Effect of subsoil tillage in the previous crop year on soil loosening and potato yield performance

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Holmstrom ◽  
M. R. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Marginal Improvement

Soil compaction under potato rotations can be a common problem in Prince Edward Island. This can be further aggravated by naturally occurring compact subsoils. A study was conducted at eight sites on sandy loam soils in three regions of Prince Edward Island to determine whether the recommended practice of subsoiling the fall prior to the potato crop would improve the physical condition of the soil and result in improved yields. The study found that subsoiling provided only a marginal improvement in soil physical conditions. Soil loosening did not increase potato yield or quality. Key words: Potato, subsoiling, yield response, potato quality

Yield response of potatoes to variable nitrogen management by landform element and in relation to petiole nitrogen – A case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Moulin ◽  
Y. Cohen ◽  
V. Alchanatis ◽  
N. Tremblay ◽  
K. Volkmar
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
N Concentration

Moulin, A. P., Cohen, Y., Alchanatis, V., Tremblay, N. and Volkmar, K. 2012. Yield response of potatoes to variable nitrogen management by landform element and in relation to petiole nitrogen – A case study. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 771–781. Recent increases in the cost of fertilizer N have prompted producers to assess the potential to vary inputs within fields and during the growing season to produce the highest marketable yield of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). A study was conducted from 2005 to 2007 near Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, to assess the spatial variability of potato yield in upper, middle and lower landform elements on a sandy loam soil in response to a range of N fertilizer rates applied in the spring or in combination with an application during the growing season. There was no clear trend with respect to the effect of landform on potato yield. Nitrogen fertilizer increased total and marketable yield relative to the control at rates from 75 to 225 kg ha−1in split applications or applied at seeding. No significant interaction between landform and fertilizer treatment was observed. Petiole N concentration, determined late in the growing season, was correlated with potato yield though the correlation varied considerably between years. Petiole leaflet N concentration was affected by fertilizer on most sampling dates, but decreased with time during the growing season. We conclude that although N fertilizer could be applied during the growing season based on petiole leaflet N concentration deficiencies in mid-July, there is no clear difference in potato yield due to split application relative to spring applications of N fertilizer at rates of 75 kg ha−1or greater based on landform elements for potato production, likely due to the short growing season in western Canada.

Long-term conservation tillage in potato rotations in Atlantic Canada: Potato productivity, tuber quality and nutrient content

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Carter ◽  
J. B. Sanderson ◽  
R. D. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Surface Residue ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Tillage System

Conservation tillage in combination with mulches in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) farming systems can maintain crop productivity and improve soil properties, in comparison with conventional tillage systems. However, information is needed on the long-term influence of such practices on potato crop parameters. A study was initiated in 1994 on a Charlottetown fine sandy loam (Orthic Podzol) in Prince Edward Island to assess the feasibility of using conservation tillage practices in combination with crop residue mulches (after the potato harvest) on potato production in two different potato rotations: a 2-yr barley-potato rotation and a clover-based 3-yr (barley-red clover -potato) rotation. In the conservation tillage system, the primary tillage event was moved from the autumn to spring and the degree and depth of tillage were reduced by replacing the conventional mouldboard plough (20 cm depth) with a shallow (15 cm depth) one-pass chisel plough just prior to potato planting. Potato yield and tuber quality, surface residue levels after potato planting, and tuber mineral content were evaluated from 2000 to 2007. Adoption of conservation tillage over the long-term did not adversely influence total or marketable potato yield, or tuber quality. The clover-based 3-yr rotation, compared with the 2-yr rotation, had little effect on total potato yield (42 vs. 44 Mg ha-1), but produced significantly higher marketable tuber yields (38 vs. 32 Mg ha-1), for four of the eight yrs of the study. The conservation tillage system, for both rotations, provided relatively high surface residue levels (>30%) after potato planting, compared with the bare soil surface in the conventional tillage system. Nutrient and trace element contents in tuber dry matter were similar between conservation and conventional tillage. Tuber uptake of nitrogen and other nutrients were slightly greater under the 3-yr, compared with the 2-yr rotation, and associated with tuber dry-matter yield differences. The results of the 14-yr study confirm the conclusions of previous short-term studies that a reduction in depth and intensity of tillage for potato culture is yield neutral, and a viable alternative to conventional tillage systems for potato production on sandy loams in eastern Canada. Key words: Conservation tillage, potato, crop rotation, fine sandy loam, crop yield, surface residue, eastern Canada

Effect of gypsum and elemental sulphur on calcium and sulphur content of rutabagas in Podzolic soils

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
M. R. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Podzolic Soils

Both studies and information are lacking concerning Ca and S nutrition of rutabagas (Brassica napobrassica Mill). Five field studies were conducted to determine yield response of rutabagas to soil-applied gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), lime (calcite) and elemental S on sandy loam to loamy sand Orthic Podzols in Prince Edward Island. Marketable yield of rutabagas was not affected by addition of Ca or S amendments. Gypsum increased the S content of rutabaga leaf tissue and reduced soil pH. In this study, a soil extractable Ca level of at least 318 µg g-1 soil appears adequate to support rutabaga growth. Key words: Rutabagas, calcium, gypsum, calcite, elemental sulphur

Influence of non-inversion loosening on permanent pasture productivity

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Carter ◽  
H. T. Kunelius
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Penetrometer Resistance ◽  
Permanent Pasture ◽  
Root Injury

