Crop residue and fertilizer management effects on some biological and chemical properties of a Dark Grey Solod

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. Soon
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Fertilizer Management

A 10-yr experiment was initiated on a Dark Grey Solod near Beaverlodge, Alberta (55° 13′N, 119° 20′W) in 1985 to determine the effects of fertilizer management and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) straw removal or incorporation on soil organic carbon (SOC) and related properties. Four crop residue treatments viz., (i) straw removed; (ii) straw ploughed in; (iii) straw disked in; (iv) straw disked in, plus a red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) green manure disked in every fifth year were superimposed on each of four fertilizer treatments. The fertilizer treatments were application of N and P: (i) banded at soil-test recommended rates (ST, b); (ii) broadcast-applied and incorporated at soil-test recommended rates (ST, bi); (iii) banded at soil-test rates of N + 25 kg ha−1 and of P + 10 kg ha−1 (ST +, b); (iv) as in (iii) but fertilizers broadcast-applied and incorporated (ST +, bi). Each treatment was replicated three times in a strip-plot design. Organic carbon, total nitrogen, total, organic and inorganic phosphorus, acid-hydrolysable carbohydrates, and microbial biomass C and N in the soil were not significantly influenced by crop residue treatments. The application of N and P fertilizers above soil-test recommended rates did not significantly affect any of the measured soil properties. Nitrogen application at the higher rate, irrespective of placement method, resulted in greater accumulation of nitrate, especially at 60–90 cm depth. It is concluded that barley straw removal over 10 yr from adequately fertilized continuous cropping systems in the Grey soil zone did not adversely affect SOC and some related nutrient pools and soil properties. Key words: Crop residue management, nitrogen, phosphorus, soil organic carbon, microbial biomass, soil carbohydrates

scholarly journals Effect of crop residue addition on soil organic carbon priming as influenced by temperature and soil properties

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Lenka ◽  
Pankaj Trivedi ◽  
Brajesh Singh ◽  
Bhupinder Pal Singh ◽  
Elise Pendall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Residue

Soil organic carbon in cropping and pasture systems of Victoria, Australia

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Robertson ◽  
Doug Crawford ◽  
Debra Partington ◽  
Ivanah Oliver ◽  
David Rees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soc Stock

Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in agricultural soils through changes to management may help to mitigate rising greenhouse gas emissions and sustain agricultural productivity and environmental conditions. However, in order to improve assessment of the potential for increasing SOC storage in the agricultural lands of Victoria, Australia, further information is required on current SOC levels and how they are related to environmental conditions, soil properties and agricultural management. Therefore, we measured stocks of SOC at 615 sites in pasture and cropping systems in Victoria, encompassing eight regions, five soil orders and four management classes (continuous cropping, crop–pasture rotation, sheep or beef pasture, and dairy pasture), and explored relationships between the C stocks and environment, soil and management. The results showed an extremely wide range in SOC, from 2 to 239 t C/ha (0–30 cm). Most of this variation was attributable to climate; almost 80% of the variation in SOC stock was related to annual rainfall or vapour pressure deficit (i.e. humidity). Texture-related soil properties accounted for a small, additional amount of variation in SOC. After accounting for climate, differences in SOC between management classes were small and often not significant. Management practices such as stubble retention, minimum cultivation, perennial pasture species, rotational grazing and fertiliser inputs were not significantly related to SOC stock. The relationships between SOC and environment, soil and management were scale-dependent. Within individual regions, the apparent influence of climate and soil properties on SOC stock varied, and in some regions, much of the variation in SOC stock remained unexplained. The results suggest that, across Victoria, there is a general hierarchy of influence on SOC stock: climate > soil properties > management class > management practices.

