Inheritance of hull pubescence and seed color in annual canarygrass

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Matus-Cádiz ◽  
P. Hucl ◽  
A. Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Hybrid Cross ◽  
Phalaris Canariensis

The availability of glabrous-hulled annual canarygrass (Phalaris canariensis L.) cultivars with yellow seed color may pave the way for developing this species into a food crop. The objective of this research was to study the inheritance of hull pubescence and seed color in annual canarygrass. A gametocide was applied to plants at Zadoks Growth Stage 42 to induce male sterility. CDC Maria, a glabrous-hulled and brown-seeded cultivar, was crossed with six pubescent-hulled, brownseeded annual canarygrass accessions and with CY193, a pubescent-hulled and yellow-seeded breeding line. In mono-hybrid crosses, segregation ratios of F2 populations were not significantly different from the phenotypic ratios of 3 pubescent-hulled: 1 glabrous-hulled for hull pubescence and 3 brown seeded: 1 yellow seeded for seed color. In the di-hybrid cross, a phenotypic ratio of 9 pubescent-hulled/brown seeded: 3 pubescent-hulled/yellow seeded: 3 glabrous-hulled/brown seeded: 1 glabrous-hulled/yellow seeded was observed. Glabrous-hulled and yellow seeded traits are each controlled by single recessive genes that segregate independently in annual canarygrass. Key words: Phalaris canariensis, canaryseed, inheritance, hull pubescence, seed color

scholarly journals A New Genotype for White Seed Coat Discovered in `Early Wax' Snap Bean

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett ◽  
Arie Blom
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Gene Model ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
New Genotype ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
New Hypothesis

The white-seeded snap bean `Early Wax' (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was crossed with a black-seeded breeding line 5-593. The F2 segregation data are consistent with a three-gene model, in which all three genes must be homozygous recessive to give white seed coat. One of the genes is t because of segregation in F2 for plants with white flowers and partial seed coat coloration. We hypothesize that the genes ers and ers2 in the presence of f block all seed color expression in all genes for partial coloration of seed. The hypothesis of three recessive genes was confirmed in a backcross test involving `Early Wax' x F1. The interaction of ers and ers2 was tested in progeny tests of partly colored BC-F1 plants. One of the erasure genes, ers2, blocks color expression in color zones close to the hilum, but only in the presence of ers. The other erasure gene, ers, blocks color expression only in color zones beyond those close to the hilum in a manner similar to the restr locus of Prakken (1972). The old hypothesis that partly colored seed phenotypes require the presence of a second factor e in addition to t, where the function of e is vague and unspecified, should be discarded for lack of supporting evidence, Under the new hypothesis, soldier series phenotypes (e.g., bipunctata, arcus, virgata, and virgarcus) may express in t ers Ers2 by action of ers or in t Ers Ers2 by action of various genes for partly colored seeds other than ers.

GENETICS OF SEED COLOR IN REED CANARYGRASS, Phalaris arundinacea L.

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. KNOWLES
Keyword(s):  
Phalaris Arundinacea ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Disomic Inheritance ◽  
Recessive Genes

A yellow-seeded mutant of reed canarygrass was crossed with normal black-seeded plants and F2 and test-cross populations observed for seed color. Disomic inheritance was postulated with two recessive genes y1 and y2 being responsible for yellow seed color. Black-seeded plants were designated Y1Y1Y2Y2 although in two black-seeded plants one locus appeared heterozygous, i.e. Y1y1Y2Y2, thereby suggesting that the alleles for yellow seed may occur quite frequently in this species.Key words: Reed canarygrass, Phalaris arundinacea L., seed color, disomic inheritance, genetics

INHERITANCE OF QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF OIL IN FLAX IN RELATION TO OTHER PLANT CHARACTERS

1937 ◽  
Vol 15c (8) ◽  
pp. 362-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Central Experimental Farm

