Gelam honey scavenges the STZ-induced ROS generation and insulin impairment via MAPK/JNK signalling in Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sher Zaman Safi ◽  
Rajes Qvist
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Gelam Honey

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SWERTIA CHIRATA ON HYPOXIA-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Kritika Kaushal ◽  
Harvinder Singh ◽  
Anil Kant Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Swertia Chirata ◽  
Liver Functions

Objective: Swertia chirata has been used in traditional and folklore medicine to treat several ailments such as hepatic disorders. However, the mechanistic and experimental justification to its traditional use is lacking. The present study was aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of S. chirata during hypoxia (HYP)-induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats and to determine the underlying mechanism.Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of S. chirata was prepared using Soxhlet extraction. Animals were divided into six groups (n=5). Animals in the HYP groups were subjected to HYP for 3 days (10% O2) to induce oxidative stress and hepatic damage. 50 and 100 mg/kg extract treatments were provided orally once daily for 7 days after which animals were sacrificed, and biochemical investigations for oxidative stress, liver function tests, and hepatic histopathology were performed.Results: HYP-induced marked oxidative stress as indicated by the significantly elevated mitochondrial ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione, and depleted catalase levels. Liver function test indicated hepatic damage as the levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and aspartate transaminase were significantly elevated in HYP animals. S. chirata treatment alleviated oxidative stress and improved liver functions in a dose-dependent manner. Liver histopathology confirmed the marked hepatic damage induced by HYP and revealed that S. chirata efficiently rescued liver from hypoxic damage.Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of S. chirata is a potent hepatoprotective intervention which was associated with its potential to alleviate oxidative stress and improve liver functions. Moreover, it could find clinical application as a safer and alternative remedy for liver ailments.

Chromium oxide nanoparticle–induced biochemical and histopathological alterations in the kidneys and brain of Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 911-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravish Fatima ◽  
Kafil Akhtar ◽  
M Mobarak Hossain ◽  
Riaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Chromium Oxide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Chromium Oxide Nanoparticles

Chromium oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3 NPs) have a wide range of applications in industry. They are used as pigments, catalysts, wear-resistant or high-temperature-resistant coating material and are used in liquid crystal displays. In view of ever escalating use of NPs, risk assessment becomes obligatory to ensure the safety of both human health and the ecosystem. The present study was designed and conducted to evaluate biochemical changes and histopathological alterations in kidneys and brain of rats, following exposure to Cr2O3 NPs. Male Wistar rats were divided into low-dose (50 µg/100 g body weight (bwt) groups and high-dose (200 µg/100 g bwt) groups. Each group type received oral administration of Cr2O3 NPs for multiple durations (single dosing, once daily for 7 days and once daily for 14 days, respectively). According to our data, this allotment presented a meaningful picture of NPs behaviour in different scenarios. In the kidneys and brain of Cr2O3 NPs-exposed animals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration along with a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels, as compared to controls. Histopathological changes in these organs confirmed cellular injury and functional damage due to exposure to Cr2O3 NPs. In this study, we have distinguished pathological alterations consequent to deleterious oxidative stress due to enhanced ROS generation after Cr2O3 NPs exposure.

scholarly journals Nanoeugenol Prevents Apoptotic Damage in Selenite-induced Cataracts in Cultured Lenses From Wistar Rats and in Human Lenticular Epithelial Cell Lines: Molecular Validation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Thiraviyam ◽  
Archana Teresa Philip ◽  
Philip Aloysius Thomas ◽  
Geraldine Pitchairaj
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Senile Cataract ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Cell Vitality ◽  
Epithelial Cell Lines ◽  
New Ideas

Abstract Senile cataract is the most common cause of severe visual impairment and blindness. Lenticular epithelial cells apoptosis induced by oxidative stress is a major factor in senile cataract pathogenesis, but there are still many blind nodes in this progress. The aim of the present experiment was to investigate the possibility that nanoeugenol prevents selenite-induced cataractogenesis by regulating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, expressions of apoptotic genes and corresponding proteins. Nanoeugenol found to be inhibited oxidative stress-induced downregulation cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes and upregulation of early growth response protein- 1 (EGR-1), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 genes in cultured lenses from Wistar rats. Nanoeugenol significantly reduced oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis and generation of ROS in human lenticular epithelial cells (HLE-B3 cells). These findings suggested that, nanoeugenol can regulate cataract progression by influencing cell vitality and apoptosis, which could provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of senile cataract.

