The Effect of Cooking Method and Cooked Color on Consumer Acceptability of Boneless Pork Chops

The objective was to determine the effects of sous-vide cooking and degree of doneness on consumer eating experience of pork chops when cooked color was expected to differ. The hypothesis was consumers would prefer a cooked brown color and would rate grilled chops more acceptable than sous-vide chops. Chops were cooked to 63 °C or 71 °C using either an open-hearth grill or a sous-vide device. Participants evaluated four samples for tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and overall acceptability. Participants rated a greater percentage of chops cooked sous-vide at 63 °C as tender (82.82%), juicy (55.83%) and acceptable (60.34%) compared with all other cooking method and degree of doneness combinations. Participants rated a greater percentage of sous-vide chops as tender and acceptable compared to grilled chops. Participants rated a greater percentage of chops cooked to 63 °Cas tender, juicy, flavorful, and acceptable when compared to 71 °C. Even when participants could visualize cooked color, they preferred chops cooked to 63 °C compared with chops cooked to 71 °C. Overall, participants preferred chops cooked to 63 °C compared to 71 °C regardless of the cooking method and preferred chops cooked to 63 °C using the sous-vide cooking method the most among all treatments.

Formulation and Stability Test of Lip Cream Preparation of Kenop Flower Ethanol Extract (Gomphrena globosa L.)

Kenop Flower (Gomphrena globosa L.) is used in the manufacture of lip cream because contains betacyanin pigments that function as color pigments. This study aims to determine the physical quality and stability of the lip cream preparation of the ethanol extract of kenop flower (Gomphrena globosa L.). This research was conducted experimentally, including the manufacture of lip cream formulations with ethanol extract of kenop flower (Gomphrena globosa L.) with a concentration of 10%. The results of the physical examination test for lip cream preparations for all preparations have a distinctive vanilla aroma with a semi-solid texture, F0 has ivory white color and F1-F3 has a brown color. The preparations had a homogeneous composition, average pH 6-7, had good greasing power, 5.0-5.8 average dispersion and 60.33-66.67 seconds average adhesion. The stability test carried out on day 28 found that all preparations were stable, had a distinctive vanilla aroma with a semi-solid texture, F0 had ivory white color and F1-F3 had a brown color. The preparation has a homogeneous composition; the average pH is 6-7. Where the lip cream formulas F1 and F3 decreased the pH value on the 28th day from 7 to 6 but tended to be stable and in the pH range that matched the lip pH. And there is no phase separation in all formulas.

Changes in Fruit pigment accumulation, chloroplast development, and Transcriptome analysis in the CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of Stay-green 1 (slsgr1) Mutant

The tomato fruit of green-flesh (gf) mutant ripen to a muddy brown color and has been demonstrated previously to be a loss-of-function mutant. Here, we provide more evidence to support this view that SlSGR1 involved in color change in ripening tomato fruits. Knocking out SlSGR1 expression using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 genome editing strategy showed obviously a muddy brown color with significantly higher chlorophyll and carotenoid content compared with WT fruits. To further verify the role of SlSGR1 in fruit color change, we performed RNA-seq analysis, where a total of 354 differentially expressed genes (124/230 down-/upregulated) were identified between WT and slsgr1. Additionally, the expression of numerous genes associated with photosynthesis and chloroplast function changed significantly when SlSGR1 was knocked out. Taken together, these results indicate that SlSGR1 is involved color change in ripening fruit via chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid biosynthesis.

Observations on a Novel Bacterial Pathogen of Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)

A novel Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium (BN) was discovered in second-stage juveniles (J2) of root-knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne spp.). Mature bacteria showed a peculiar rod morphology characterized by four cells sequentially joined at septa. Mature rods measured 4–5 × 0.5–0.6 μm and were characterized by the emptying and tapering of both apical cells. The data showed an electron-dense external matrix forming a coating capsule involved in host attachment. The rods were not motile and packed in parallel inside the J2 body. After J2 penetration by adhering, germinating cells, the bacterium proliferated until the host body content was completely digested, producing a lethal disease. Parasitized hosts were recognized using light microscopy by a pale creamy-brown color assumed at parasitism completion. At death, the whole nematode body was filled with cells and only a few sclerotized esophageal structures (i.e., stylet, median bulb) remained visible. The BN cells were quickly released at host body rupture, suggesting that J2 infection occurs through passive adhesion of cells dispersed in soil. The bacterium appeared fastidious, as attempts to obtain pure cultures on common nutritive media failed.

