scholarly journals Coupling Wastewater Treatment with Microalgae Biomass Production: Focusing on Biomass Generation and Treatment Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
Mohamad Padri ◽  
Nittaya Boontian ◽  
Chatlada Piasai ◽  
Thunchanok Phorndon
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Algae Cultivation ◽  
Microalgae Biomass

Combination of suitable algae species with wastewater condition is important to achieve high productivity of algae with remarkable removal of contaminants. However, the usage of algae in treating wastewater has not yet to show sufficient removal efficiency when the biomass productivity is extremely enhanced. This review aims to scrutinize and discuss: (1) several promising species for this coupling method; (2) main wastewater characteristics related to the microalgae biomass production and their removal efficiency; (3) metal occurrences and other biotic factors; and (4) constraint of microalgae biomass production and wastewater treatment process. Microalgae such as Chlorella, Spirulina and Scenedesmus are among the most utilized microalgae because of their utilities. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP) concentrations affect biomass yield of algae cultivation. Metals occurrences, light intensity and carbon dioxide availability play an important role in process of algae cultivation with diverse optimum levels of each factor. Sufficient but not excess concentration of N and P solely for building biomass and other metabolism activities, mixotrophic condition for algae to digest organic carbon, and heavy metals defense mechanisms are expected to address constraint of biomass generation demand and wastewater treatment efficiency.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of selected wastewater treatment plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Tomáš Vítěz ◽  
Jana Ševčíková ◽  
Petra Oppeltová
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process

This paper is focused on primary, secondary, and total efficiency evaluation of the wastewater treatment process for chosen small wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located near the Moravian Karst. Eight wastewater samples were taken during one year in three sampling profiles of WWTP: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), pH, ammonia nitrogen (N-NH4), nitrite nitrogen (N-NO2), nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3), inorganic nitrogen (Ninorg), total phosphorus (Ptotal). Treatment efficiency by reduction was calculated for all laboratory analyzed indicators and average values were determined for the whole period. Calculated treatment efficiency of indicators BOD, COD and suspended solids was compared with the permissible minimum treatment efficiency of discharged waste water by Government Regulation No. 61/2003 Coll., for the WWTP from 500 to 2 000 PE. Permissible minimum treatment efficiency is not legislatively determined for the primary and secondary level. The results of the work will be used especially to compare results with other similar works.Analyzed values ​​of parameters BOD, COD, suspended solids, N-NH4 at the outflow from wastewater treatment plant were compared with the permissible maximum values at the outflow of the WWTP which the municipality has an obligation to respect according to the decision issued by the District Environment Authority.

scholarly journals A Cyanobacteria-Based Biofilm System for Advanced Brewery Wastewater Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Konstantinos P. Papadopoulos ◽  
Christina N. Economou ◽  
Athanasia G. Tekerlekopoulou ◽  
Dimitris V. Vayenas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Brewery Wastewater ◽  
Kjeldahl Nitrogen ◽  
Supporting Materials

Algal/cyanobacterial biofilm photobioreactors provide an alternative technology to conventional photosynthetic systems for wastewater treatment based on high biomass production and easy biomass harvesting at low cost. This study introduces a novel cyanobacteria-based biofilm photobioreactor and assesses its performance in post-treatment of brewery wastewater and biomass production. Two different supporting materials (glass/polyurethane) were tested to investigate the effect of surface hydrophobicity on biomass attachment and overall reactor performance. The reactor exhibited high removal efficiency (over 65%) of the wastewater’s pollutants (chemical oxygen demand, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, orthophosphate, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen), while biomass per reactor surface reached 13.1 and 12.8 g·m−2 corresponding to 406 and 392 mg·L−1 for glass and polyurethane, respectively, after 15 days of cultivation. The hydrophilic glass surface favored initial biomass adhesion, although eventually both materials yielded complete biomass attachment, highlighting that cell-to-cell interactions are the dominant adhesion mechanism in mature biofilms. It was also found that the biofilm accumulated up to 61% of its dry weight in carbohydrates at the end of cultivation, thus making the produced biomass a suitable feedstock for bioethanol production.

Enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency in a dyestuff wastewater treatment plant with the IFFAS process: the pilot-scale and full-scale studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Mao ◽  
Xie Quan ◽  
Huimin Zhao ◽  
Yaobin Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Dyestuff Wastewater

Abstract The activated sludge (AS) process is widely applied in dyestuff wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); however, the nitrogen removal efficiency is relatively low and the effluent does not meet the indirect discharge standards before being discharged into the industrial park's WWTP. Hence it is necessary to upgrade the WWTP with more advanced technologies. Moving bed biofilm processes with suspended carriers in an aerobic tank are promising methods due to enhanced nitrification and denitrification. Herein, a pilot-scale integrated free-floating biofilm and activated sludge (IFFAS) process was employed to investigate the feasibility of enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The results showed that the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrate (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of the IFFAS process were significantly lower than those of the AS process, and could meet the indirect discharge standards. PCR-DGGE and FISH results indicated that more nitrifiers and denitrifiers co-existed in the IFFAS system, promoting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Based on the pilot results, the IFFAS process was used to upgrade the full-scale AS process, and the effluent COD, NH4+-N and TN of the IFFAS process were 91–291 mg/L, 10.6–28.7 mg/L and 18.9–48.6 mg/L, stably meeting the indirect discharge standards and demonstrating the advantages of IFFAS in dyestuff wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Use of a duckweed pond for the domestic wastewater polishing in Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Cristina de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Liliane Lazzari Albertin ◽  
Tsunao Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Duckweed Pond