Effect of cropping practices on soil organic carbon: evidence from long-term field experiments in Victoria, Australia

Soil Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Robertson ◽  
Roger Armstrong ◽  
Debra Partington ◽  
Roger Perris ◽  
Ivanah Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Stubble Retention ◽  
Soc Stocks

Despite considerable research, predicting how soil organic carbon (SOC) in grain production systems will respond to conservation management practices, such as reduced tillage, residue retention and alternative rotations, remains difficult because of the slowness of change and apparent site specificity of the effects. We compared SOC stocks (equivalent soil mass to ~0–0.3 m depth) under various tillage, residue management and rotation treatments in three long-term (12-, 28- and 94-year-old) field experiments in two contrasting environments (Mallee and Wimmera regions). Our hypotheses were that SOC stocks are increased by: (1) minimum tillage rather than traditional tillage; (2) continuous cropping, rather than crop–fallow rotations; and (3) phases of crop or pasture legumes in rotations, relative to continuous cropping with cereals. We found that zero tillage and stubble retention increased SOC in some circumstances (by up to 1.5 Mg C ha–1, or 8%) but not in others. Inclusion of bare fallow in rotations reduced SOC (by 1.4–2.4 Mg C ha–1, or 8–12%) compared with continuous cropping. Including a pulse crop (field pea, where the grain was harvested) in rotations also increased SOC in some instances (by ~6–8 Mg C ha–1, or 29–35%) but not in others. Similarly, leguminous pasture (medic or lucerne) phases in rotations either increased SOC (by 3.5 Mg C ha–1, or 21%) or had no significant effect compared with continuous wheat. Inclusion of a vetch green manure or unfertilised oat pasture in the rotation did not significantly increase SOC compared with continuous wheat. The responses in SOC to these management treatments were likely to be due, in part, to differences in nitrogen and water availability (and their effects on carbon inputs and decomposition) and, in part, to other, unidentified, interactions. We conclude that the management practices examined in the present study may not reliably increase SOC on their own, but that significant increases in SOC are possible under some circumstances through the long-term use of multiple practices, such as stubble retention + zero tillage + legume N input + elimination of fallow. The circumstances under which increases in SOC can be achieved require further investigation.

scholarly journals Effect of crop residue management on soil organic carbon, soil organic matter and crop yield: An overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-717
Author(s):  
Renu Kumari ◽  
Ranbir Singh ◽  
Neeraj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Crop Residue Management ◽  
The Impact

Soil is a very important factor of the plant growth and crop yield. But   now a days, very small area of the soil can actually be fertile for agriculture, and if we manage improperly it can be depleted. So the big problem, how we manage and increase the fertility of soil. It has been reported that soil organic carbon and soil matter is the most important indicator of soil quality and soil health. It is also beneficial for agricultural sustainability. In this review, we summarized how crop residue management affects soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM), soil aggregation, effect of residue burning and crop productivity in different cropping system. Proper use of crop residue can increase or maintain the physical and chemical properties of SOM and improve the quality of soil. Manure or crop residue alone may not be adequate to maintain SOC levels. Knowledge and assessment of changes (positive or negative) in SOC and SOM with time is still needed to evaluate the impact of different management practices.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Along Various Vegetation Types in Hongqipao Reservoir, Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yu ◽  
Patteson Chula Mwagona ◽  
Yuncong Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Hongjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Soil Microbial

This study investigated the spatial variability of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) in Hongqipao reservoir dominated by different vegetation types and the possible relationships with other soil properties. Top 0–50cm soil samples were collected in sites dominated by different vegetation types within the reservoir littoral zone. There was high spatial variability for SOC, TN, SMBC and SMBN in the Hongqipao reservoir. In addition, the SOC, TN, SMBC and SMBN contents decreased with increasing soil depth. This could be attributed by the fact that when plants detritus decompose, most of their organic matter is mineralized and a new soil layer which contains a greater amount of organic carbon is formed at the top. According to Pearson's correlation values and redundancy analysis (RDA) results, SOC was significantly and positively correlated with TN likely because the vegetation organic matter and liter could be the main nitrogen sources. Similarly, soil moisture content (MC) was significant positive correlated with SOC and TN. Conversely, BD was significant negative correlated with SOC and TN contents in the 0-50 cm soil profiles. However, no significant correlations were observed between SOC, TN, SMBC and SMBN contents and soil pH values. SMBN was significantly and positive correlated with C:N ratio and BD and negative related with MC. Multiple linear regression model revealed that all measures soil properties in this study could explain higher significant variability of the response variables (SOC, TN, SMBC and SMBN contents). This implies that all the measured soil variables within the different vegetation types in the reservoir played a crucial role in determining the contents of SOC, TN, SMBC and SMBN. This study further suggests that vegetation types play a major role in determining the spatial characteristics of SOC and TN. Any changes in the vegetation types in the reservoir may influence the distribution of SOC and TN. This may affect the global carbon budget and the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration significantly.

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