scholarly journals Pharmacological Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Clinical Strategies

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. JCNSD.S6691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Shier ◽  
Thomas Reichenbacher ◽  
Harinder S. Ghuman ◽  
Jaswinder K. Ghuman

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood that can result in significant functional impairment, and if not adequately treated can lead to impaired quality of life. Pharmacotherapy is considered the first-line treatment for ADHD in children and adolescents. We review both recent literature and seminal studies regarding the pharmacological treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents. There is ample evidence for the efficacy and safety of both stimulants and non-stimulants in the treatment of ADHD. We review important aspects of evaluation and assessment and discuss first-line pharmacological treatments and as well as when to consider using alternative pharmacological agents. Treatment approaches to manage frequently seen comorbid disorders with ADHD are also covered.

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcone de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Mayke Felipe Dias Marinho ◽  
Stela Maris Aguiar Lemos

Abstract Objective: To identify associations between clinical characteristics of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their sociodemographic aspects, quality of life, and results from the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Methods: This is an observational analytical cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample consisting of 72 children diagnosed with ADHD, aged 6 to 13 years, treated at 2 neuropediatric outpatient clinics. The instruments used were the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder – Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV (MTA-SNAP-IV), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB), and the Quality of Life Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (AUQEI). We performed descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses, considering a 5% significance level. Results: SDQ results were associated with abnormal MTA-SNAP-IV results (inattentive/hyperactive/combined). A 1-point increment in the SDQ score increased by 36.5% the likelihood of the child having an abnormal MTA-SNAP-IV classification. Regarding AUQEI, 30.6% of participants perceived their quality of life as poor and 69.4% as good. Conclusions: A higher SDQ score increased the child's chance of having an abnormal MTA-SNAP-IV result.


Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 701-707
Author(s):  
Thamara Palma Marifil ◽  
Daniel Carroza Sepulveda ◽  
Romina Torres Lorca ◽  
Carlos Poblete-Aro ◽  
Cynthia Cadagan ◽  
...  

  Introducción: El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad es una condición que se asocia a inatención, hiperactividad e impulsividad y puede persistir hasta la edad adulta incidiendo en el deterioro social, académico y funcional. El ejercicio físico ha demostrado ser favorable para generar cambios positivos en la persona que padece cualquier enfermedad, mejorando así su calidad de vida. Sin embargo, los juegos deportivos no tienen un consenso como herramienta terapéutica en este trastorno. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el efecto de los juegos pre deportivos en niños y adolescentes entre 5 y 18 años con trastornos de déficit atencional e hiperactividad, en la impulsividad, inatención, hiperactividad y autocontrol a través de una revisión a la literatura. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en distintas bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, WoS y Scielo (artículos en inglés y español) con las palabras clave ("Child" OR "Adolescent") AND ("Sport") AND ("attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity" OR "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder"). Se incluyeron artículos desde el año 2010 hasta el 2020 y se realizó con fecha 10 de diciembre del 2020. Resultados: De un total de 392 artículos encontrados en las bases de datos, sólo cinco artículos cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y de exclusión, de los cuales tres artículos muestran mejoras en el comportamiento social, dos muestran mejoras en la agresividad, mientras que en la variable de hiperactividad, un artículo mostró mejoras significativas mientras que otro no. Conclusión: Las actividades físico deportivas colectivos o grupales, proporcionan beneficios a los estudiantes que padecen Trastorno de déficit atención e hiperactividad. Abstract: Introduction: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity is a disorder associated with inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity and can persist into adulthood, affecting social, academic and functional deterioration. Physical exercise has proven to be favorable for generating positive changes in the person suffering from any disease, thus improving their quality of life. However, sports games do not have a consensus as a therapeutic tool in this disorder. Objective: The objective of this research is to determine the effect of pre-sport games in children and adolescents between 5 and 18 years old with Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity on impulsivity, inattention, hyperactivity and self-control through a review of the literature. Methodology: A search was carried out in different databases PubMed, Scopus, WoS and Scielo (articles in English and Spanish) with the keywords ('Child' OR 'Adolescent') AND ('Sport') AND ('attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity 'OR' Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder '). Articles were included from 2010 to 2020 and it was carried out on December 10, 2020. Results: Out of a total of 392 articles found in the databases, only five articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which three articles show improvements in social behavior, two show improvements in aggressiveness, while in the variable of hyperactivity, one article showed significant improvements while another did not. Conclusion: Individual or group physical sports activities provide benefits to students who suffer from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.


2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio López-Villalobos ◽  
Ana María Sacristán-Martín ◽  
Mercedes Garrido-Redondo ◽  
María Teresa Martínez-Rivera ◽  
María Victoria López-Sánchez ◽  
...  

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