and still on treatment. Structured questionnaires were administered to the index clients to obtain their demographic and clinical data about TB, HIV as well as information on the children. Children were screened using the intensive case finding forms to identify presumptive cases. Results: The total number of index TB Clients line listed were 70. Number of clients traced was 38, 21 (%) of whom had children under five years and a total of 33 children were identified. The number of presumptive cases was 9/33 (27.27%). 77.8% of the presumptive cases were living in poorly ventilated houses. Conclusion: The study identified children with presumptive TB and various risk factors for TB transmission. Intensive contact tracing can therefore help reduce TB transmission within the communities. It is recommended to undertake studies aiming at improving contact tracing and strategies to eliminate the risk factors to TB transmission.

Knowledge and attitude regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries among mothers of under-five children in Paediatrics units at Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry

2021 ◽  
pp. 347-350
Author(s):  
Alwyna Sandy ◽  
Anne Jenefer. G ◽  
Aarthika R ◽  
Aarthy D ◽  
Abirami S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Home Safety ◽  
Unintentional Injuries ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Introduction: Children are like butterflies. They really love to explore the living surroundings they live. The environment they live has many potential hazards. Unintentional injuries are mainly responsible for many injury and death in children especially under five children. But most of the potential risks can be avoided if the parents of under five children are aware of the risk factors in their surroundings and children should be properly taken care by their parents. There are many causes of injury and death among children but most of the leading causes are Drowning, Falling, Burns, Choking and Poisoning. Educating and giving awareness to parents about the preventive measures which should be adopted to prevent these injuries can save the children especially under five thereby reducing the mortality rate upto 90 percentage. Statement of Problem: A Study to Assess the level of Knowledge and Attitude regarding Home safety measures on unintentional injuries among mothers of under- five children at Paediatric units, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry. Objectives: 1. To assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries among mothers of under five children. 2. To find out the association between level of knowledge and attitude regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries among mothers of under five children with selected demographic variables. Methodology: Data was collected over a period of one week in march 2020.Exploratory research approach is used in this study and descriptive research design is used to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries among mothers of under five children. Mothers of under five children who fulfil inclusion criteria were selected using Purposive Sampling Technique and the sample size is 67. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. The data collected will be analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Fisherman exact test was used to test the association between level of knowledge regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries among mothers of under five children with selected demographic variables. Results: In the present study, level of knowledge of mothers of under five children regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries revealed that 21(31.34%) were having inadequate knowledge, 37(55.22%) mothers were having moderately adequate knowledge, 9 (13.43%) mothers were having adequate knowledge regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries. The level of attitude of mothers of under five children regarding home safety measures revealed that 67(100%) of the mothers were having favourable attitude regarding home safety measures on unintentional injuries. Conclusion: The researchers gave health education leaflets to all the mothers of under-five children in order to improve the knowledge of the mother so that risks of unintentional injury can be reduced thereby reducing mortality rate of under five children.

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