Non-inversion tillage can have significant benefits over inversion tillage in loosening soils under permanent pasture. A suite of attributes was used to characterize the degree of compaction at the 0- to 20-cm depth of a Charlottetown fine sandy loam under a 10-yr pasture in Prince Edward Island. Non-inversion tillage, using a paraplow, a slant-legged cultivator loosened the soil at the 10- to 20-cm depth. Penetrometer resistance profiles showed that the loosened soil condition persisted for 3 to 4 yr. Non-inversion soil loosening caused a negative yield response, which was possibly related to root injury. Key words: Podzol, penetration resistance, Kentucky bluegrass, white clover

scholarly journals Yield Response of an Ensemble of Potato Crop Models to Elevated CO2 in Continental Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 126265
Author(s):  
David H. Fleisher ◽  
Bruno Condori ◽  
Carolina Barreda ◽  
Herman Berguijs ◽  
Marco Bindi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Crop Models

Yields of Sub-humid Rainfed Crops in Relation to Soil Water Retention and Cropping Sequence

1978 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Verma ◽  
S. S. Prihar ◽  
Ranjodh Singh ◽  
Nathu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Rabi Crops ◽  
Water Holding

SUMMARYField experiments were conducted for 4 years to study the yield of ‘kharif’ and ‘rabi’ crops grown in sequence on two soils differing in water-holding capacity. The results indicated that drought caused greater reduction in yield of rainy-season crops on loamy sand than on sandy loam soil. In low retentivity soil it was more profitable to raise a single crop of wheat on soil-stored water. In sandy loam soil of higher retentivity, two crops a year gave much higher yields than a single crop. Of the sequences tried, maize followed by wheat gave the highest and most stable yields. For ‘rabi’ crops, stored water showed a better yield response than an equivalent amount of rain during the growing season.

THE EFFECT OF ANTECEDENT FREEZE-THAW FREQUENCY ON RUNOFF AND SOIL LOSS FROM FROZEN SOIL WITH AND WITHOUT SUBSOIL COMPACTION AND GROUND COVER

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINNELL M. EDWARDS ◽  
J. R. BURNEY
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Sediment Loss ◽  
Freezing Period ◽  
Subsoil Compaction

Three soils from Prince Edward Island (a loam, a fine sandy loam, and a sandy loam) were tested under a laboratory rainfall simulator to examine the effects of frequency of freezing and thawing, winter rye cover, incorporated cereal residue, and subsoil compaction on runoff volume and sediment loss. Wooden soil boxes were subjected to simulated rain (i) at the end of a 10-d freezing period, and (ii) at the end of the 5th 24-h freezing period of a 10-d alternating freeze-thaw cycle (freeze/thaw). Where the soil was continuously frozen for 10 d, there was 178% greater sediment loss and 160% greater runoff than with daily freeze/thaw over the same period, but there was no difference in sediment concentration. Incorporated cereal residue decreased sediment loss to 50% and runoff to 77% of that from bare soil. Winter rye cover decreased sediment loss to 73% of that from bare soil. Simulated soil compaction caused a 45% increase in sediment loss. The loam soil showed 16.5% greater loss of fine sediment fractions <0.075 mm than the fine sandy loam which showed 23.4% greater loss than the sandy loam. Key words: Freeze-thaw, erosion, compaction, winter rye, cereal residue, rainfall simulator, Prince Edward Island soils

BORON AND MOLYBDENUM NUTRITION OF WHEAT, BARLEY AND OATS GROWN IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND SOILS

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMESH C. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Cereal Straw ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Significant Yield

In a greenhouse experiment, an application of 0.25 ppm B to a sandy loam soil resulted in significant yield increases of kernels of wheat, barley, and oats. Yields of barley and wheat decreased at 0.5 ppm applied B, and those of oats at 1 ppm added B. Barley was most sensitive, oats the least, and wheat intermediate to B toxicity. Boron toxicity symptoms in barley were characterized by severe brown spotting and burning of older leaf tips, while in wheat and oats the leaf tips were bleached. A boron concentration of less than 5 ppm in boot stage tissue was in the deficiency range, while a level of 6 to 10 ppm was in the sufficiency range. In wheat and barley, a B concentration of greater than 16 ppm, and in oats of greater than 35 ppm, was indicative of toxicity. The B content of straw proved to be a good indicator for detecting B sufficiency. A survey of fields from Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) showed a range in B concentration of boot stage tissue from 0.5 to 9.9 ppm in barley, 1.1 to 6.0 ppm in wheat, and 0.5 to 5.8 ppm in oats. Under greenhouse conditions, no response to added Mo was found. Applications of 0.25 to 0.5 ppm Mo to the soil reduced yields of wheat and barley. Optimum levels of Mo in the boot stage tissue were 0.09 to 0.18 ppm in barley and wheat, and 0.22 to 0.28 ppm in oats. Sufficiency levels in kernels were 0.16 to 0.20 ppm for wheat, 0.26 to 0.32 ppm for barley, and 0.33 to 0.50 ppm for oats. In general, Mo concentration of 0.08 to 0.19 ppm in cereal straw was considered to be in the sufficiency range. The Mo concentration of boot stage tissue from survey samples ranged from 0.04 to 0.34 ppm in barley, 0.04 to 2.37 ppm in wheat, and 0.06 to 0.60 ppm in oats.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document