scholarly journals Simulation of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Attacks and the Compensative Response of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays, var. Mudishi-1 and Mudishi-3) in Southwestern DR Congo

OALib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Kabongo Tshaibukole ◽  
Gertrude Pongi Khonde ◽  
André Matondo Phongo ◽  
Nlandu Ngoma ◽  
Amand Mbuya Kankolongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Dr Congo

INFESTAÇÃO DE MILHO CRIOULO, CONVENCIONAL E TRANSGÊNICO PELA LAGARTA-DO-CARTUCHO E PELA LAGARTA-DA-ESPIGA E PARASITISMO DE OVOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
CAMILA CORRÊA VARGAS ◽  
ROSANA MATOS DE MORAIS ◽  
LUIZA RODRIGUES REDAELLI
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Trichogramma Pretiosum ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Egg Parasitism ◽  
Santa Maria

RESUMO - O objetivo foi avaliar a infestação, o parasitismo de ovos e danos da lagarta-do-cartucho, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), e da lagarta-da-espiga, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), em cultivares de milho: variedade crioulo (Lombo Baio), híbrido convencional (Semilha S395) e híbrido geneticamente modificado (Bt) (TC1507 Herculex I ®, Cry1F). O experimento foi conduzido em Santa Maria-RS, no período de segunda safra de 2014. O delineamento foi de blocos ao acaso, com três tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram registrados os danos, o número de lagartas, de posturas e o parasitismo em ovos da lagarta-do-cartucho, dos 9 aos 72 dias após a emergência das plantas (DAE). A infestação da lagarta-da-espiga e o parasitismo de ovos foram registrados dos 67 aos 101 DAE. Os danos causados pela lagarta-do-cartucho foram semelhantes entre milho crioulo e convencional, os quais foram mais elevados do que no milho geneticamente modificado Bt. O número médio de lagartas-do-cartucho foi maior em milho crioulo. A média do número total de lagartas-da-espiga foi semelhante entre milho crioulo e convencional e superior à do Bt. Foi registrado o parasitismo de ovos para a lagarta-da-espiga por Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, nas três cultivares avaliadas, com porcentagens semelhantes entre milho crioulo e convencional e superior em milho Bt. Palavras-chave: Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa zea, Trichogramma pretiosum, Zea mays, manejo de pragas. INFESTATION IN INLANDRACE, CONVENTIONAL AND TRANSGENIC CORN BY FALL ARMYWORM AND CORN EARWORM, AND EGG PARASITISM  ABSTRACT - The objective of the work was to estimate the infestation and eggs parasitism of fall armyworm (J. E. Smith) and corn earworm (Boddie), in three corn varieties: landrace (LomboBaio), conventional hybrid (Semilha S395) and genetically modified hybrid (Bt) (TC1507 Herculex I ®, Cry1F). The experiment was carried out in Santa Maria-RS, during the second-season corn crop, in 2014. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with three treatments, and four replicates. We evaluated the damages, number of larvae, number of eggs and fall armyworm egg parasitism from 9 to 72 days after emergence (DAE). The infestation of corn earworm and the eggs parasitism were measured from 67 to 101 DAE. Fall armyworm damage was similar between landrace and conventional hybrid, and both higher than those of genetically modified hybrid Bt. Average number of fall armyworm larvae was higher in landrace cultivar. The average of total number of corn earworm larvae was similar on landrace and conventional hybrid, both higher than Bt hybrid. Corn earworm eggs parasitism by Trichogramma pretiosum Riley was recorded in the three evaluated cultivars and similar parasitism percentage was observed between landrace and conventional hybrid, which was higher in Bt maize. Keywords: Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa zea, Trichogramma pretiosum, Zea mays, pest management.