Data from 21 varieties of flax, grown at the Central Experimental Farm over a five-year period, were analyzed statistically to determine the relation of quantity and quality of oil to seed size, days to maturity, days from flowering to maturity, and height of plant. In addition, hybrids of Cyprus × Ottawa 770B and Buda × Ottawa 770B were studied to determine the genetic basis for the inheritance of quality of oil, flower type, color of seed, color of oil, seed size and height of plant.The refractometric method for determining the quantity and quality of oil was compared with the ether extraction method for oil content and the Wijs method for iodine number and found to be very practical for breeding studies.In the variety test, high oil content was associated with a long period from blossoming to maturity and with large-seeded varieties.In the hybrids, iodine number, seed size, and height of plant are apparently dependent on several genetic factors. No significant association between oil content, iodine number, seed size or height of plant was found among these hybrids. The inheritance of flower and seed type has been explained on the basis of a single factor, the Ottawa 770B type with white, narrow, involute petal and greenish-yellow seed being inherited as a simple recessive or the expression of several very closely linked recessive genes. An association of high iodine number with this factor for yellow seed color was indicated in both hybrids.Although insufficient data were collected to give definite conclusions, evidence indicated that color of oil, as measured by carotinoid pigment content, had a genetic basis. No correlation was indicated between carotene pigment content and the quantity and quality of the oil or color of the seed.

Inheritance of isozymes in seed and bud tissues of blue and Engelmann spruce

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Ernst ◽  
D. E. Keathley ◽  
J. W. Hanover
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Thirteen loci from 11 enzyme systems were identified among full-sib and half-sib progeny of blue and Engelmann spruce. Eleven of the loci were expressed in bud, embryo, and megagametophyte tissue; the remaining two loci were expressed only in embryo and megagametophyte tissue. There were no mobility differences observed between loci expressed in seed and bud tissues. The mode of inheritance for 10 of the loci was confirmed based on progeny genotypic distributions. For the two loci not expressed in bud tissue, acid phosphatase (Acp-2) and diaphorase (Dia-2), inheritance was inferred from pooled segregation ratios of megagametophytes from open-pollinated seed from heterozygous females. The inheritance of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (Got-3) was also inferred from segregation ratios and diploid embryo phenotypes of open-pollinated progeny owing to a lack of variability at this locus among the 40 parents in the mating design. Two loci, aldolase (Ald) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh-2), were monomorphic among the 20 parents of both species. Key words: isozymes, Engelmann spruce, blue spruce, Picea.

scholarly journals Mapping and identification of yellow seed coat color genes in Brassica juncea L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Huang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Hong Lu ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Coat Color ◽  
Flavonoid Pathway ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Yellow Seed Coat

Abstract BackgroundYellow seed breeding is an effective method to improve the oil content in rapeseed. Yellow seed coat color formation is influenced by various factors, and no clear mechanisms are known. In this study, Bulked segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) of BC9 population of Wuqi mustard (yellow seed) and Wugong mustard (brown seed) was used to identity the candidate genes controlling the yellow seed color in Brassica juncea L.ResultsYellow seed coat color gene was mapped to chromosome A09, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between brown and yellow bulks enriched in the flavonoid pathway. A significant correlation between the expression of BjF3H and BjTT5 and the content of the seed coat color related indexes was identified. Two intron polymorphism (IP) markers linked to the target gene were developed around BjF3H. Therefore, BjF3H was considered as the candidate gene. The BjF3H coding sequences (CDS) of Wuqi mustard and Wugong mustard are 1071-1077bp, encoding protein of 356-358 amino acids. One amino acid change (254, F/V) was identified in the conserved domain. This mutation site was detected in four Brassica rapa (B. rapa) and six Brassica juncea (B. juncea) lines, but not in Brassica napus (B. napus).ConclusionsThe results indicated BjF3H is a candidate gene that related to yellow seed coat color formation in Brassica juncea and provided a comprehensive understanding of the yellow seed coat color mechanism.

