Feeding subtherapeutic antimicrobials to low-risk cattle does not confer consistent performance benefits

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Stanford ◽  
D. J. Gibb ◽  
K. S. Schwartzkopf-Genswein ◽  
F. Van Herk ◽  
T. A. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Consistent Performance

Stanford, K., Gibb, D. J., Schwartzkopf-Genswein, K. S., Van Herk, F. and McAllister, T. A. 2015. Feeding subtherapeutic antimicrobials to low-risk cattle does not confer consistent performance benefits. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 589–597. Two-hundred and forty steers were obtained from the same ranch in each of 2 yr. Growth performance, health status and carcass characteristics from steers fed subtherapeutic antimicrobials were compared with those of control steers without antimicrobial metaphylaxis. Experimental groups included Control, not fed antimicrobials; CTCS-700, fed 350 mg head−1 d−1 chlortetracycline (CTC) and 350 mg head−1 d−1 sulfamethazine; CTC-11, fed 11 mg kg−1 CTC; TYL, fed 11 mg kg−1 tylosin phosphate; and CTC-350, fed 350 mg head−1 d−1 CTC. Steers were housed in pens of 10 steers and fed antimicrobials during both backgrounding and finishing periods. The incidence of bovine respiratory disease, pinkeye and bloat did not differ among experimental groups, although the incidence of foot rot was lower in Control steers (P<0.05) than in steers receiving TYL. In both years of the study, overall performance (backgrounding+finishing) was not improved by subtherapeutic antimicrobials. Similarly, carcass characteristics and the incidence and severity of liver abscesses were not improved compared with Control steers by feeding subtherapeutic antimicrobials. The results of the present study demonstrate that low-risk steers may be managed in small pens with equivalent growth performance, carcass characteristics and health status to steers fed subtherapeutic antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Use of barley or corn silage when fed with barley, corn, or a blend of barley and corn on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
John J McKinnon ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Gregory B Penner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the source of silage, cereal grain, and their interaction on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Using a completely randomized design within an 89-d finishing study, 288 steers were randomly assigned to 1 of 24 pens (12 steers/pen) with average steer body weight (BW) within a pen of 464 kg ± 1.7 kg (mean ± SD). Diets were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with corn silage (CS) or barley silage (BS) included at 8% (dry matter [DM] basis). Within each silage source, diets contained dry-rolled barley grain (BG; 86% of DM), dry-rolled corn grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of BG and CG (BCG; 85% of DM). Total tract digestibility of nutrients was estimated from fecal samples using near-infrared spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with pen as the experimental unit using the Mixed Model of SAS with the fixed effects of silage, grain, and the two-way interaction. Carcass and fecal kernel data were analyzed using GLIMMIX utilizing the same model. There were no interactions detected between silage and grain source. Feeding CG increased (P &lt; 0.01) DM intake by 0.8 and 0.6 kg/d relative to BG and BCG, respectively. Gain-to-feed ratio was greater (P = 0.04) for BG (0.172 kg/kg) than CG (0.162 kg/kg) but did not differ from BCG (0.165 kg/kg). Furthermore, average daily gain (2.07 kg/d) and final body weight did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.25). Hot carcass weight (HCW) was 6.2 kg greater (372.2 vs. 366.0 kg; P &lt; 0.01) and dressing percentage was 0.57 percentage units greater (59.53 vs. 58.96 %; P = 0.04) for steers fed CS than BS, respectively. There was no effect of dietary treatment on the severity of liver abscesses (P ≥ 0.20) with 72.0% of carcasses having clear livers, 24.4% with minor liver abscesses, and 3.6% with severe liver abscesses. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch were greater for BG (P &lt; 0.01) than CG or BCG. As expected, grain source affected the appearance of grain kernels in the feces (P ≤ 0.04). Feeding CS silage increased the appearance of fractured corn kernels (P = 0.04), while feeding BS increased fiber appearance in the feces (P = 0.02). Current results indicate that when dry rolled, feeding BG resulted in improved performance and digestibility compared with CG and BCG. Even at low inclusion levels (8% of DM), CS resulted in improved carcass characteristics relative to BS.

Effect of bovine respiratory disease during preconditioning on subsequent feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and beef attributes1,2

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 2486-2499 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Holland ◽  
L. O. Burciaga-Robles ◽  
D. L. VanOverbeke ◽  
J. N. Shook ◽  
D. L. Step ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feedlot Performance

scholarly journals Effects of using essential oil of Lavandula stoechas in quail feed on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Ouafa Laghouati ◽  
Fodil Arbouche ◽  
Yasmine Arbouche
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of essential oil of Lavandula stoechas (Lavender) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status of quails. Materials and Methods: A group of 600 1-day-old Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix japonica), with an average weight of 6.8±0.2 g and a 1:1 sex ratio, were randomly assigned to four groups (150 chicks/group): three experimental groups which depend on the incorporation of lavender oil (LO) in the different phases of breeding and one control group. The experimental groups received a supplement of 1 g LO per kg of feed distributed sequentially throughout the entire 42-day breeding period. Results: No deaths were recorded throughout the breeding period. Highly significant differences were observed among the groups with regard to body weight measured on day 20 and day 42 (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). The addition of LO was accompanied by reductions in liver weights; furthermore, LO had a significant effect on the pH, water content, and fat content of the meat (p<0.05). Administration of LO had a measurable effect on the endogenous intestinal population of Lactobacillus, and the bacterial load (including those of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) was significantly reduced. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that supplementing quail feed with LO has a profound effect on their growth as well as antimicrobial effects.

scholarly journals Supplementation of Live Yeast, Mannan Oligosaccharide, and Organic Selenium during the Adaptation Phase of Newly Arrived Beef Cattle: Effects on Health Status, Immune Functionality, and Growth Performance