FALL ARMYWORM:1 EXPRESSIONS OF ANTIBIOSIS IN SELECTED GRASSES

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Chang ◽  
B. R. Wiseman ◽  
R. E. Lynch ◽  
D. H. Habeck
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Coastal Bermudagrass ◽  
Pinto Bean

Selected grasses, ‘Coastal,’ ‘Tifton 10,’ and ‘Tifton 292’ bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., ‘common centipedegrass,’ Eremochola ophiuroides (Munro) Hack, zoysiagrass, Zoysia sp., and corn, Zea mays L., were evaluated in the laboratory as hosts for the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), in forced-feeding tests to delineate more clearly the expressions of antibiosis. Data were recorded at 5, 7, and 9 days on weights of larvae, days to pupation, weights of pupae, pupal duration and survival on the various host grasses. Corn was the most suitable host for development of fall armyworm larvae, followed by Tifton 10 and Coastal bermudagrass. Larval development was slower on common centipedegrass than on Coastal bermudagrass. Tifton 292 bermudagrass and zoysiagrass were unsuitable hosts because of nonpreference and antibiosis. Wing pad deformities in pupae and/or serious lessions in adult wings were observed when resistant grasses (e.g., centipedegrass and Tifton 292 bermudagrass) were incorporated into pinto bean diet and fed to fall armyworm larvae.

Biology of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) on maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
K.C. Ahir ◽  
M.K. Mahla ◽  
R. Swaminathan ◽  
Lekha ◽  
N.L. Dangi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Fall Armyworm

scholarly journals TECNOLOGIA DE APLICAÇÃO DE INSETICIDAS NO CONTROLE DA LAGARTA-DO-CARTUCHO NA CULTURA DO MILHO

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL MARCÃO TAVARES ◽  
JOÃO EDUARDO RIBEIRO DA SILVA ◽  
GUILHERME SOUSA ALVES ◽  
THALES CASSEMIRO ALVES ◽  
SÉRGIO MACEDO SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Insecticide Efficacy

RESUMO – A lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) é uma praga-chave na cultura do milho, e aplicações de inseticidas têm sido necessárias para reduzir a população do inseto. O controle desta praga tem sido difícil porque a lagarta encontra-se comumente protegida no interior do cartucho, o que pode reduzir a deposição e eficácia do inseticida. Portanto, este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de taxas de aplicação, pontas de pulverização e inseticidas no controle de S. frugiperda no milho. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2 + 1 com quatro repetições. Os fatores foram duas taxas de aplicação (100 e 200 L ha-1), duas pontas de pulverização (jato plano com e sem com indução de ar) e dois inseticidas (triflumuron e fenpropatrina). Também se utilizou um tratamento controle correspondente à aplicação de clorpirifós utilizando a ponta jato plano simples na taxa de 200 L ha-1. As características avaliadas foram espectro de gotas, deposição de calda, eficácia biológica e produtividade da cultura. A taxa de aplicação de 100 L ha-1 produziu maior deposição de calda do que a 200 L ha-1 para ambas as pontas de pulverização e não reduziu a eficácia dos inseticidas. Ambos os inseticidas tiveram eficácias semelhantes no controle da lagarta-do-cartucho aos 10 dias após a aplicação (DAA), embora a eficácia do inseticida fenpropatrina tenha sido maior do que a do triflumuron aos 3 DAA.Palavras-chave: lagarta-do-cartucho, Zea mays, ponta de pulverização, taxa de aplicação, manejo de pragas.INSECTICIDE APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY ON FALL ARMYWORM CONTROL IN CORNABSTRACT - The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a key pest in corn, and insecticide applications have been needed to reduce the insect population. The fall armyworm has been difficult to control because its larvae is commonly protected in the whorl of corn, which may reduce insecticide deposition and its efficacy. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of application rate, nozzle type and insecticide on control of S. frugiperda in corn. Experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design and a 2 x 2 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme with four replications. The factors were two application rates (100 e 200 L ha-1), two hydraulic nozzles (standard and air induction flat-fan) and two insecticides (triflumuron and fenpropathrin). An additional treatment was also included, composed of chlorpyrifos sprayed at 200 L ha-1 using a standard flat-fan nozzle. Parameters of interest were droplet spectrum, spray deposition, biological efficacy and crop yield. A 100 L ha-1 application rate produced greater spray deposition than at 200 L ha-1 for both nozzle types and did not reduce the insecticide efficacy. At 10 days after application (DAA) both insecticides provided similar efficacy on fall armyworm control, although it was greater using fenpropathrin than triflumuron at 3 DAA.Keywords: fall armyworm, Zea mays, spray nozzle, spray volume, pest management.

