scholarly journals Metamorphōsis Between Ovid, The Theōsis Of Andrew Of Crete And The Byzantine Humanism Of Leo Vi

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Jan Dominik Bogataj
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Spiritual Transformation ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Crucial Difference

The paper addresses the Greek term μεταμόρφωσις, which links Ovid’s famous Metamorphoses with Christ’s transfiguration on the mountain (Mt 17:1–8; Mk 9:2–8; Lk 9:28–36). In addition to early Jewish mystical and apocalyptic traditions, it is Greco-Roman pagan literature that may be identified as a source for this gospel account. The latter went on to elicit a rich patristic and Byzantine response (Andrew of Crete, In transfigurationem 1 [Or. 7]; Leo VI the Wise, Hom. 10.11.39), which is the focus of the present study. The comparison of literary genres, philological and semantic analysis of the term μεταμόρφωσις, and confrontation of the different influences reveals the crucial difference between the two general contexts (pagan and Christian), at the same time enhancing our understanding of both. While Ovid’s numerous apotheoses are recognised as an important contribution, they differ from the patristic term θέωσις in their lack of inner, spiritual transformation.

Das frühe Christentum und die Bildung

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udo Schnelle
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
Roman Religion ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Urban Congregations ◽  
Intellectual Level

Early Christianity is often regarded as an entirely lower-class phenomenon, and thus characterised by a low educational and cultural level. This view is false for several reasons. (1) When dealing with the ancient world, inferences cannot be made from the social class to which one belongs to one's educational and cultural level. (2) We may confidently state that in the early Christian urban congregations more than 50 per cent of the members could read and write at an acceptable level. (3) Socialisation within the early congregations occurred mainly through education and literature. No religious figure before (or after) Jesus Christ became so quickly and comprehensively the subject of written texts! (4) The early Christians emerged as a creative and thoughtful literary movement. They read the Old Testament in a new context, they created new literary genres (gospels) and reformed existing genres (the Pauline letters, miracle stories, parables). (5) From the very beginning, the amazing literary production of early Christianity was based on a historic strategy that both made history and wrote history. (6) Moreover, early Christians were largely bilingual, and able to accept sophisticated texts, read them with understanding, and pass them along to others. (7) Even in its early stages, those who joined the new Christian movement entered an educated world of language and thought. (8) We should thus presuppose a relatively high intellectual level in the early Christian congregations, for a comparison with Greco-Roman religion, local cults, the mystery religions, and the Caesar cult indicates that early Christianity was a religion with a very high literary production that included critical reflection and refraction.

scholarly journals SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF LITERARY TERMS BY LITERARY TYPES IN “THE CONCISE OXFORD DICTIONARY OF LITERATURE TERMS”

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-138
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Oxford Dictionary ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
The Given ◽  
Theory Of Literature

The scientific research shows that literary terms in the Germanic languages were not studied uniformly. Literary terms, which were the subject of our research, have hardly been studied in the Slavic, Roman and Germanic languages. Objectives and methods: Therefore, it is relevant to study the terms of philosophy, culture and spirituality, ethics, aesthetics, religion, linguistics and especially literary criticism. The degree of study and significance of literary terms are carried out in the given article. The article also gives information about the dictionary of Chris Baldick –The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms and the significant aspects of literary terms. Terms belonged to the theory of literature, its history, process and dramatic works are discussed. Epic, lyric and dramatic terms of literary genres were analyzed by thematic groups and the author's opinion on the interpretation of terms is expressed and explained in the article. Results: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of literary terms by Chris Baldick contains 1060 literary terms. These terms were divided into semantic groups according to literary types. Literary terms were grouped into epic, lyrical, and dramatic literary types. Literary terms in the dictionary were originally classified and studied in three main groups of literary type: prose, poetry, and drama. Conclusions: In the course of the research, it was noticed that there are some terms which can be included into both lyric and epic, or epic and dramatic, or to all three literary types. In addition, despite the existence of literary terms in the dictionary, there were also terms that did not belong to any literary type or genre and expressed general concepts in the literature that were also studied in a separate group. In the dictionary, we have analyzed the semantic groups included 142 epic, 329 lyrical, 110 dramatic, 330 terms belong to all three literary types and 149 terms that are not included in any literary type, which were further studied in small groups during our study.