Postemergence control of quackgrass [Elytrigia repens (L) Nevski] with DPX-79406 in corn (Zea mays L)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Reidy ◽  
C. J. Swanton
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Elytrigia Repens

Laboratory and field experiments were established to determine the optimum dose and timing of postemergence applications of DPX-79406 for quackgrass control. Four node quackgrass rhizome fragments from each biotype were grown under controlled conditions. At the three-to-four-leaf stage, quackgrass plants were sprayed with DPX-79406 and evaluated for control. A significant response of quackgrass biotypes to DPX-79406 was evident only at lower doses. In the field, quackgrass was effectively controlled by all doses of DPX-79406. Significant growth-stage effects were observed for quackgrass shoot and rhizome dry weights in the year of application and in the year following application. There was a significant interaction between year and growth stage. In 1990, quackgrass biomass was greater when DPX-79406 was applied at the two-to-three-leaf stage of quackgrass than at the four-to-five-leaf stage. In 1991, however, the opposite occurred. Within a growth stage, the 6.25 g ha−1 dose was as effective for controlling quackgrass as 18.5 g ha−1, in both years of the study. In 1991, significant decreases in corn yield were observed for DPX-79406 doses of > 12.5 g ha−1 applied at the four-to-five-leaf stage of quackgrass. For all the variables studied, DPX-79406 doses of 6.25–12.5 g ha−1 resulted in consistent control of quackgrass. Key words: DPX-79406, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, quackgrass, Elytrigia repens, corn, Zea mays

Diquat residues in lentil following preharvest treatment

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Allan Cessna
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Crop Growth Stages

In a 2-yr study, residues of diquat were spectrophotometrically determined in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) seed and straw/chaff following preharvest treatment using 0.56 kg ha−1 at three crop growth stages. Diquat residues ranged from 12.9 to 17.3 mg kg−1 in the lentil straw/chaff one day after application and decreased to 1.1 to 6.0 mg kg−1 2 wk later. Diquat residues in the seed were in the order of 0.05 mg kg−1 or less regardless of time of sampling after spraying or growth stage of the crop at application. The limit of quantification of the analytical method was 0.04 mg kg−1, and recoveries of diquat from fortified seed and straw were in the order of 70%. Key words: Diquat, lentil, residues, spectrophotometric determination

Independent assortment of seed color and hairy leaf genes in Brassica rapa L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhlesur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Independent Assortment ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Joint Segregation ◽  
Brown Color

Rahman, M. 2014. Independent assortment of seed color and hairy leaf genes in Brassica rapa L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 615–620. A genetic study of seed color and hairy leaf in Brassica rapa was conducted in progeny originating from the brown-seeded, hairy leaf B. rapa subsp. chinensis line and the Bangladeshi B. rapa var. trilocularis line. A joint segregation of both traits was also examined in the F2 and backcross populations. Seed color segregated into brown, yellow–brown, and yellow, which suggests that digenic control of brown or yellow–brown color was dominant over yellow seed color. Hairy leaves were found to be under monogenic control, and hairy leaf was dominant over non-hairy leaf. The data show that genes controlling seed color and hairy leaf are inherited independently.

CT652 flue-cured tobacco

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-315
Author(s):  
G. A. Amankwa ◽  
H. M. Haji ◽  
S. Mishra ◽  
M. DeVos ◽  
A. D. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Tobacco Cultivar ◽  
Grade Index

CT652 is a flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar with good yield potential, high grade index and considerably higher gross returns than the check varieties Delgold and CT157. It was derived from a cross between the Canadian cultivar Delfield and an advanced breeding line, 95EA57-1. Key words: Nicotiana tabacum L., tobacco, cultivar description

CDC Maria annual canarygrass

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hucl ◽  
M. Matus-Cadiz ◽  
A. Vandenberg ◽  
F. W. Sosulski ◽  
E. S. M. Abdel-Aal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
The University ◽  
Phalaris Canariensis

CDC Mar ia annual canarygrass, developed at the University of Saskatchewan, possesses glabrous hulls that reduce the skin irritation encountered by farmers during the harvesting process. CDC Maria has higher test and kernel weights, but lower grain yields relative to the pubescent cultivar Keet. CDC Maria is adapted to the traditional canaryseed growing regions of Saskatchewan, the brown and black soil zones. Key words: Canaryseed, Phalaris canariensis L., cultivar description, glabrous

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