INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE STRAIN OF FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM SCHWABE IN ZEARALENONE PRODUCTION

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1095-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. NAIK ◽  
L. V. BUSCH ◽  
G. L. BARRON
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Five strains of Fusarium graminearum isolated from maize in Ontario were evaluated for zearalenone production relative to incubation temperature. All strains produced significant amounts of zearalenone at 25 °C. Toxin production was enhanced by temperature stress (reducing the incubation temperature to 10 °C following a period of growth at 25 °C) in only one of the strains tested.

Thermal influence on the embryonic development and hatching rate of the flameback pygmy angelfish Centropyge aurantonotus eggs

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Raoani Cruz Mendonça ◽  
Sarah Pittigliani Ikebata ◽  
Sérgio Leandro Araújo-Silva ◽  
João Vitor Azevedo Manhães ◽  
Mônica Yumi Tsuzuki
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Hatching Rates

SummaryThe flameback pygmy angelfish Centropyge aurantonotus, highly appreciated and valued by the aquarium market, is heavily harvested and traded. Temperature is one of the abiotic factors that has the most influence on fish development, especially in the early stages of life. For captive production, it is essential to know the appropriate environmental parameters for each species. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of temperature on the embryonic development and hatching rates of C. aurantonotus incubated at six different temperatures (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30°C). Embryonic development events were very similar in terms of morphological and chronological characteristics compared with other species of the genus Centropyge. Incubation time was inversely proportional to temperature. The treatment at 22°C required twice the time of that required by 30°C treatment for hatching to occur. The best incubation temperature range was 24–28°C. Values below 22°C and at 30°C showed lower hatching rates compared with other treatments. Based on these results, the recommended temperature at which to incubate C. aurantonotus eggs is between 24–28°C.

scholarly journals Transmission of Cyclocoelum mutabile (Digenea) to snails: the influence of temperature on the egg and miracidium

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1745-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. McKindsey ◽  
J. Daniel McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Hatching Success ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Transmission ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Two Peaks

This study examined the survival and hatching dynamics of eggs of the digenean Cyclocoelum mutabile and the survivorship and infectivity of the miracidia under different temperature regimes. Hatching did not occur at or below 12 °C. Hatching success was similar at 14, 16, and 20 °C (69–73%). Two peaks in hatching were seen. Most eggs hatched within 12 h following immersion in water; a smaller hatching peak occurred about 24 h later. Storing eggs at 12 °C for up to 4 weeks prior to raising the incubation temperature to 14 °C had no effect on hatching success. However, hatching success was dependent on the source of the eggs. Between 62 and 71% of the eggs from faeces and 90–98% of the eggs dissected from flukes hatched under the same protocol. Miracidia hatching from eggs stored for 0–7 weeks at 7 °C prior to hatching at 14 °C did not differ in their infectivity to snails (75–86%). The survivorship of miracidia was higher at lower temperatures and when they were obtained from eggs dissected from the fluke. The longer survival and prolonged infectivity of miracidia at lower temperatures produced the highest transmission efficiency at 14 °C. These results are discussed in relation to the seasonal transmission and ecology of the fluke.

Effect of Cycling Temperatures on the Production of Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone by Fusarium graminearum NRRL 5883†

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1451-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOJIN RYU ◽  
LLOYD B. BULLERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Culture Material ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

The effects of three regimens of cycling incubation temperatures and incubation at constant 25°C on the growth of Fusarium graminearum NRRL 5883 and production of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) on rice were compared. The effects of low-temperature stress were also studied by incubating rice cultures at a constant 15°C for 4 weeks following incubation at constant 25°C for 2 weeks. Both incubation temperature and time significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected growth of F. graminearum NRRL 5883 and production of DON and ZEN. The highest amount of free ergosterol (640 μg/g culture material) that was used as a measure of fungal growth was found in cultures incubated at temperatures cycling between 15 and 30°C during a 6-week period. The highest amounts of DON (1,679 μg/g culture material) and ZEN (603 μg/g culture material) were produced in cultures incubated at a constant 25°C for 2 weeks prior to incubation at a constant 15°C for an additional 4 weeks. Under cycling incubation temperatures, maximum amounts of DON (850 μg/g culture material) and ZEN (98 μg/g culture material) were produced in cultures incubated at temperatures cycling between 15 and 30°C for 6 weeks. Overall, there was no correlation between mold growth and production of either DON or ZEN. However, DON production and ZEN production were correlated.

Minimum and Maximum Temperatures for Growth and Verotoxin Production by Hemorrhagic Strains of Escherichia coli

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMUEL A. PALUMBO ◽  
JEFFREY E. CALL ◽  
FRANKIE J. SCHULTZ ◽  
AARON C. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

The influence of temperature on growth and verotoxin production by Escherichia coli strains was studied in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth both in shake cultures at various temperatures and in a temperature-gradient incubator. All strains of E. coli surveyed grew from at least 10 to 45°C, with some strains growing at 8° C. Verotoxin production (determined using the Vero cell–assay system) was a function of both temperature and time, with the highest titers produced at temperatures supporting the fastest growth (based on days to visible turbidity) and highest viable cell counts. However, for strains producing verotoxin, toxin production was detected at any temperature supporting growth. Three strains (of 16 tested) increased 1000-fold in viable count in 4 to 6 days at 10°C. The data presented here indicate that most E. coli strains surveyed can easily grow at ca. 10°C and thus suggest the potential for growth in temperature-abused refrigerated foods.

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

The Influence of Temperature on Successful Reproductions of Burbot, Lota Lota (L.) Under Hatchery Conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Żarski ◽  
Dariusz Kucharczyk ◽  
Wojciech Sasinowski ◽  
Katarzyna Targońska ◽  
Andrzej Mamcarz
Keyword(s):  
Lota Lota ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On
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