scholarly journals Efecto de la aplicación de Bacillus thuringiensis en el control del gusano cogollero (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) del híbrido de Maíz (Zea mays) INIAP H-551 en la comuna Río Verde provincia de Santa Elena

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Andres Drouet Candell
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Santa Elena ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Different Doses

El maíz es uno de los principales cultivos que se siembra en el litoral ecuatoriano, atacado fundamentalmente por  Spodoptera frugiperda.  Por lo que esta investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) en el control del gusano cogollero (Spodoptera frugiperda) del híbrido de maíz (Zea mays) INIAP H-551 en la comuna Río Verde provincia de Santa Elena. Se realizó una investigación aplicada y experimental, en la que se estudiaron dos variables: el efecto del BT sobre el cogollero y la población del cogollero en el cultivo de maíz. Se establecieron siete tratamientos, con cinco dosis diferentes de BT, las dosis fueron comparadas con dos tratamientos, uno químico y el tratamiento testigo. Se demostró que el testigo absoluto fue el tratamiento más atacado y que las aplicaciones de BT  y de cipermetrina no permitieron que se llegara al umbral de daño económico del cultivo. Se recomienda emplear el BT como una alternativa tecnológica limpia para el control del gusano cogollero, con el fin de disminuir la contaminación de los suelos y las aguas, así como evitar que se introduzcan sustancias nocivas en la cadena alimenticia. ABSTRACT Corn is a major crop that is planted in the Ecuadorian coastline, primarily attacked by Spodoptera frugiperda. So, this research aims to evaluate the effect of the application of Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) in controlling fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) of hybrid corn (Zea mays) INIAP H-551 in Rio Verde commune province of Santa Elena. An applied and experimental research was conducted in which two variables were studied: the effect on BT armyworm and fall armyworm population in maize. Seven treatments were established with five different doses of BT, doses were compared with two treatments, one chemical and the control treatment. It was demonstrated that the absolute control was the most targeted treatment and applications of BT and cypermethrin did not allow it reached the threshold of economic damage to the crop. It is recommended to use BT technology as a clean alternative for armyworm control in order to reduce contamination of soil and water, as well as prevent harmful substances entering the food chain.

EFEITO DO AUMENTO DA DENSIDADE DE LARVAS DE Spodoptera frugiperda EM MILHO CONVENCIONAL EM CASA DE VEGETAÇÃO

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
LETÍCIA HELLWIG ◽  
ANDERSON DIONEI GRUTZMACHER ◽  
PATRÍCIA MARQUES DOS SANTOS ◽  
CALISC DE OLIVEIRA TRECHA ◽  
LAUREN BITTENCOURT MEDINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Artificial Infestation ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