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of a duckweed pond in the polishing of a stabilization pond effluent, as well as quantify its biomass production. Once an adequate destination is given to the produced biomass, the wastewater treatment plant can work in a sustainable and integrated way. Design/methodology/approach The duckweed pond consisted of a tank with volume 0.44 m3, operating in continuous flow with an outflow of 0.12 m3/day and hydraulic retention time of 3.8 days. Effluent samples were collected before and after the treatment, with analyzes made: daily-pH, dissolved oxygen and temperature; twice a week – total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD); and weekly – total solids (TS) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5). The duckweeds were collected each for seven days for its production quantification. Findings The highest efficiency of TN, TP, COD, BOD5 and TS removal were of 74.67, 66.18, 88.12, 91.14 and 48.9 percent, respectively. The highest biomass production rate was 10.33 g/m2/day in dry mass. Research limitations/implications There was great variation in biomass production, which may be related to the stabilization pond effluent conditions. The evaluation of the effluent composition, which will be treated with duckweeds, is recommended. Practical implications The evaluated treatment system obtained positive results for the reduction in the analyzed variables concentration, being an efficient technology and with operational simplicity for the domestic effluent polishing. Originality/value The motivation of this work was to bring a simple system of treatment and to give value to a domestic wastewater treatment system in a way that, at the same time the effluent polluter level is reduced and it is also possible to produce biomass during the treatment process.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Denitrification and Bio-Methanol Production for Sustainable Operation of Biogas Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6658 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Methanol Production ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Biogas Plants

This study was conducted to secure the sustainability of biogas plants for generating resources from food waste (FW) leachates, which are prohibited from marine dumping and have been obligated to be completely treated on land since 2013 in South Korea. The aim of this study is to reduce the nitrogen load of the treatment process while producing bio-methanol using digested FW leachate diverted into wastewater treatment plants. By using biogas in conditions where methylobacter (M. marinus 88.2%) with strong tolerance to highly chlorinated FW leachate dominated, 3.82 mM of methanol production and 56.1% of total nitrogen (TN) removal were possible. Therefore, the proposed method can contribute to improving the treatment efficiency by accommodating twice the current carried-in FW leachate amount based on TN or by significantly reducing the nitrogen load in the subsequent wastewater treatment process. Moreover, the produced methanol can be an effective alternative for carbon source supply for denitrification in the subsequent process.

Dielectric barrier discharge-based investigation and analysis of wastewater treatment and pollutant removal

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2858-2867 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ramdani ◽  
A. Lousdad ◽  
A. Tilmatine ◽  
S. Nemmich
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Dielectric Barrier Discharge ◽  
Barrier Discharge ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Dielectric Barrier

Abstract Current research reveals that the oxidation by ozone is considered as an effective solution and offers irrefutable advantages in wastewater treatment. It is also well known that ozone is used to treat different types of water due to its effectiveness in water purification and for its oxidation potential. This process of ozonation is becoming progressively an alternative technology and is inscribed in a sustainable development perspective in Algeria. In this regards, the present paper investigates the wastewater treatment process by ozone produced by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) under high potential. Three (DBD) ozone generators of cylindrical form have been used, at a laboratory scale, for treating collected samples from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the city of Sidi-Bel-Abbes located in the west of Algeria. Our experimental results reveal the efficiency of this type of treatment on the basis of the physicochemical analysis (pH, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, heavy metals) and microbial analysis downstream of the WWTP, which showed a high rate of elimination of all the parameters.

scholarly journals Toward Optimization of Wood Industry Wastewater Treatment in Microbial Fuel Cells—Mixed Wastewaters Approach

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kloch ◽  
Renata Toczyłowska-Mamińska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
External Resistance ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industry Wastewater

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has the potential to become a promising sustainable technology of wastewater treatment. Usually, the investigations on MFCs are aimed at maximized power production in the system. In this article, we focused on the optimization of wood industry wastewater treatment in MFC, in combination with municipal wastewater as a source of microorganisms. We investigated the influence of different external resistance (2000 Ω, 1000 Ω, 500 Ω, and 100 Ω) on power density and wastewater treatment efficiency (chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal) in 1-month MFC operation time. We found that the highest COD removal was for MFCs under R = 1000 Ω after 22 days of MFC operation, while the highest current density was obtained for the lowest applied resistance. The results imply that wastewater treatment parameters such as resistance and time of MFC operation should be a subject of optimization for each specific type of wastewater used, in order to maximize either wastewater treatment efficiency or power production in MFC. Thus, optimization of power production and COD removal efficiency in MFCs need to be run separately as different resistances are required for maximizing these two parameters. When COD removal efficiency is a subject of optimization, there is no universal value of external resistance, but it should be set to the specific wastewater characteristics.

Microalgae biomass production using wastewater: Treatment and costs

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Gouveia ◽  
Sofia Graça ◽  
Catarina Sousa ◽  
Lucas Ambrosano ◽  
Belina Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Microalgae Biomass
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