EVALUATION DES CRITÈRES DE DIFFÉRENCIATION POUR LA CLASSIFICATION DE 92 MATÉRIAUX TOURBEUX DU QUÉBEC ET DE L’ONTARIO

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LÉVESQUE ◽  
H. DINEL ◽  
R. MARCOUX
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
Close Relationship

In order to evaluate the differentiation criteria for classification of organic soils, 92 peat-like materials have been characterized according to criteria generally used by the Canadian Pedological Commission (C.P.C.). The botanical composition and the Ca:Mg ratio have been added to these criteria. A close relationship was found (r = −0.865**) between the pyrophosphate indices obtained by the method adopted by C.P.C. and those measured using the Kaila method. The distribution of peat-like materials which are classified as fibric, mesic and humic was different depending on whether the differentiation criterion used was rubbed fibre or pyrophosphate index. A classification using the first criterion gives a dominant mesic population, while the second criterion favored the fibric group. The curvilinear relationship obtained between the content of rubbed fibres and the pyrophosphate index shows that the degree of decomposition measured by these criteria was proportional only for materials which are fundamentally fibric or humic. The mesic group is more or less well-defined by the two criteria. The botanical composition proved to be the most discriminatory differentiation element. Also, a previous grouping of the materials according to this criterion would ensure a more orderly and efficient utilization of the other characterization criteria, and would provide a better-defined differentiation of the mesic materials.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF PARATYPHOID BACILLI ISOLATED FROM CASES OF HOG-CHOLERA

1918 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Tenbroeck
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chronic Case ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Pathogenic Effect ◽  
Hog Cholera ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Paratyphoid Fever

During the course of some experimental work on hog-cholera, paratyphoid bacilli were isolated from 16 per cent of the pigs. Culturally these organisms are the same as paratyphoid 18 isolated from man, while they show several differences from hog-cholera bacilli. In their slight pathogenic effect on rabbits they also differ from the hog-cholera bacillus. In their agglutination in sera produced by the injection of living cultures, one of the cultures, isolated from a chronic case, corresponds to Bacillus enteritidis, while the other five are apparently in a class by themselves. They resemble paratyphoid ß more closely than hog-cholera bacilli, but the type of clumps formed and absorption experiments show that they are different from either. Whether these differences are enough to make it necessary to put them into a class by themselves is questionable, but the fact that when injected into rabbits they produce an immunity to the hog-cholera bacillus, while paratyphoid ß does not, is additional evidence in favor of such a classification. Complement fixation experiments have been of little value in differentiating the members of this group, but on the contrary show their close relationship. It seems probable that some of the cultures that are described in the literature as hog-cholera bacilli really belong to this group, which would account for much of the confusion that exists in the classification of the interesting, truly pathogenic bacillus that at one time was thought to be the cause of hog-cholera and in the series of animals with which we have worked has not appeared once. Whether the ingestion of pork containing these bacilli would cause disease in man is a question that can only be decided by a more careful bacteriological study of the organisms causing food poisonings and paratyphoid fever.

Changes in botanical composition on three farmlets subjected to different pasture and grazing management strategies

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 670 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Shakhane ◽  
J. M. Scott ◽  
R. Murison ◽  
C. Mulcahy ◽  
G. N. Hinch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Soil P

