Investigation for Observing Presence and Distribution of Phenolic Resin in Friction Materials

Mineral fillers are indispensable constituent part of friction materials, which are capable of improving and stabilizing coefficient of friction, decreasing wear, enhancing thermal conductivity and reducing costs of friction materials, in addition, decreasing the noise in brake application. Based on their roles in the friction materials, mineral fillers are classified into abrasives, lubricants, functional fillers, and space fillers. Herein, four typical commercial mineral fillers, namely quartz, graphite, expanded vermiculite, and barite were studied for revealing their effects on the performance of friction materials. The composition, thermal stability, structural characteristics such as surface area, pore volume, and distribution of the pore size, and thermal conductivity of these mineral fillers were researched mainly by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry (DSC-TG), N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, and thermal conductivity tester. Moreover, in order to illustrate the interfacial characteristics of mineral-based in friction materials, four ideal brake pads only consisting of mineral filler, BaSO4 and phenolic resin were prepared. Microstructure and combination of mineral fillers and phenolic resin were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarizing microscope, and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that different types of material fillers had special functions for friction materials, and they combined with phenolic resin mainly in a physical way.

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Sliding Behavior and Particle Emissions of Cu-Free Friction Materials with Different Contents of Phenolic Resin

Tribology Transactions ◽

10.1080/10402004.2020.1753870 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 770-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Paula Gomes Nogueira ◽

Mara Leonardi ◽

Giovanni Straffelini ◽

Stefano Gialanella

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Resin ◽

Particle Emissions ◽

Friction Materials

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Research of Nanometer TiO2/PF Composites and the Properties of Semi-Metallic Friction Material

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.239 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 631-632 ◽

pp. 239-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hua Wei Nie ◽

Yuan Kang Zhou ◽

Yang Cao ◽

Guo Qing Li

Keyword(s):

Wear Rate ◽

Friction And Wear ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Friction Material ◽

Carbon Residue ◽

Wear Property ◽

Friction Materials ◽

Thermal Analyzer ◽

Made In ◽

Metallic Friction

A type of phenolic resin (PF) was prepared by using TiO2 nanoparticles modified with KH-550 as composite filler and modifier, and then the composite modified PF were used as adhesive to prepare semi-metallic friction materials samples. TG analysis of the prepared nano-TiO2 /PF composites was conducted on SETARAM-TG2DSC92216 thermal analyzer that was made in France, and the friction and wear property comparison tests of the samples were carried out on XD-MSM fixed speed friction-wear machine. The results show that the heat resistance of phenolic resin after being compositely modified by TiO2 nanoparticles can be improved, carbon residue rate increases10% at 600°C；the friction coefficient of the corresponding sample slightly increases；the wear rate clearly decreases at high temperature, and wear rate decreases 10% at 350°C.

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Thermal behavior of N-Methylaniline modified phenolic friction composites

Polymers and Polymer Composites ◽

10.1177/09673911211020718 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096739112110207

Author(s):

Yusubov Fikrat Fakhraddin

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Degradation Mechanism ◽

Thermal Characteristics ◽

Friction Materials ◽

Binder Material ◽

Thermal Stability Of ◽

Decomposition Properties

This article discusses observations on thermal stability, decomposition properties and degradation of organic components of friction composite materials fabricated by powder metallurgy techniques. N-Methylaniline modified phenolic resin used as a binder material in the preparation of composite materials. Thermogravimetry method was used to study the thermal properties of the samples. The experiments were performed on a TGA Q50 (TA Instrument) in an oxygen atmosphere. In order to better assess the thermal characteristics of the composites, the analyses were carried out by separating thermographs into three parts according to the degradation mechanism. The obtained results helped to assess the thermal stability of the friction materials. The degradation of phenolic resin was observed in the temperature range of 312–362°C. It was found that barite and copper-graphite particles improve the thermal characteristics of the samples.

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Gas-Free Phenolic Resin for Friction Materials

10.4271/2006-01-3186 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Matsuo ◽

Shinichi Ozeki

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Resin ◽

Friction Materials

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CAD of Friction Material for Automobile Brake Using Artificial Neural Networks

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3832 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 121-126 ◽

pp. 3832-3836

Author(s):

You Xi Lin ◽

Cheng Hui Gao ◽

Zhi Hua Chen

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Artificial Neural Networks ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Steel Fiber ◽

Friction Coefficients ◽

Friction Materials ◽

Input Parameters ◽

Artificial Neural ◽

Automotive Brake

The brake friction materials in an automotive brake system are considered as one of the key components for overall braking performance of a vehicle. Temperature sensitivity of friction materials has always been a critical aspect while ensuring their smooth and reliable functioning, and that sensitivity need to be constantly optimized. The performance of friction materials at elevated temperatures is defined by their fading performance.In this paper,a group of non-asbestos organic based friction materials containing different relative amounts of the ingredients of aluminosilicate fiber, steel fiber, phenolic resin and Cu powder mostly effecting on the tribological properties of designed brake material were manufactured by compression molding. Dry sliding friction characteristics of composites were tested on a model JF150D-II pad-on-disk type friction tester. A model of feed-forward artificial neural networks (ANN) consisting of four input neurons, six output neurons and one hidden layer, was used for the analysis and prediction of the correlation between material components and friction performance. The input parameters of ANN were the contents of four main components as aluminosilicate fiber, steel fiber, phenolic resin and Cu powder. The outputs were the friction coefficients of brake material against cast iron at six different operating tempetures from 100°C to 350°C. Based on ANN model trained successfully by 25 pieces samples, genetic algorithm(GA) was used to optimize the input parameters of compositions of brake material with the goal of minimizing fluctuation of friction coefficients at 100°C to 350°C. The optimum composition of brake material was obtained. The friction experiments of optimized material showed excellent stability of friction coefficients for automotive brake material as test temperatures increased from 100°C to 350°C. The neural network has impressive potential for solving time-consuming problems for the design of automobile brake material.

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