 RESUMO - A produção de milho tem sofrido grandes avanços, propiciando aumento de produtividade, no entanto, esta é diretamente afetada pelo ataque de insetos desde o plantio até a sua utilização. Neste contexto, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) é considerada o principal inseto-praga. Para a cultura do milho já existem níveis de controle definidos, entretanto, mesmo utilizando os já estabelecidos, ocorrem perdas na produção. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi reavaliar o nível de dano de S. frugiperda em milho convencional BG7060, por meio de infestação artificial com diferentes densidades populacionais de lagartas (0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 e 20 lagartas planta-1) em plantas no estádio fenológico V4-V8 (folhas completamente expandidas) em condições de casa de vegetação. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que o aumento do número de lagartas de S. frugiperda por planta afeta todas as variáveis relacionadas à produtividade, exceto a altura de planta e comprimento da espiga, propiciando uma menor produtividade. Constatou-se que o nível de controle de S. frugiperda para o híbrido BG7060 no estádios V4-V8 é 29% de plantas atacadas em uma amostragem de 100 plantas, quando ocorre uma lagarta planta-1.Palavras-chave: nível de controle, monitoramento, manejo integrado de pragas, Zea mays L. LEVEL OF DAMAGE OF FALL ARMYWORM, Spodoptera frugiperda, IN CONVENTIONAL MAIZE IN GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS  ABSTRACT - The maize production has advanced considerably providing an increase in productivity, however, this is directly affected by the insect attack in all phases. In this context, the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is considered the main insect-pest. There is a control levels set for the maize production, however, using the level of control already established, production losses occur. In this sense, the purposes of the study was re-evaluate the level of damage of the S. frugiperda in conventional maize, BG7060, through artificial infestation with different populational densities (0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 caterpillars plant-1), of plants at V4-V8 phenological stage (fully expanded leaves) in green house conditions. The results obtained highlighted that the increase in the number of caterpillars of S. frugiperda by plant affects all variables related to productivity, except the plant height and length of the ear, providing a smaller productivity. It was found that the control level of S. frugiperda for the BG7060 maize for V4-V8 stage is 29% of attacked plants in a sample of 100 plants, when there is one caterpillar per plant.Keywords: level control, monitoring, integrated pest management, Zea mays L.

Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in South Kivu, DR Congo: Understanding How Season and Environmental Conditions Influence Field Scale Infestations

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Marcellin Cuma Cokola ◽  
Yannick Mugumaarhahama ◽  
Grégoire Noël ◽  
Léon Muzee Kazamwali ◽  
Espoir Basengere Bisimwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
South Kivu ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Biopesticidal Properties of Aqueous Crude Extracts of Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) Against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda J.E Smith) on Maize Foliage (Zea Mays L.) Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p47
Author(s):  
Nyasha Sakadzo ◽  
Kasirai Makaza ◽  
Liberty Chikata
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L

Pesticidal plants offer valuable and sustainable options for managing Lepidopteran pests with considerable health, environmental and economic benefits in smallholder agro-ecosystem. This study Biopesticidal properties of aqueous crude extracts of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) against fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith) on maize foliage (Zea mays L.) diets. Bio-efficacy of aqueous crude N. tabacum leaf extracts was evaluated under average room temperature at Great Zimbabwe University, Biology laboratory. The treatments were tobacco leaf extracts at four dosage levels (25 %, 33.33%, 41.67 % and 50% W/V ) and a negative control of untreated maize leaf foliage (distilled water) was used. A positive control of Carbaryl 85% WP was also used at label rates. The experiment was arranged in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) replicated three times. Five larvae were placed into each of the experimental jars with maize foliage diets drenched into 10ml of distilled water in each treatment extract to keep the maize leaf foliage moist. Mortality for each treatment was recorded at 2 hourly intervals for 20 hours. Results showed that tobacco crude aqueous leaf extracts had Antifeedent activities against FAW larvae. The highest dose of 50% had significantly higher mean FAW larval mortalities (p< 0.05) than lower dosage (25%) and the negative control after 20 hours. However, 50% concentration was not significantly different (p>0.05) from the positive control and that of 33.33% and 41.67% dosages. The bioassay indicated that the 33.33% extract was superior in toxicity to 25% dose and the negative control but similar to higher extract doses though inferior to positive control. However, the mean mortality of 50% extract was not significantly different (p<0.05) from that of the positive control. This study recommends that 50% tobacco aqueous crude leaf extract dose to be used when controlling FAW in maize in the smallholder sector.

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