As part of the Cicerone Project’s farmlet experiment, conducted on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, between July 2000 and December 2006, this study assessed the effects of varying soil fertility, pasture species and grazing management on the botanical composition of three 53-ha farmlets subjected to different management strategies. Starting with the same initial conditions, the farmlets were managed to reach different target levels of soil phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S); Farmlet A aimed at 60 mg/kg of Colwell P and 10 mg/kg S (KCl40) whereas Farmlets B and C both aimed at 20 and 6.5 mg/kg of P and S, respectively. Pastures were renovated on six out of eight paddocks on Farmlet A, but only one paddock of each of Farmlets B (typical management) and C (intensive rotational grazing) was renovated. Flexible rotational grazing was employed on Farmlets A and B (each of eight paddocks) while Farmlet C used intensive rotational grazing over its 17 major paddocks, which were further subdivided into 37 subpaddocks. This paper focuses on the botanical composition dynamics observed across all three farmlets and the explanatory variables associated with those changes. Eight assessments of botanical composition were carried out at approximately annual intervals across each of the 37 major paddocks distributed across the farmlets and the results for each of 49 species were aggregated into seven functional groups for analysis. The strongest correlation found was a negative curvilinear relationship between sown perennial grasses (SPG) and warm-season grasses (WSG). The most significant factors affecting the functional group changes were soil P, sowing phase, paddock and date. These factors led to significant increases in SPG and correspondingly lower levels of WSG on Farmlet A compared with Farmlet B. Farmlets B and C experienced similar, declining levels of SPG, and increasing levels of WSG suggesting that intensive rotational grazing did not lead to substantial changes in botanical composition, compared with flexible rotational grazing, in spite of the fact that intensive rotational grazing had much longer grazing rests and shorter graze periods than the other two farmlets. Soil P levels were also significantly associated with levels of cool-season annual grasses, legumes and herbs, especially on Farmlet A. In general, the largest differences in botanical composition were between Farmlet A and the other two farmlets; these differences were most closely associated with those plants categorised as sown, introduced, C3 pasture species. The levels of legume were generally low on all farmlets, due largely to the dry seasons experienced over most of the trial. Efforts to increase the legume composition on all farmlets were more successful on Farmlet A than on the other two farmlets due, presumably, to higher soil fertility on Farmlet A. Farmlet C, with its long rest periods and short graze periods, had a small proportion of legumes, due to the competitive effects of the accumulated tall grass herbage between grazings. The ‘typical’ management of Farmlet B also resulted in low levels of legume as well as increased ‘patchiness’ of the pastures and increased numbers of thistles.

A Partial Classification of Waterfowl (Anatidae) Based on Single-Copy DNA

The Auk ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cort S. Madsen ◽  
Kevin P. McHugh ◽  
Siwo R. de Kloet
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Partial Classification ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Copy Dna ◽  
Single Copy Dna

Abstract Single-copy DNA-DNA hybridization was used to establish phylogenetic relationships among 13 species of waterfowl (Anatidae) chosen from 10 tribes. On the basis of UPGMA clustering of Delta Tm distances, we suggest that the tribes Anatini, Aythyini, Tadornini, Mergini, and Cairinini diverged more recently than the Anserini, Stictonettini, Oxyurini, Dendrocygnini, and Anseranatini. The Freckled Duck (Stictonetta naevosa, tribe Stictonettini) is only distantly related to the other Anatidae. Presumably the lineage diverged very early. The sheldgeese (tribe Tadornini) and the true geese (Anserini) are only remotely related. The Oxyurini, considered to be in the subfamily Anatinae, is remotely related to the other Anatidae. The Dendrocygnini form an isolated tribe with no close relationship to the swans and geese (subfamily Anserinae). We found that the screamers (Anhimidae) are distantly related to the Anatidae. A method to estimate missing cells in a data matrix of pairwise distances is presented.

Consistency in Latency Measurements and Interpretation of ABR Tracings

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne O. Olsen ◽  
Terri L. Pratt ◽  
Christopher D. Bauch
Keyword(s):  
The Other

Multichannel ABR recordings for 30 otoneurologic patients were reviewed independently by three audiologists to assess interjudge consistency in determining absolute latencies and overall interpretation of ABR results. Four months later, the tracings were reviewed a second time to evaluate intrajudge consistency in interpretation of ABR waveforms. Interjudge agreement in marking latencies for waves I, III, and V within 0.2 ms was on the order of 90% or better. Intrajudge consistency was slightly higher. Only rarely did inter- or intrajudge differences in latency measurements exceed 0.3 ms. Agreement in overall interpretation of ABR results as "normal" or "abnormal" was unanimous for 90% of the patients. Across pairs of judges, the agreement for "normal" and "abnormal" classification of the ABR tracings was 97%. Intrajudge consistency for "normal" and "abnormal" categorization of the ABR results was 100% for one judge, 97% for the other two judges.