Boethius'sConsolation of Philosophyand the Greco-Roman Consolatory Tradition

Traditio ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Antonio Donato
Keyword(s):  
Literary Genre ◽  
Menippean Satire ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Philosophical Dialogue ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Consolation Of Philosophy

The scholarship on the literary genre of Boethius'sConsolation of Philosophy(henceforthConsolatio) proposes a surprising interpretation: theConsolatiois not a consolation in spite of its title and overt goal. Typically, scholars of the consolatory genre simply note that theConsolatioshould not be considered together with ancient and medieval consolations. Scholars of theConsolatio, however, offer specific reasons as to why Boethius's text is not a consolation. One is stylistic: some interpreters (Curley, Dronke, Marenbon, Pabst, Payne, Relihan) argue that the prosimetric style in which theConsolatiois written is typical of a “Menippean satire” and does not befit a consolation. The content of theConsolatiois also considered to be at odds with the consolatory genre: Boethius's text is interpreted as promising a consolation that either is not delivered (Payne, Relihan) or is only partially achieved (Marenbon). Finally, some scholars (O'Daly, Gruber, Rand, Reiss, Shanzer) hold that because theConsolatiopresents features that are typical of several literary genres (i.e., Menippean satire, philosophical dialogue, exhortation to philosophy, etc.) it is impossible to classify Boethius's last work as belonging exclusively to one genre or another — the text should, thus, be regarded as an “eclectic” work.

scholarly journals The moral power of the word: Ethical literature in Antiquity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Przemysław Paczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Transformation ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Fighting Spirit ◽  
Moral Power

AbstractAccording to an old legend, during the Messenian Wars in Laconia in the 8th and 7th centuries BC, the Athenians sent the poet Tyrtaeus to the Spartans who were close to being defeated; he aroused in them the fighting spirit and renewed Spartan virtues. Philosophers in antiquity believed in the psychagogical power of the word, and this belief provided the foundation for ancient ethical literature, whose main purpose was to call for a spiritual transformation and to convert to philosophy. In this paper, I would like to demonstrate what tradition philosophy referred to in these efforts; what concept of man supported that belief; finally, what literary genres were used by ancient philosophers in ethics.

scholarly journals Classifying literary genres

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-101
Author(s):  
Abdulfattah Omar
Keyword(s):  
Text Classification ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
Genre Classification ◽  
Contextual Variability ◽  
Improved Performance

Classifying literary genres has always been methodologically confined to philological methods and what is commonly known as Vector Space Clustering (VSC). The problem has been exasperated with the widening gap between computational theory and traditional analysis of literary texts. Towards finding a solution to this problem, the current study utilizes a synergetic approach that brings together two established methods. First, a computational model of genre classification is drawn upon for identifying concept-based, rather than word-bound, topics, where the representation of texts is secured via the ‘bag of concepts’ (BOC) model as well as the sense-restricted knowledge and meaningful links holding between and among concepts; relatedly, the two model strands of explicit semantic analysis (ESA) and ConceptNet have enacted text classification. Second, a contextual lexical semantic approach (CRUSE, 1986, 2000) is employed so that the contextual variability of word meanings and concepts can be tackled within the confines of the target literary genres classified. The findings of present study have shown that the current composite approach of computational and semantic models has resulted in improved performance in classifying literary genres, especially with respect to delineating the links between each cluster’s document-members and generalizing about their unifying genre. Further implications have emerged from the present study, namely, the benefits reserved for digital libraries and the process of archiving, where literary-text classification has proven problematic to both users and readers in many cases.

Feel Thine Own Self – Mood Congruency Evaluation of Emotional State Adjectives

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Szczepan J. Grzybowski ◽  
Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽  
Jan Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Mood Induction ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Negativity Bias ◽  
Positive Potential ◽  
Semantic Access ◽  
Current Mood ◽  
Component Time

Abstract. The goal of the study was to explore event-related potential (ERP) differences during the processing of emotional adjectives that were evaluated as congruent or incongruent with the current mood. We hypothesized that the first effects of congruence evaluation would be evidenced during the earliest stages of semantic analysis. Sixty mood adjectives were presented separately for 1,000 ms each during two sessions of mood induction. After each presentation, participants evaluated to what extent the word described their mood. The results pointed to incongruence marking of adjective’s meaning with current mood during early attention orientation and semantic access stages (the P150 component time window). This was followed by enhanced processing of congruent words at later stages. As a secondary goal the study also explored word valence effects and their relation to congruence evaluation. In this regard, no significant effects were observed on the ERPs; however, a negativity bias (enhanced responses to negative adjectives) was noted on the behavioral data (RTs), which could correspond to the small differences traced on the late positive potential.

Spiritual transformation and character strength development

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Schnitker ◽  
Justin L. Barrett ◽  
Robert A. Emmons
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Transformation ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Character Strength
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