TEMPLE SCULPTURES OF MANNA MAGUS AND THEIR PICTURING IN TABRIZ CARPETS OF XIX CENTURY

одной из личных коллекций в Горисе (Южный Азербайджан) хранится уникальный ковер. Этот ковер известен под названием «Семь планет». (Этот факт опубликован в книге Р.Тагиевой «Ковровые персонажи Низами», рисунок 40). Ковер был соткан в 1880 г. и по характеру изображенных на нем фигур автором был ковровщик-любитель. Уникальность этого ковра объясняется его содержательной составляющей. Следует также отметить, что в специальной литературе такие образцы не упоминаются. В центре ковра расположен прямоугольный медальон, а его кайма не очень широкая, состоит из трех полос. В этом медальоне теплый светло-коричневый цвет переходит в темно-коричневый. В медальоне размещены изображения семи планет. Эти планеты являются символами небесных звезд. В центре медальона изображено Солнце. Арабские надписи с названиями планет связаны с разными антропоморфными фигурами. Эти надписи расположены рядом на фоне четырех лопастных медальонов желтого цвета, обведенных желтой контурной линией. Все остальные фигуры расположены вокруг Солнца. Две из них расположены в верхней части, две – в нижней части медальона, а остальные четыре звезды находятся справа и слева от Солнца. Итак, размещение фигур – символов планет – повторяет схему размещения планет на небе. Исходя из этого, можно с уверенностью сказать, что древний обитатель Азербайджана изучал небо и имел собственные, возможно, примитивные представления о планетах. Сам Зороастр считался зороастрийским пророком и был ученым-астрологом, знал звезды и небо. По этой причине у древних греков имя Зороастр ассоциировалось с понятием «астрон» – звезда. Так, в древних источниках Зороастр описывается как мудрый астролог, основанное им учение называется зороастризмом. In one of personal collections in Goris (Southern Azerbaijan) a unique carpet is kept. That carpet is known by the name «Seven planets». (The fact is recorded by R.Tagiyeva in her book «Carpet characters of Nizami», picture 40). The carpet was woven in 1880 and judging by the character of figures, pictured on it, its author was amateur carpet-maker. Uniqueness of that carpet is explained by its content aspect. It should be also pointed, that in special literature such samples arenot mentioned. In the centre of carpet a rectangular medallion is placed, and its border isnot very wide, it consists of three stripes. In that medallion a warm, light-brown color transforms into dark-brown one (here ABRASH is seen). In the medallion pictures of seven planets are placed. These planets are symbols of heavenly stars. In the centre of medallion the Sun is pictured. (Arabian inscriptions with names of planets are connected with different anthropomorphous figures. These inscriptions are placed side by side, on the background of four paddle medallions of yellow color. These medallions are outlined by yellow contour line). All other figures are placed around the Sun. Two of them are placed in upper part, two of them are placed in bottom of medallion, and the rest four stars are on the right and on the left side of Sun. So, the placing of figures – symbols of planets – reproduces the scheme of planets placing in the sky. This facenables to presume, that ancient inhabitants of Azerbaijanstudied the sky and had their own,spmewhat primitive ideas about the planets. Zoroaster himself was considered a Zoroastrian prophet and anastrologer, he knew the stars and the sky. That was the reason, that the name Zoroaster for ancient Greeks was associated with notion «astron» – star. So, in ancient sources Zoroaster is described as wise astrologer, the doctrine, founded by him, is named Zoroastrism.

Unique iris and pupil morphology in lamnid sharks

Documentation of the iris concentrating on color, pupillary shape, and orientation has been reported in a number of elasmobranch species, but has not been documented in lamnid sharks. This study examined the eyes of three lamnid sharks, white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), and porbeagle shark (Lamna nasus) to characterize the iris color and pupil shape. All three species possess a brown color iris circling a horizontal slit pupil. A blue limbal ring of color circles the iris caused by the sclera and cartilage from the limbus which extends into the anterior chamber of the eye. The unique characteristics of the iris and pupil shape are described and implications of these findings on future research are discussed.

THERMOSTABLE EPOXIDE COMPOSITION BASED ON AROMATIC DIAMIDODISULFOIMIDE RESIN

New epoxide oligomers have been obtained by the interaction of p-phenylenediaminediamidodisulfoimide with a large excess of epichlorohydrin in the presence of triethylbenzylammonium chloride. The synthesized epoxide oligomers are a viscous product of dark brown color, well soluble in aprotic solvents (DMFA, DMSO), as well as in acetone and dioxane. These cooligomers include hydroxynaphthylene and phenylenediimine structural fragments possessing solubility, meltability and high reactivity in the reactions with the oxirane ring of epoxide compounds in composition of macromolecules. The cooligomer of m-phenylenediamine with α-naphthol was used for curing of diamidodisulfoimide resin.

A simple microabrasion technique as aesthetic approach on fluorosis of anterior teeth

ABSTRACT Dentistry treatment is not only focused on restoring the function of mastication but also onthe aesthetic problem. Fluorosis is one of the aesthetic problems caused by excessive fluoride intakeduring email formation and produced color changes on the surface of the email. Fluorosis was notaffected by the aesthetics but also influenced the confidence of the patient. The Microabrasion techniqueis an option for fluorosis because it is conservative treatment with good results. A 20-year-old womanwho came to the Dental Conservation clinic complained that she wants to remove the brown color andwhite spots seen on the front teeth, which significantly interfere with her appearance. Based on clinicalexamination, many cavities were found in the back teeth of the upper and lower jaw. The results of thehistory and clinical study revealed that the patient had fluorosis in her teeth. Microabrasion was carriedout using Opalustre (ultradent). This material was applied to the tooth surface and rubbed using anapplicator (opal bristle) for 60 seconds. Then applied fluoride gel paste with finishing cup opal.Treatment results showed changes in tooth color, brown and white patches disappeared. Microabrasionis the first choice for aesthetic treatment in fluorosis and has shown satisfying results to restore thepatient's aesthetics problem. KEYWORDS: Fluorosis, microabrasion technique