RHYNCHOLITES AND THE PROBLEM OF NARROW AND BROAD CONCEPTION OF TAXONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Khuzina ◽  
V. N. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Artificial System ◽  
Broad Understanding

The paper considers a point of view, based on the conception of the broad understanding of taxons. According to this point of view, rhyncholites of the subgenus Dentatobeccus and Microbeccus are accepted to be synonymous with the genus Rhynchoteuthis, and subgenus Romanovichella is considered to be synonymous with the genus Palaeoteuthis. The criteria, exercising influence on the different approaches to the classification of rhyncholites, have been analyzed (such as age and individual variability, sexual dimorphism, pathological and teratological features, degree of disintegration of material), underestimation of which can lead to inaccuracy. Divestment of the subgenuses Dentatobeccus, Microbeccus and Romanovichella, possessing very bright morphological characteristics, to have an independent status and denomination to their synonyms, has been noted to be unjustified. An artificial system (any suggested variant) with all its minuses is a single probable system for rhyncholites. The main criteria, minimizing its negative sides and proving the separation of the new taxon, is an available mass-scale material. The narrow understanding of the genus, used in sensible limits, has been underlined to simplify the problem of the passing the view about the genus to the other investigators and recognition of rhyncholites for the practical tasks.

Somatoform disorders: diseases of the civilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
I. Kukhtevich
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Organic Basis ◽  
Autonomic Disorders ◽  
The One ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Functional autonomic disorders occupy a significant part in the practice of neurologists and professionals of other specialties as well. However, there is no generally accepted classification of such disorders. In this paper the authors tried to show that functional autonomic pathology corresponds to the concept of somatoform disorders combining syndromes manifested by visceral, borderline psychopathological, neurological symptoms that do not have an organic basis. The relevance of the problem of somatoform disorders is that on the one hand many health professionals are not familiar enough with manifestations of borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, often forming functional autonomic disorders, and on the other hand they overestimate somatoform symptoms that are similar to somatic diseases.

STUDY OF ORNAMENTS IN HUNTO SULTAN AMAY MOSQUE GORONTALO

ARTic ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Risti Puspita Sari Hunowu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Existing Form ◽  
The City ◽  
Dutch Colonial

This research is aimed at studying the Hunto Sultan Amay Mosque located in Gorontalo City. Hunto Sultan Amay Mosque is the oldest mosque in the city of Gorontalo The Hunto Sultan Amay Mosque was built as proof of Sultan Amay's love for a daughter and is a representation of Islam in Gorontalo. Researchers will investigate the visual form of the Hunto Sultan Amay Mosque which was originally like an ancient mosque in the archipelago. can be seen from the shape of the roof which initially used an overlapping roof and then converted into a dome as well as mosques in the world, we can be sure the Hunto Sultan Amay Mosque uses a dome roof after the arrival of Dutch Colonial. The researcher used a qualitative method by observing the existing form in detail from the building of the mosque with an aesthetic approach, reviewing objects and selecting the selected ornament giving a classification of the shapes, so that the section became a reference for the author as research material. Based on the analysis of this thesis, the form  of the Hunto Sultan Amay mosque as well as the mosques located in the archipelago and the existence of ornaments in the Hunto Sultan Amay Mosque as a decorative structure support the grandeur of a mosque. On the other hand, Hunto Mosque ornaments reveal a teaching. The form of a teaching is manifested in the form of motives and does not depict living beings in a realist or naturalist manner. the decorative forms of the Hunto Sultan Sultan Mosque in general tend to lead to a form of flora, geometric ornaments, and ornament of calligraphy dominated by the distinctive colors of Islam, namely gold, white, red, yellow and green.

