Autoantibodies: Focus on anti-DNA antibodies

Abstract The synaptonemal complex (SC) keeps the synapsed homologous chromosomes together during pachytene in meiotic prophase I. Structures that resemble stacks of SCs, polycomplexes, are sometimes found before or after pachytene. We have investigated ndt80 mutants of yeast, which arrest in pachytene. SCs appear normal in spread chromosome preparations, but are only occasionally found in intact nuclei examined in the electron microscope. Instead, large polycomplexes occur in almost every ndt80 mutant nucleus. Immunoelectron microscopy using DNA antibodies show strong preferential labeling to the lateral element parts of the polycomplexes. In situ hybridization using chromosome-specific probes confirms that the chromosomes in ndt80 mutants are paired and attached to the SCs. Our results suggest that polycomplexes can be involved in binding of chromosomes and possibly also in synapsis.

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Update and clinical management of anti-DNA auto-antibodies

Advances in Laboratory Medicine / Avances en Medicina de Laboratorio ◽

10.1515/almed-2021-0008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Concepción González Rodríguez ◽

MªBelén Aparicio Hernández ◽

Inmaculada Alarcón Torres

Keyword(s):

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Analytical Methods ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Laboratory Methods ◽

Wide Variability ◽

Diagnostic Usefulness ◽

Dna Antibodies ◽

Editorial Review

Abstract Objectives Anti-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) antibodies in the clinical laboratory are intimately linked to the diagnosis and monitoring of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, the characteristics of the analytical methods and the properties of the antibodies themselves are heterogeneous. To review the definition and properties of anti-double-stranded anti-DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, the adequacy of analytical methods, and the clinical requirements for this biomarker. Content Through PubMed we searched the existing literature with the terms anti-dsDNA, editorial, review, guideline, meta-analysis and SLE. The last search, anti-dsDNA and SLE restricted to the last two years. Information was expanded through related articles and those published in official state bodies related to anti-dsDNA and SLE. Summary Clinical laboratory methods for anti-dsDNA analysis and their characteristics are analyze. The clinical utility of anti-dsDNA in its diagnostic, clinical association and follow-up aspects of SLE is reviewed. Outlook There is wide variability in analytical methods and deficits in standardization persist. They are part of the current SLE classification criteria and are used as markers in the follow-up of the disease. Their diagnostic usefulness improves when they are determined in antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive patients. In follow-up, quantification is of interest, preferably with the same analytical method (given the deficits in standardization).

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Molecular characteristics of antibodies bearing an anti-DNA-associated idiotype.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.174.6.1639 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 174 (6) ◽

pp. 1639-1652 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

A Manheimer-Lory ◽

J B Katz ◽

M Pillinger ◽

C Ghossein ◽

A Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cells ◽

Dna Binding ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Germ Line ◽

High Titer ◽

Variable Region ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Dna Antibodies

Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies are the hallmark of the disease systemic lupus erythematosus and are believed to contribute to pathogenesis. While a large number of anti-DNA antibodies from mice with lupus-like syndromes have been characterized and their variable region genes sequenced, few human anti-DNA antibodies have been reported. We describe here the variable region gene sequences of eight antibodies produced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cells that bear the 3I idiotype, an idiotype expressed on anti-DNA antibodies and present in high titer in patients with systemic lupus. The comparison of these antibodies to the light chains of 3I+ myeloma proteins and serum antibodies reveals that EBV transformation yields B cells producing antibodies representative of the expressed antibody repertoire. The analysis of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of these antibodies suggests the first complementarity determining region of the light chain may be important in DNA binding and that paradigms previously generated to account for DNA binding require modification. The understanding of the molecular genetics of the anti-DNA response requires a more complete description of the immunoglobulin germ line repertoire, but data reported here suggest that somatic diversification is a characteristic of the anti-DNA response.

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The effect of interleukin-10 and of interleukin-12 on the in vitro production of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Clinical & Experimental Immunology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01466.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 124 (1) ◽

pp. 118-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

J. Tyrrell-Price ◽

P M. Lydyard ◽

D A. Isenberg

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Interleukin 12 ◽

In Vitro Production ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Double Stranded Dna ◽

Dna Antibodies ◽

Vitro Production

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Anti-DNA antibodies in the blood of patients with schizophrenia possess DNA-hydrolyzing activity

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.628 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. s247-s248

Author(s):

E. Ermakov ◽

L. Smirnova ◽

L. Sinyanskii ◽

D. Dobrygina ◽

A. Semke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Dnase Activity ◽

Positive Symptoms ◽

Linear Forms ◽

Dna Antibodies ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Positive And Negative Symptoms

IntroductionAutoantibodies (Abs) to different neuronal receptors and DNA were detected in the blood of patients with schizophrenia. Abs hydrolyzing DNA were detected in pool of polyclonal autoantibodies in autoimmune and infectious diseases, such catalytic Abs were named abzymes.ObjectivesTo investigate the level of anti-DNA antibodies and DNA-hydrolyzing activity of IgG from the serum of patients with schizophrenia depending on leading clinical symptoms.Aims– To measure the concentration of anti-DNA Abs in serum of patients with leading positive and negative symptoms;– to determine DNA-hydrolyzing activity of IgG.MethodsIn our study, 51 patients were included. The levels of antiDNA Abs were determined using ELISA. DNA-hydrolyzing activity was detected as the level(%) of supercoiled pBluescript DNA transition in circular and linear forms. Statistical analysis was performed in “Statistica 9.0”.ResultsAnti-DNA Abs of patients with schizophrenia not only bind DNA, but quite efficiently hydrolyze the substrate. IgG of patient with schizophrenia were shown to possess DNA hydrolyzing activity. It should be noted that DNAase activity of IgG in patients with schizophrenia with a negative symptoms was significantly higher, than in patients with positive symptoms (Table 1).ConclusionsThe data show a correlation with the level of DNase activity and leading symptoms of patients with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Activation of autoreactive T cells that help nucleobindin-injected mice produce anti-DNA antibodies

Immunology Letters ◽

10.1016/s0165-2478(00)00290-x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 111-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Tetsuo Kubota ◽

Naomi Watanabe ◽

Takamasa Kaneko ◽

Fumiaki Satake ◽

Keiji Miura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Autoreactive T Cells ◽

Dna Antibodies

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The Impact of T Cell Vaccination in Alleviating and Regulating Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Manifestation

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2016/5183686 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liuye Huang ◽

Yuan Yang ◽

Yu Kuang ◽

Dapeng Wei ◽

Wanyi Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Side Effects ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

T Cell Vaccination ◽

Dna Antibodies

Objective. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease identified by a plethora of production of autoantibodies. Autoreactive T cells may play an important role in the process. Attenuated T cell vaccination (TCV) has proven to benefit some autoimmune diseases by deleting or suppressing pathogenic T cells. However, clinical evidence for TCV in SLE is still limited. Therefore, this self-controlled study concentrates on the clinical effects of TCV on SLE patients. Methods. 16 patients were enrolled in the study; they accepted TCV regularly. SLEDAI, clinical symptoms, blood parameters including complements 3 and 4 levels, ANA, and anti-ds-DNA antibodies were tested. In addition, the side effects and drug usage were observed during the patients’ treatment and follow-up. Results. Remissions in clinical symptoms such as facial rash, vasculitis, and proteinuria were noted in most patients. There are also evident reductions in SLEDAI, anti-ds-DNA antibodies, and GC dose and increases in C3 and C4 levels, with no pathogenic side effects during treatment and follow-up. Conclusions. T cell vaccination is helpful in alleviating and regulating systemic lupus erythematosus manifestation.

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