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1114
Author(s):  
Silvia Grossi ◽  
Matteo Dell’Anno ◽  
Luciana Rossi ◽  
Riccardo Compiani ◽  
Carlo Angelo Sgoifo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Live Yeast

The effect of a nutraceutical mixture, based on live yeast (LY), mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) and organic selenium (Se) on health status, as well as immune functionality and growth performance in the fattening of newly received beef cattle, was evaluated. A total of 1036 Charolaise heifers were allocated into two experimental groups: (i) control group, without any nutraceutical support (n = 487; initial weight = 325 ± 21 kg); and (ii) treatment group, supplementation during the first 30 days, with LY (5 g/head/day), organic Se (3 mg/head/day), and MOS (10 g/head/day) (n = 549; initial weight = 323 ± 23 kg). The incidence of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and other health issues was monitored, as well as the mortality rate. Blood samples were taken at d0 and d30 to evaluate the immune functionality and the inflammatory status. Growth performances, feces chemical composition, and carcass characteristics were recorded. The BRD occurrence tended to be reduced (p = 0.06) in the Treatment group. The BHV-1 antibody production after vaccination was significantly improved (p = 0.031), as well as the bactericidal activity (p = 0.0012) in the Treatment group. No differences were found in the inflammatory status parameters. The final weight (p = 0.006) and the average daily gain at d30 (p < 0.0001) were significantly improved by the treatment. No differences were found in terms of carcass characteristics, while the fecal content of NDF (p < 0.0001), ADF (p = 0.0003), and starch (p < 0.0001) were significantly reduced by the treatment. The result of the present study suggests that the nutraceutical mixture used can support the animal’s immune systems, improving its ability to react against pathogens, as well as feed efficiency and growth performances during the whole fattening period.

scholarly journals PSVI-2 The effect of a recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxoid on the health and growth performance of high-risk, newly received stocker cattle metaphylactically treated with tilmicosin

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Autumn T Pickett ◽  
Jase Ball ◽  
Elizabeth Kegley ◽  
Ken Blue ◽  
Jacob A Hagenmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Mannheimia Haemolytica ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bovine Virus Diarrhea

Abstract Crossbred male beef calves (n = 259; bulls = 134, steers = 125; body weight = 250 ± 3.4 kg) approximately 6 months of age and considered high-risk for developing bovine respiratory disease arrived on 3 dates (block) and were stratified by arrival castrate status and weight to be evenly distributed across pens (8 pens/block; 9 to 12 calves/pen). The pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) Nuplura PH (administration of a Mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxoid at processing) or 2) Control (no M. haemolytica leukotoxoid). All cattle received tilmicosin on d 0 with a 5-d post-metaphylactic interval. Body weights were recorded on d -1, 0, 14, 28, 41 and 42. Blood was collected on d -1, 14, 28, and 42 and sera were harvested to determine serum neutralization titers for bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) type I and bovine anti-M. haemolytica leukotoxin antibodies. Calves were observed daily for signs of morbidity. Body weight and average daily gain were not affected (P ≥ 0.26) by treatment. The percentage of calves administered 1, 2, or 3 antibiotic treatments for clinical bovine respiratory disease did not differ (P ≥ 0.35). There was a tendency for mortality to be greater for Control compared to Nuplura PH (1.6 vs 0.0%; P = 0.10). Calves administered Nuplura PH possessed greater antibody response against M. haemolytica leukotoxin on d 14, 28, and 42 compared to Control calves (P &lt; 0.01). There was no treatment × day interaction for antibody titers against BVD (P = 0.98). The use of a M. haemolytica leukotoxoid had no effect on growth performance and morbidity for the 42-d following receiving in this small-pen study, but reduced the incidence of mortality and did not interfere with antibody response to BVD vaccination in high-risk, newly received calves metaphylactically treated with tilmicosin on arrival.

250 Effects of Bunk Management and Bulk Density of Steam-flaked Corn on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Liver Score of Finishing Beef Cattle Fed Diets Without Tylosin Phosphate

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 127-128
Author(s):  
Taylor M Smock ◽  
Dale Woerner ◽  
Kristin E Hales
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract One hundred ninety-two beef steers (BW = 332 ± 8.2 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of differing bunk management and bulk density of steam-flaked corn (SFC) in a randomized complete block design. A factorial arrangement of treatments was used with: 1) slick bunk management (SBM) + 335 g/L SFC; 2) modified ad libitum bunk management (MAL) + 335 g/L SFC; 3) SBM + 425 g/L SFC; 4) MAL+ 425 g/L SFC. Steers were randomly assigned to treatment within BW block, with 12 pen replications per treatment. Data were analyzed using a mixed model with fixed effects of bunk management, SFC bulk density, and their interaction. Block was included as a random effect. Bunk management strategy did not affect growth performance, carcass characteristics, or liver abscess score (P &gt; 0.10). The average daily gain (ADG) of steers fed 425 g/L SFC was greater (P = 0.05) from days 35 to 105 than those fed 335 g/L SFC; however, overall ADG did not differ (P = 0.36). The DMI of steers fed 425 g/L SFC was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than those fed 335 g/L SFC. Gain-to-feed of steers fed 425 g/L SFC tended (P = 0.10) to be lesser from days 0 to 35 but did not differ overall (P ≥ 0.12). Steers fed 425 g/L SFC tended to have greater backfat and calculated empty body fat (P ≤ 0.07) than those fed 335 g/L SFC and had a greater calculated yield grade (P = 0.05). Steers fed 425 g/L SFC had 43.51% fewer (P = 0.04) liver abscesses. Bunk management strategy did not impact growth performance or carcass characteristics; whereas, SFC processed to 425 g/L increased DMI, fat thickness, and yield grade while resulting in a decreased proportion of liver abscesses.

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