scholarly journals Prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Trauma Patients in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Semagn Mekonnen Abate ◽  
Bedru Jemal Abafita ◽  
Tesfanew Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Medical Care System

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of mortality and disability in young age populations, particularly in children and adolescents. The objective of this systematic review and metaanalysis was to assess the prevalence of TBI among trauma patients in Ethiopia. Methods: A three-stage search strategy was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Science Direct and African Journals Online, and a grey literature search was conducted on Google Scholar. Data were analyzed with R version 3.6.1. Results: The pooled prevalence of TBI in Ethiopia was 20% (95% confidence interval (CI), 11–32). Subgroup analysis revealed that road traffic accident was the commonest mechanism of injury in Ethiopia at 21% (95% IC, 15– 30), next was assault at 18% (95% CI, 5–48). Conclusion: This review shows a high prevalence of TBI among trauma patients in Ethiopia when compared with continental and global reports. Policymakers and stakeholders should work on regulatory laws on transportation; pre-hospital emergency medical care system is also in high demand.Keywords: Head injury, Road traffic accident, Assault, Ethiopia

Remarks on patients with traumatic brain injury due to traffic accident related to alcohol comsumption treated in Vietduc hospital after implementing the decree 100

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duc Chinh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Risk Of Death

Purpose: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is still considered as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality of victims by traffic accident. Despite a fact that many measurements and preventions have been applied, the rate of TBI is remained high. Aim of this study was to investigate treatment process of TBI caused by road traffic accident at Viet Duc Hospital after the Decree 100 which has been issued in Vietnam in early 2020. Materials and method: A retrospective and prospective study has been conducted in Viet Duc Hospital from Dec, 2020 to March, 2021. All the patients with TBI by road traffic accident were enrolled. Severity of TBI was identified by Glasgow Scale (GCS) and BAC (Blood Alcohol Concentration) test taken on arrival. The data was collected from medical record as well as autopsy report and analysed by SPSS.20.0 Results: A total of 150 patients with TBI by road traffic accidents were enrolled, age group from 21 to 60 years old accounted for 64%, male accounted for 86.7%. Associated injuries were maxillofacial lesions 48%, extremities 24.7%, chest accounted for 20%. Severity of TBI with GCS 6 - 8 was the highest rate 52%, from 3 - 5 GCS accounted for 30%. 40% were operated on emergency; BAC was positive 46.7%, of which over from 50 mg/L accounted for 32.6%. The patients with GCS from 6 to 8 were BAC positive accounted for a higher rate than groups with GCS above 9 or below 5. The most common TBI lesions were subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hematoma and cerebral edema accounted for 67.3%, 60% and 58% respectively. Overall mortality was 26% including in-hospital death and discharged to die. Conclusions and recommendations: Data from the study has shown that many young men with severe TBI by road traffic accident were BAC positive which can results in the high risk of death and disability. Thus, we highly recommend counterparts should constantly strengthen the propaganda and enforcement measures in order to reduce traffic accidents and TBI patients. Keywords: traffic accidents; injury; brain trauma severity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Accidental Hypothermia on Mortality in Trauma Patients Overall and Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Specifically: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 4106-4117
Author(s):  
David Rösli ◽  
Beat Schnüriger ◽  
Daniel Candinas ◽  
Tobias Haltmeier
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Accidental Hypothermia ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Accidental hypothermia is a known predictor for worse outcomes in trauma patients, but has not been comprehensively assessed in a meta-analysis so far. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the impact of accidental hypothermia on mortality in trauma patients overall and patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) specifically. Methods This is a systematic review and meta-analysis using the Ovid Medline/PubMed database. Scientific articles reporting accidental hypothermia and its impact on outcomes in trauma patients were included in qualitative synthesis. Studies that compared the effect of hypothermia vs. normothermia at hospital admission on in-hospital mortality were included in two meta-analyses on (1) trauma patients overall and (2) patients with TBI specifically. Meta-analysis was performed using a Mantel–Haenszel random-effects model. Results Literature search revealed 264 articles. Of these, 14 studies published 1987–2018 were included in the qualitative synthesis. Seven studies qualified for meta-analysis on trauma patients overall and three studies for meta-analysis on patients with TBI specifically. Accidental hypothermia at admission was associated with significantly higher mortality both in trauma patients overall (OR 5.18 [95% CI 2.61–10.28]) and patients with TBI specifically (OR 2.38 [95% CI 1.53–3.69]). Conclusions In the current meta-analysis, accidental hypothermia was strongly associated with higher in-hospital mortality both in trauma patients overall and patients with TBI specifically. These findings underscore the importance of measures to avoid accidental hypothermia in the prehospital care of trauma patients.

scholarly journals PIT10 THE INCREMENTAL COST OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY DURING THE FIRST YEAR AFTER A ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT IN BELGIUM

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. S667
Author(s):  
H. Van Deynse ◽  
G. Van Belleghem ◽  
D. Lauwaert ◽  
M. Moens ◽  
K. Pien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Year

Unconsciousness, amnesia and psychiatric symptoms following road traffic accident injury

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Mayou ◽  
John Black ◽  
Bridget Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Accident Injury ◽  
Psychiatric Complications

BackgroundAlthough road traffic accident injury is the most common cause of traumatic brain injury, little is known of the prevalence of psychiatric complications or the significance of unconsciousness and amnesia.AimsTo describe amnesia and unconsciousness following a road traffic accident and to determine whether they are associated with later psychological symptoms.MethodInformation was obtained from medical and ambulance records for 1441 consecutive attenders at an emergency department aged 17–69 who had been involved in a road traffic accident. A total of 1148 (80%) subjects completed a self-report questionnaire at baseline and were followed up at 3 months and 1 year.ResultsAltogether, 1.5% suffered major head (and traumatic brain) injury and 21% suffered minor head injury. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety and depression were more common at 3 months in those who had definitely been unconscious than in those who had not, but there were no differences at 1 year.ConclusionsPTSD and other psychiatric complications are as common in those who were briefly unconscious as in those who were not.

