Application of Theoretical Models to Exercise Behavior among Employed Women

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bess H. Marcus ◽  
Bernardine M. Pinto ◽  
Laurey R. Simkin ◽  
Janet E. Audrain ◽  
Elaine R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Employed Women

Purpose. This study examines the utility of three theoretical models—the stages of change model, self-efficacy theory, and the decisional balance model—in understanding exercise behavior among employed women. Design. Data for this cross-sectional study were collected as part of a routine follow-up of a worksite-based smoking and health risk appraisal study. Setting. The study was conducted in three Rhode Island worksites, including one manufacturing company, one medical center, and one retail outlet. Subjects. Of a sample of 431 women who completed exercise questionnaires, 293 reported participation in a physical activity over the previous week. The average age of the sample was 41.1 years, and mean years of education was 12.8. Measures. Previously validated measures to determine stage of exercise behavior, exercise self-efficacy, exercise decisional balance, and physical activity participation were administered. Additional demographic information was also obtained. Results. Frequency counts revealed that 39% of the population was sedentary, 34% were participating in irregular activity, and 27% were active. MANOVAs followed by one way ANOVAs revealed that women in Precontemplation scored the lowest and those in Maintenance scored the highest on the self-efficacy, pro, and decisional-balance indices, with the trend reversed on the con scale. A chi-square test revealed that women with one or more young children in the home were more likely to be in a lower stage of exercise adoption. Conclusions. Most of the women in this cross-sectional study did not engage in regular activity. Presence of young children in the home was significantly related to decreased activity. The results are limited by the nonrandomized, and cross-sectional nature of the study design. Data suggest that, with multiple roles and responsibilities, women may be better served by stage-matched interventions to increase physical activity.

scholarly journals Dyspnea And Outcome Expectations Are Associated With Physical Activity In Persons With Pneumoconiosis: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro kawaji ◽  
Takashi Hasegawa ◽  
Yasushi Uchiyama
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: There are various reports on factors associated with physical activity in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. However, there are no studies on the relationship between physical activity and psychological or environmental factors. In this study, we investigated the relationship between physical activity and psychological and environmental factors using questionnaires for patients with pneumoconiosis.Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study of patients with pneumoconiosis who underwent pneumoconiosis health examination in 2019. A self-administered questionnaire was used to conduct the study. Physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and subjective symptoms (dyspnea and quality of life [QOL]), environmental factors (environment around home and life space), psychological factors (depression, stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance, and outcome expectations), and others (e.g., experience with pulmonary rehabilitation) were investigated.Results: The number of respondents in the study was 185 (men: 171, women: 14). Age, dyspnea, stage of change, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, QOL, depression, decisional balance, and life space were significantly correlated with physical activity. In the multivariate analysis, outcome expectations and dyspnea were extracted as independent factors. In the path analysis, outcome expectations and dyspnea had a direct influence on physical activity. Dyspnea directly impacted not only physical activity but also outcome expectations, stage of change, QOL, life space, and depression.Conclusions: Dyspnea and outcome expectations were associated with physical activity in patients with pneumoconiosis. To improve the physical activity of patients with pneumoconiosis, it is necessary not only to improve dyspnea but also to promote an understanding of physical activity.

scholarly journals What is the relationship between parental support, self-efficacy and physical activity in young students? A pilot cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 01002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ruiz-Ariza ◽  
Manuel de la Torre-Cruz ◽  
Sebastián López-Serrano ◽  
Emilio J. Martínez-López
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Students ◽  
The Relationship

Work-site wellness programmes in Sweden: a cross-sectional study of physical activity, self-efficacy, and health

Public Health ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gånedahl ◽  
P. Zsaludek Viklund ◽  
K. Carlén ◽  
E. Kylberg ◽  
J. Ekberg
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Site

Self-Efficacy, Social-Support, and Physical Activity Measures Among Hospital Employees: A Multisite Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 548-556
Author(s):  
Jemima C. John ◽  
Shreela V. Sharma ◽  
Deanna Hoelscher ◽  
Michael D. Swartz ◽  
Chuck Huber
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Employees ◽  
Family Social Support ◽  
Activity Measures

Introduction: Associations across self-efficacy, social support, and multiple measures of physical activity (PA) have not been thoroughly explored in hospital employees. Methods: Validated surveys assessed psychosocial factors; the IPAQ-long assessed PA, and mixed-effects analyses examined relations between psychosocial variables and PA in 920 employees from 6 Texas hospitals. Results: At P <.05, self-efficacy was significantly associated with light (β = 1.67), moderate (β = 1.63), and vigorous (β = 2.78) leisure PA; with domestic PA (β = 1.64); and with moderate commute PA (β = 0.03). At P < .05, family social-support was significantly associated with light (β = 0.94), moderate (β = 0.63), and vigorous (β = .74) leisure PA; with moderate (β = 0.46) and vigorous (β = 1.24) occupation PA; with light (β = 0.58) and moderate (β = 0.20) commute PA; and with domestic PA (β = 1.18). At P < .05, social support from friends was significantly associated with light (β = 0.74), moderate (β = 0.58), and vigorous (β = .91) leisure PA; with moderate commute (β = 0.21); and with domestic PA (β = 0.82). Conclusion: Interventions must emphasize self-efficacy–building strategies and the role of family support to meaningfully impact PA behaviors in uniquethis unique population.

Neighborhood environment and physical activity among young children: A cross-sectional study from Sweden

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Weimann ◽  
Jonas Björk ◽  
Lars Rylander ◽  
Patrick Bergman ◽  
Gabriele Eiben
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Participants at Norwegian Healthy Life Centres: Who are they, why do they attend and how are they motivated? A cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gro Beate Samdal ◽  
Eivind Meland ◽  
Geir Egil Eide ◽  
Sveinung Berntsen ◽  
Eirik Abildsnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life

Aims: We examine the characteristics of participants entering Norwegian Healthy Life Centres, their reasons for attending and whether socio-economic status, motivation, self-efficacy and social support relate to physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Methods: This cross-sectional study is part of a randomised controlled trial. Inclusion criteria are that participants should be ≥ 18 years old and able to take part in a physical activity group intervention. Exclusion criteria are severe mental illness and general learning disability. We analysed data using simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: We recruited 118 participants from eight Norwegian municipalities between June 2014 and September 2015. Of these, 77% were female, mean (standard deviation) age 48.6 (13.4) years, body mass index 34.0 (5.8) kg/m2 and mean gross family income €61,000. The proportion of participants with upper-secondary school or less as their highest level of education was 55%. The most frequent reasons given for attendance at Healthy Life Centres were being overweight, increasing physical activity, improving diet and having musculoskeletal health challenges. Participants had high levels of autonomous motivation and 79% achieved national recommendations for physical activity. Respect and appreciation in childhood, self-esteem and self-rated health were associated with self-efficacy and social support for physical activity. Conclusions: Participants were predominantly obese, physically active, female and motivated for change. A high proportion had low educational attainment and low incomes. The trial will reveal whether interventions succeed in increasing physical activity further, or in decreasing sedentary behaviour, and whether health inequalities narrow or widen across groups.

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