Abstract 220: Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 Enhances Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Secretion and Myocardial Fibrosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneyoshi Okada ◽  
Shiro Ikeda ◽  
Hideyuki Yamawaki ◽  
Yukio Hara
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Myocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Free Iron ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a stress-inducible rate-limiting enzyme in heme catabolism into carbon monoxide, biliverdin and free iron. Whereas HO-1 exerts cardioprotective effect, such as anti-hypertrophic and anti-apoptotic effect in cardiomyocytes, the influence of HO-1 on cardiac fibroblasts has not been clarified. We examined the effect of HO-1 induced by cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX) on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 secretion, a biomarker of cardiac remodeling, in cardiac fibroblasts. Methods and Results: Cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from male Wistar rats. Secreted MMP-9 protein into culture medium and HO-1 expression in cell lysates were measured by Western blotting. CoPPIX (0.1-1 μ M) increased HO-1 expression and enhanced interleukin (IL)-1β (4 ng/ml, 24 h)-induced MMP-9 secretion (n=4). Mn 2 (CO) 10 (0.3-10 μ M), a carbon monoxide donor, increased IL-1β-induced MMP-9 secretion (n=4), although bilirubin (0.3-10 μ M), a metabolite of biliverdin, and FeSO 4 (0.3-10 μ M), a free iron donor, had no effect. Mn 2 (CO) 10 increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the enhanced effect of Mn 2 (CO) 10 on IL-1β-induced MMP-9 secretion was abolished by an antioxidant EUK-134 (10 μ M, n=4). We also examined the effect of CoPPIX on isoproterenol (5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneous injection, for 1 or 7 days)-induced cardiac remodeling in male Wistar rats. CoPPIX (1 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally every 2 days and this treatment increased HO-1 expression. Hearts were excised at the day 2 or day 8. Myocardial fibrosis was evaluated by Azan staining. At the day 8, CoPPIX worsened isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis significantly (n=6), but had no effect on the increase of heart weight. CoPPIX also enhanced isoproterenol-induced MMP-9 expression at the day 2 (n=10). Conclusion: Induction of HO-1 by CoPPIX enhances IL-1β-induced MMP-9 secretion via ROS generation through heme-derived carbon monoxide in cardiac fibroblasts and isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis and MMP-9 expression. These findings suggest that HO-1 induction does not necessarily exert cardioprotective effects.

Sildenafil prevents renal dysfunction in contrast media-induced nephropathy in Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1194-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lais Salles de Almeida ◽  
Jamila Rodrigues Barboza ◽  
Flávia Priscila Santos Freitas ◽  
Marcella Leite Porto ◽  
Elisardo Corral Vasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Plasma Creatinine ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Tubular

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an iatrogenic medical event in stable cardiology patients that may lead to acute renal failure. There is no current successful therapy to manage CIN. Increasing evidence in experimental models and humans has suggested that this disease is associated with renal tubular and vascular injury triggered by oxidative stress. Considering the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the pathogenesis of CIN, the goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of sildenafil on CIN development. Male Wistar rats were divided into control, CIN, and CIN pretreated with sildenafil (50 mg/kg/day). CIN was induced by water deprivation, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester + indomethacin injections (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and intravenous iohexol administration (3 g/kg). Renal function was evaluated through glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), plasma creatinine, uremia, and proteinuria. Oxidative stress was assessed by flow cytometry for intracellular ROS. Treatment with sildenafil attenuated the marked reduction of GFR and RBF in the CIN group. Moreover, sildenafil treatment in CIN rats reduced plasma creatinine, uremia, and proteinuria. Flow cytometry demonstrated that sildenafil attenuated the ROS production in the CIN group. These data suggest that sildenafil may be a new therapeutic agent to prevent CIN through its ability to preserve renal function and attenuate oxidative stress.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SWERTIA CHIRATA ON HYPOXIA-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Kritika Kaushal ◽  
Harvinder Singh ◽  
Anil Kant Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Swertia Chirata ◽  
Liver Functions

