scholarly journals The chronology of Jäkärlä Ware – Bayesian interpretation of the old and new radiocarbon dates from Early and Middle Neolithic southwest Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 246-267
Author(s):  
Petro Pesonen ◽  
Markku Oinonen
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Potential Reservoir

The chronology of the eastern Fennoscandian Neolithic is organized with the help of pottery styles, one of which is southwestern Finnish Jäkärlä Ware. In this paper a number of new radiocarbon dates connected with Jäkärlä Ware and other relevant ceramic groups are presented and discussed. The radiocarbon dates of each group are modelled within a Bayesian chronological framework. Also, the potential reservoir effect in charred crust dates is estimated for each date based on stable carbon isotopic ratios of the crust samples and incorporated into models. Jäkärlä Ware appears to be a short-living and quite a isolated group, which had no chronological contacts with Sperrings 1–2 Wares, but with possible coexistence with Middle Neolithic Typical Comb Ware. Jäkärlä Ware is partly simultaneous with eastern Finnish asbestos-tempered Kaunissaari Ware, and forms with it a short chronological horizon in the turn of the Early and Middle Neolithic of eastern Fennoscandia.

scholarly journals The chronology of Jäkärlä Ware – Bayesian interpretation of the old and new radiocarbon dates from Early and Middle Neolithic southwest Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 246-267
Author(s):  
Petro Pesonen ◽  
Markku Oinonen
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Potential Reservoir

The chronology of the eastern Fennoscandian Neolithic is organized with the help of pottery styles, one of which is southwestern Finnish Jäkärlä Ware. In this paper a number of new radiocarbon dates connected with Jäkärlä Ware and other relevant ceramic groups are presented and discussed. The radiocarbon dates of each group are modelled within a Bayesian chronological framework. Also, the potential reservoir effect in charred crust dates is estimated for each date based on stable carbon isotopic ratios of the crust samples and incorporated into models. Jäkärlä Ware appears to be a short-living and quite a isolated group, which had no chronological contacts with Sperrings 1–2 Wares, but with possible coexistence with Middle Neolithic Typical Comb Ware. Jäkärlä Ware is partly simultaneous with eastern Finnish asbestos-tempered Kaunissaari Ware, and forms with it a short chronological horizon in the turn of the Early and Middle Neolithic of eastern Fennoscandia.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations of stable carbon isotopic ratios and biogenic tracer compounds of water-soluble organic aerosols in a deciduous forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 30773-30795
Author(s):  
Y. Miyazaki ◽  
P. Fu ◽  
K. Kawamura ◽  
Y. Mizoguchi ◽  
K. Yamanoi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Organic Aerosols ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Carbon Isotopic

Abstract. To investigate the seasonal changes in biogenic water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) aerosols in a boreal forest, aerosol samples were collected continuously in the canopy of a~deciduous forest in Northern Japan during 2009–2010. Stable carbon isotopic ratios of WSOC (δ13CWSOC) in aerosols exhibited a distinct seasonal cycle, with lower values from June through September (−25.5 ± 0.5‰). This cycle follows the net CO2 exchange between the forest ecosystem and the atmosphere, indicating that δ13CWSOC likely reflects the biological activity at the forest site. WSOC concentrations showed the highest values in early summer and autumn. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis indicated that the factor in which biogenic secondary organic aerosols (BSOAs) dominated accounted for ~ 40% of the highest concentrations of WSOC, where BSOAs mostly consisted of α-/β-pinene SOA. In addition, primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) made similar contributions (~ 57%) to the WSOC near the canopy floor in early summer. This finding indicates that the production of both primary and secondary WSOC aerosols is important during the growing season in a deciduous forest. The methanesulfonic acid (MSA) maximum was also found in early summer and had a distinct vertical gradient with larger concentrations near the canopy floor. Together with the similar vertical gradients found for WSOC and δ13CWSOCas well as the α-/β-pinene SOA tracers, our results indicate that the forest floor, including ground vegetation and soil, acts as a significant source of the WSOC within a~forest canopy at the study site.

scholarly journals Biosignatures of ancient microbial life are present across the igneous crust of the Fennoscandian shield

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Drake ◽  
Nick M. W. Roberts ◽  
Manuel Reinhardt ◽  
Martin Whitehouse ◽  
Magnus Ivarsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fennoscandian Shield ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Deep Biosphere ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Microbial Life ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Vein Mineral ◽  
Methyl Branched Fatty Acids

AbstractEarth’s crust contains a substantial proportion of global biomass, hosting microbial life up to several kilometers depth. Yet, knowledge of the evolution and extent of life in this environment remains elusive and patchy. Here we present isotopic, molecular and morphological signatures for deep ancient life in vein mineral specimens from mines distributed across the Precambrian Fennoscandian shield. Stable carbon isotopic signatures of calcite indicate microbial methanogenesis. In addition, sulfur isotope variability in pyrite, supported by stable carbon isotopic signatures of methyl-branched fatty acids, suggest subsequent bacterial sulfate reduction. Carbonate geochronology constrains the timing of these processes to the Cenozoic. We suggest that signatures of an ancient deep biosphere and long-term microbial activity are present throughout this shield. We suggest that microbes may have been active in the continental igneous crust over geological timescales, and that subsurface investigations may be valuable in the search for extra-terrestrial life.

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