Situação vacinal entre Agentes Comunitários de Saúde

Objetivo: Investigar e comparar a situação vacinal para as vacinas garantidas pelo PNI entre Agentes comunitários de saúde de um município do Recôncavo da Bahia. Métodos: Estudo de corte transversal, realizado nos anos de 2011 com 121 Agentes comunitários de saúde e em 2019 com 111, em Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, para investigação da completude dos cartões vacinais destes trabalhadores. Considerou-se apenas a informação verbal sobre o recebimento das doses das vacinas recomendadas em 2011, e em 2019 tanto a informação autorreferida quanto as informações contidas nos cartões de vacinação. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por estatística descritiva com auxílio do software IBM SPSS Statistics versão 22. Resultados: Em ambos os anos, a amostra foi composta em sua maioria pelo sexo feminino, idade entre 30 e 49 anos e cor parda. Apenas 19,5% desses trabalhadores, em 2011, e 24,7%, em 2019, apresentavam esquema vacinal completo. A análise dos cartões vacinais demonstrou uma taxa de apenas 14,9% de completude. Conclusão: A maioria dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde está com o cartão vacinal desatualizado. Os resultados demonstram percentuais alarmantes requerendo investimento profundo em ações de caráter educativo que potencialmente contribuirão para uma melhoria da situação evidenciada. ABSTRACTObjective: Investigate and compare the vaccination status for vaccines guaranteed by the PNI among Community health agents in a city in the Recôncavo of Bahia. Methods: Crosssectional study, conducted in 2011 with 121 Community health agents and in 2019 with 111, in Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, to investigate the completeness of the vaccination cards of these workers. We considered only verbal information about the receipt of the recommended vaccine doses in 2011, and in 2019 both the self-reported information and the information contained in the vaccination cards. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics with the aid of ibm SPSS Statistics version 22 software. Results: In both years, the sample was composed mostly of females, aged between 30 and 49 years and brown color. Only 19.5% of these workers in 2011 and 24.7% in 2019 had a complete vaccination schedule. The analysis of vaccination cards showed a rate of only 14.9% completeness. Conclusion: Most Community health workers have an outdated vaccination card. The results show alarming percentages requiring deep investment in educational actions that will potentially contribute to an improvement of the situation evidenced.Keywords: Community Health Workers; Vaccination; Occupational Health. RESUMENObjetivo: Investigar y comparar la situación de vacunación de las vacunas garantizadas por el PNI entre los agentes comunitarios de salud de un municipio del Recôncavo de Bahia. Métodos: estudio transversal, realizado en 2011 con 121 trabajadores comunitarios de salud y en 2019 con 111, en Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahía, para investigar la integridad de las cartillas de vacunación de estos trabajadores. Solo se consideró la información verbal a cerca de la recepción de las dosis recomendadas de vacuna en 2011, y en 2019 tanto la información autoinformada como la información contenida en las tarjetas de vacunación. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva con la ayuda del software IBM SPSS Statistics versión 22. Resultados: En ambos años, la muestra estuvo compuesta mayoritariamente por mujeres, con edades entre 30 y 49 años y piel morena. Solo el 19,5% de estos trabajadores, en 2011, y el 24,7%, en 2019, tenían un calendario de vacunación completo. El análisis de las tarjetas de vacunación mostró una tasa de solo el 14,9% de compleción. Conclusión: la mayoría de los agentes comunitarios de salud tienen una tarjeta de vacunación obsoleta. Los resultados muestran porcentajes alarmantes que requieren una profunda inversión en acciones educativas que potencialmente contribuirán a mejorar la situación evidenciada.Palabras clave: Agentes comunitarios de salud; Vacunación; Salud del trabajador.

Utilization of Old Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Husk Waste as Potential Source of Natural Dye and its Dyeing Properties on Cotton Cloth

Coconut husk is considered waste and its fibers can be used as a source of natural dyes for textiles. The objective of this research is to obtain natural dyes from old coconut (Cocos nucifera) husk waste fibers through the extraction process. Brown color was produced in the liquid-liquid extraction method. The brown color natural dyes were then used to dye cotton cloth. Three different binding agents were used during the fixation process, i.e. tunjung, naphtol salt, and alum. The coloring results of the natural dye on the cotton cloth were as follow: with alum binding agent the resulting color was light brown (cream), whereas tunjung binding agent produced a greenish brown color, and using napthol salt binding agent produced yellow color. The colored cotton cloths were tested for their color fastness properties against rubbing, soap washing, and sunlight exposure. The measurement scale used was grey scales, which was used to evaluate the color change (color fading) and color staining (color transfer) during color fastness testing. In general, based on the results, the colored cotton cloth using alum as binding agent showed better color fastness properties against rubbing, soap washing, and sunlight exposure compared to the ones using tunjung and naphtol salt binding agents.