Objective: Swertia chirata has been used in traditional and folklore medicine to treat several ailments such as hepatic disorders. However, the mechanistic and experimental justification to its traditional use is lacking. The present study was aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of S. chirata during hypoxia (HYP)-induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats and to determine the underlying mechanism.Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of S. chirata was prepared using Soxhlet extraction. Animals were divided into six groups (n=5). Animals in the HYP groups were subjected to HYP for 3 days (10% O2) to induce oxidative stress and hepatic damage. 50 and 100 mg/kg extract treatments were provided orally once daily for 7 days after which animals were sacrificed, and biochemical investigations for oxidative stress, liver function tests, and hepatic histopathology were performed.Results: HYP-induced marked oxidative stress as indicated by the significantly elevated mitochondrial ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione, and depleted catalase levels. Liver function test indicated hepatic damage as the levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and aspartate transaminase were significantly elevated in HYP animals. S. chirata treatment alleviated oxidative stress and improved liver functions in a dose-dependent manner. Liver histopathology confirmed the marked hepatic damage induced by HYP and revealed that S. chirata efficiently rescued liver from hypoxic damage.Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of S. chirata is a potent hepatoprotective intervention which was associated with its potential to alleviate oxidative stress and improve liver functions. Moreover, it could find clinical application as a safer and alternative remedy for liver ailments.

Ultrastructural Investigation of Spontaneous Pituitary Adenomas in Aging Sprague-Dawley Rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Prolactin Cells ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Ultrastructural Investigation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Long Evans

Investigation of the spontaneous pituitary adenomas in rat have been limited mainly to light microscopic study. Furth et al. (1973) described them as chromophobic, secreting prolactin. Kovacs et al. (1977) in an ul trastructural investigation of adenomas of old female Long-Evans rats, found that they were composed of prolactin cells. Berkvens et al. (1980) using immunocytochemistry at the light microscopic level, demonstrated that some spontaneous tumors of old Wistar rats could contain GH, TSH or ACTH as well as PRL.

Light and electron microscopic investigation of adenohypophyses of germfree, food-restricted, and germfree-food restricted aging, male lobund-wistar rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
G. Ilse ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
N. Ryan ◽  
T. Sano ◽  
L. Stefaneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Aging Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Microscopic Findings

Germfree state and food restriction have been shown to increase life span and delay tumor occurrence in rats. We report here the histologic, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic findings of adenohypophyses of aging, male Lobund-Wistar rats raised at Lobund Laboratories. In our previous study, the morphologic changes in the adenohypophyses of old rats have been extensively investigated by histology, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Lactotroph adenomas were frequent in Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats, whereas gonadotroph adenomas were frequent in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.Male Lobund-Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) conventional, which were raised under normal non-germfree environment and received food ad libitum; 2) germfree-food ad libitum; 3) conventional environment-food restricted and 4) germfree-food restricted. The adenohypophyses were removed from 6-month-, 18-month- and 30-month-old rats. For light microscopy, adenohypophyses were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin.

Surface epithelial ultrastructure of the polycystic ovary in the BB wistar rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
R. C. Kaufmann ◽  
F. K. Khosho ◽  
K. S. Amankwah
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Chemical Diabetes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Diabetes decreases the fertility of females, but the mechanisms are not completely understood. In our investigations, we have found that 13% of the female BB Wistar rats that spontaneously developed chemical diabetes had persistent estrous. In this study the ovaries of these rats were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and compared to normal-cycling controls as well as to rats that had developed polycystic ovaries(PCO) by exposure to constant 1ight.

Structural and functional renal alterations in five-sixth nephrectomized rats on unrestricted diet

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
I. Stachura ◽  
M. Pardo ◽  
J. Costello ◽  
D.M. Landwehr
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Phosphate Intake ◽  
Dietary Restrictions ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Unrestricted Diet ◽  
Progressive Renal Insufficiency

Under experimental conditions severe reduction of renal mass results in the hyperfiltration of the remaining nephrons leading to a progressive renal insufficiency. Similar changes are observed in patients with various renal disorders associated with a loss of the functioning nephrons. The progression of renal damage is accelerated by high protein and phosphate intake, and may be modified by the dietary restrictions.We studied 50 five-sixth nephrectarrized male Wistar rats on a standard diet (Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001 Ralston Purina Co., Richmond, Indiana; containing 23.4% protein) over a 20 week period.

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