Albrecht Durer and the 16TH Century Melancholy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Marcel Henrique Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Religious Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Deep Sense

Little has been discussed in academia about the close relationship between the Renaissance of the 16th century and melancholy humor, and esoteric elements arising mainly from Florentine Neoplatonism. The link between melancholy and esotericism becomes very clear when we analyze the gravure “Melencolia I” by Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528), composed of a significant number of symbols that refer to an esoteric religious culture that then emerged. Renaissance melancholy gained several nuances. On the one hand, it was considered a sin, a despicable mood characteristic of witches; on the other hand, a deep sense of inspiration typical of men of “genius”. This ambivalence also occurred in the firmament, as the melancholic people were guided by the dark planet Saturn, according to astrological belief. We also have the cultural scenario of the 16th century, especially in Dürer's Germany, which contributed to strengthening the melancholy issues.

scholarly journals A taxonomy of antonymy in Arabic: Egyptian and Saudi proverbs in comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-222
Author(s):  
Hamada Hassanein ◽  
Mohammad Mahzari
Keyword(s):  
Main Clause ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subordinate Clause ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Discourse Functions ◽  
Syntactic Frames

Abstract This study has set out to identify, quantify, typify, and exemplify the discourse functions of canonical antonymy in Arabic paremiography by comparing two manually collected datasets from Egyptian and Saudi (Najdi) dialects. Building upon Jones’s (2002) most extensive and often-cited classification of the discourse functions of antonyms as they co-occur within syntactic frames in news discourse, the study has substantially revised this classification and developed a provisional and dynamic typology thereof. Two major textual functions are found to be quantitatively significant and qualitatively preponderant: ancillarity (wherein an A-pair of canonical antonyms project their antonymicity onto a more important B-pair) and coordination (wherein one antonym holds an inclusive or exhaustive relation to another antonym). Three new functions have been developed and added to the retrieved classification: subordination (wherein one antonym occurs in a subordinate clause while the other occurs in a main clause), case-marking (wherein two opposite cases are served by two antonyms), and replacement (wherein one antonym is substituted with another). Semicanonical and noncanonical guises of antonymy are left and recommended for future research.

Epodes

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Similar Attitude ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Close Relationship

Horace was writing hisEpodes1at the same time as he was writingSatires. The nameEpodesis derived from the metrical term ό ἐπῳδός (і.е. στίχος) which signifies the second and shorter line of a couplet, but Horace himself referred to them asiambi(soEpod. 14. 7,Epist. i. 19. 23). The collection is titledLiber Epodonin the MSS. and the title was used by grammarians of the fourth and fifth centuries. Butiambigives a better idea of their basic inspiration. Horace says of them(Epist. i. 19. 21-5):So he claims(a)originality,(b)Archilochus as a model,(c)that he was the first Roman to use Archilochus as a model, and(d)that he discarded the vicious personal invective of Archilochus. The judgement disregards Catullus, who had writteniambibefore Horace, but whose similarity to Archilochus did not extend far beyond metre and invective. There is a consistency in Horace’s poetic career: he began by recreating the poetry of Archilochus in hisEpodes, and his later—and greatest— work was the recreation in hisOdesof the lyric poetry of poets like Sappho, Alcaeus, and Pindar. There is a similarly close relationship between theSatiresand theEpistles;and, furthermore, all of his writing uses an autobiographical technique. There is another sort of consistency too, for basicallyEpodesandSatiresexpress a similar attitude of mind: anger, contempt, and amusement are the fundamental emotions (though he often transcends these emotions in both works), and a plausible case can be made out for regarding this as a sign of a young man of low social status, unsure of himself and his talent, and already finding ways of expressing a personality that were not too self-revealing. TheOdesandEpistles, on the other hand, express a more meditative, more philosophical, more humane attitude, yet ultimately no more self-revealing.

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