scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus carrier among staff of a tertiary eye hospital in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Rajiv Khandekar ◽  
RuhiA Khan ◽  
Anwar Ahmed ◽  
Anita Sapitan ◽  
Azza Maktabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated in 11 Asian Countries: a Proposal for a New Nomenclature for SCCmec Elements

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piriyaporn Chongtrakool ◽  
Teruyo Ito ◽  
Xiao Xue Ma ◽  
Yoko Kondo ◽  
Suwanna Trakulsomboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACT A description of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements carried by 615 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated in 11 Asian countries is reported, and a novel nomenclatural system based on their structures is proposed. The 615 strains were classified as type 3A (370 strains), type 2A (207 strains), type 2B (32 strains), type 1B (1 strain), and nontypeable (5 strains). The previously reported type III SCCmec (DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank accession no. AB037671) carried by the MRSA strain 85/2082 was ascertained to be composed of two SCC elements, type 3A SCCmec and SCCmercury. PCR analysis indicated that 310 of 370 type 3A SCCmec strains carried both SCC elements. These strains were prevalent in eight countries: Thailand, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, India, and Singapore. The remaining 60 type 3A SCCmec strains differed with respect to the left extremity polymorphism or to the presence of ccrC. Among these, two were identified as carrying only type 3A SCCmec elements, but their left extremities differed. Type 2A SCCmec strains predominated in Korea and Japan, although the frequency of the presence of ant(4′)-1 gene downstream of mecA varied (53% for Korean strains; 93% for Japanese strains). Various SCCmec elements were identified in the tested strains, and limited numbers were identified by their multilocus sequence typing genotypes. These data suggest that numerous MRSA clones are disseminated in Asian hospitals, and these consist of minor clones that are presumed to have arisen locally and major clones that are presumed to have been introduced from other countries.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus metrics for patients in Saudi Arabia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Nazeer ◽  
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends essential measures to "combat drug resistance", including instituting surveillance "everywhere". Standardized metrics are crucial for reliable surveillance. Studies publish metrics with varying definitions for multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO). The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) proposed standardized metrics for MDRO for consistent reporting, identifying high-risk groups, and evaluating interventions. Methodology: We retrieved 73 studies through PubMed using the search terms "methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus", "MRSA", and "Saudi Arabia". We selected 20 studies that reported MRSA incidence or prevalence in patients and/or percentage among Staphylococcus aureus isolates and evaluated these metrics against the closest matching SHEA/HICPAC metrics. Results: We outlined issues applicable to MRSA metrics such as comparison of risk-unadjusted metrics; their pooling for different hospitals; not accounting for post-discharge infections; non-specification of AST-based, and healthcare and community associated infections' related, standardized metrics by SHEA/HICPAC; and appropriate temporal criteria for nosocomial infections. We elaborated salient features of reviewed metrics versus their SHEA/HICPAC complements. Terminology and definitions of reviewed metrics differed from SHEA/HICPAC counterparts. Some did not satisfy the epidemiological or statistical criteria for their reported category; e.g. prevalence indicators were classified as incidence and vice versa. Conclusions: SHEA/HICPAC metrics would be useful for future studies. Our results show an imminent need for an international consensus on fundamental MDRO surveillance metrics; illustrate surveillance scenarios requiring standardized metrics; identify some indicators from Saudi studies supplementing SHEA/HICPAC metrics; and underscore SHEA/HICPAC's advice for avoiding comparison of risk-unadjusted metrics between hospitals.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Processed Food Samples in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashael J. Alghizzi ◽  
Maysoon Alansari ◽  
Ashwag Shami
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Staphylococcus aureus mainly Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is a life-threatening infection that occurring in food and caused a public health concern. This study designed to examine the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA in different types of processed food. Food samples were screened for the recovered strains of S. aureus and MRSA, and they were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and by molecular characterization of mecA and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec(SCCmec). Detection of virulence factors like Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), Staphylococcus aureus protein A(spa) and Staphylococcal enterotoxins(SEs) by PCR using specific primers. Among the 150 collected processed food samples, 62.7% were contaminated by S. aureus bacteria, 56.4% of which were proved as MRSA. 17% of MRSA isolates were positive for mecA genes with the SCCmec type IVb and V (11.1% each) as the solely existing types of SCCmec. None of the MRSA isolates carried mecC or mecB genes. Most of MRSA isolates were multidrug resistance and 33.3% of MRSA-mecA positive isolates also carried vancomycin resistance genes (i.e., vanB). In addition, spa gene was found among 7.5% of MRSA isolates; none of which were positive for PVL gene. Further, there were variant presence of SEs among MRSA isolates and the highest presence was from type SEH (49.1%). Generally, our results confirmed that processed foods in Saudi Arabia (Riyadh) are potential vehicles for multidrug resistant S. aureus and MRSA transmission; which are serious public health risks, and underlined the need for good hygiene practices.

scholarly journals Diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus CC22-MRSA-IV from Saudi Arabia and the Gulf region

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Senok ◽  
Ali Somily ◽  
Adeola Raji ◽  
Darius Gawlik ◽  
Fatimah Al-Shahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Methicillin Resistant
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