244 Traumatic Brain Injury Related Paediatric Mortality and Morbidity in Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Bandyopadhyay ◽  
M Kawka ◽  
K Marks ◽  
G Richards ◽  
E Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Aim Three million cases of paediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) occur annually, the majority of which occur in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there is a paucity of data on the outcomes of pTBI available. We aimed to systematically review and synthesise the reported morbidity and mortality from pTBI in the published literature about LMICs. Method A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, and Global Index Medicus were searched for relevant articles from January 2000 to May 2020. Observational or experimental studies on pTBI (individuals between the ages of 0 to 16 years) in LMICs were included. Morbidity data were descriptively analysed, and a random-effects model was used to pool mortality rates. PROSPERO ID: CRD42020171276. Results We included 145 studies from 38 countries representing 174073 patients with pTBI. Males were twice (95% CI: 1.6 – 2.4) as likely to have a pTBI than females. Where available, mild TBI represented ≥ 60% of all pTBI cases in most reports (n = 24/43, 56%). The commonest cited cause of pTBI was road traffic accidents (n = 16643/43083, 39%), followed by falls (n = 10927/43083, 25%). 4385 patients (n = 4385/18092, 24%) had a reduction from normal function on discharge. On average, there were 6.7 deaths per 100 cases of pTBI. Conclusions Only 38 LMICs have published data on the volume and burden of pTBI in their country. Limited data available suggests that young male children are at a high-risk of pTBIs in LMICs, particularly from road traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Dewan ◽  
Abbas Rattani ◽  
Saksham Gupta ◽  
Ronnie E. Baticulon ◽  
Ya-Ching Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
North America ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic Collision ◽  
Traffic Collision

OBJECTIVETraumatic brain injury (TBI)—the “silent epidemic”—contributes to worldwide death and disability more than any other traumatic insult. Yet, TBI incidence and distribution across regions and socioeconomic divides remain unknown. In an effort to promote advocacy, understanding, and targeted intervention, the authors sought to quantify the case burden of TBI across World Health Organization (WHO) regions and World Bank (WB) income groups.METHODSOpen-source epidemiological data on road traffic injuries (RTIs) were used to model the incidence of TBI using literature-derived ratios. First, a systematic review on the proportion of RTIs resulting in TBI was conducted, and a meta-analysis of study-derived proportions was performed. Next, a separate systematic review identified primary source studies describing mechanisms of injury contributing to TBI, and an additional meta-analysis yielded a proportion of TBI that is secondary to the mechanism of RTI. Then, the incidence of RTI as published by the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 was applied to these two ratios to generate the incidence and estimated case volume of TBI for each WHO region and WB income group.RESULTSRelevant articles and registries were identified via systematic review; study quality was higher in the high-income countries (HICs) than in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Sixty-nine million (95% CI 64–74 million) individuals worldwide are estimated to sustain a TBI each year. The proportion of TBIs resulting from road traffic collisions was greatest in Africa and Southeast Asia (both 56%) and lowest in North America (25%). The incidence of RTI was similar in Southeast Asia (1.5% of the population per year) and Europe (1.2%). The overall incidence of TBI per 100,000 people was greatest in North America (1299 cases, 95% CI 650–1947) and Europe (1012 cases, 95% CI 911–1113) and least in Africa (801 cases, 95% CI 732–871) and the Eastern Mediterranean (897 cases, 95% CI 771–1023). The LMICs experience nearly 3 times more cases of TBI proportionally than HICs.CONCLUSIONSSixty-nine million (95% CI 64–74 million) individuals are estimated to suffer TBI from all causes each year, with the Southeast Asian and Western Pacific regions experiencing the greatest overall burden of disease. Head injury following road traffic collision is more common in LMICs, and the proportion of TBIs secondary to road traffic collision is likewise greatest in these countries. Meanwhile, the estimated incidence of TBI is highest in regions with higher-quality data, specifically in North America and Europe.

The incremental cost of traumatic brain injury during the first year after a road traffic accident

Brain Injury ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1234-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Van Deynse ◽  
Griet Van Belleghem ◽  
Door Lauwaert ◽  
Maarten Moens ◽  
Karen Pien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
First Year

scholarly journals CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF SIGNIFICANT EXTRA-DURAL HAEMATOMA : CASES AND LITERATURE REVIEW

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Dilraj Kadlas ◽  
Meghna Kinjalk
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVE: Study of natural history of significant extra dural haematoma resolution. BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of death. There are various modes of injury like road traffic accident, assault, fall and others.The traumatic brain injury can range from scalp laceration to intracranial haemorrhage.The line of management is decided upon considering several factors like age, co morbidities, Glasgow coma scale neurodeficiency,CT scan findings,other associated injury. CASE REPORT: A 24-year-old gentleman sustained head injury following road traffic accident. CT scan (head) was suggestive of extradural haematoma.Patient was subjected to decompressive craniotomy and evacuation of extra dural haematoma. On 2nd post-operative day, CT Scan (head) was done which was suggestive of right frontal and right posterior parietal extra dural haematoma. The relatives did not give consent for surgery .Conservative management was done. Patient improved and haematoma resolved. A 42 year old male presented to the emergency with history of head injury . CT Scan was suggestive of extra dural haematoma. Conservative management was done as surgery was refused by the relatives.Patient was monitored.Patient was asymptomatic after discharge and during follow up period. CONCLUSION:We report two unusual cases of extradural haematoma with a good outcome and uneventful follow up period.

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