scholarly journals Antagonistic effects of biocontrol agents against Phytophthora infestans and growth stimulation in tomatoes

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (s1) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
W.G. Kariuki ◽  
N.W. Mungai ◽  
D.O. Otaye ◽  
M. Thuita ◽  
E. Muema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Late blight disease is a major cause of economic losses in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) production in eastern Africa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Trichoderma species in controlling late blight disease and their role on the growth of tomato. Trichoderma asperellum and T. harzianum were isolated from two commercial products containing the antagonistic species. Culture-based and molecular approaches, genomic DNA isolation and amplification, using ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers, and sequencing, were used to characterise the products. Trichoderma antagonistic effects against Phytophthora infestans (causative of tomato late blight) experiments were conducted in vitro and in the greenhouse. The greenhouse experiment had five treatments; namely, a negative control, Metalaxl-M, T. asperellum, T. harzanium and mixture of the two biocontrol agents, laid out in a randomised complete block design. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks, with 3 weeks measurements intervals. Morphological and molecular characterisation confirmed the organism in most of the commercial products as T. harzianum and T. asperellum. An inhibiting action was observed on the P. Infestans mycelial growth, by the effect of T. asperellum (30.7%), and T. harzianum (36.9%).Trichoderma spp. suppressed late blight disease in the greenhouse experiment. These effects were specific to soil type, with the higher effectiveness realised in Ferralsols (27% disease severity) and least in Nitisols (36% disease severity). Trichoderma harzianum and T. asperellum resulted in higher above ground biomass of tomato of 31 and 19% increase over the control, respectively. There is potential of biocontrol agents in reducing P. infestans effects in tomatoes and in stimulating growth.

scholarly journals Masa Inkubasi Gejala Penyakit Hawar Daun Tanaman Kentang yang Diinduksi Ketahanannya oleh Jamur Antagonis Trichoderma viride

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Susiana Purwantisari ◽  
Achmadi Priyatmojo ◽  
Retno Peni Sancayaningsih ◽  
Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Potato Late Blight ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans, is probably the single most important disease of potatoes worldwide. Infected plants were quickly killed and were difficult for replanting, causing significant losses for the growers. Various control methods were examined including the use of biocontrol agents of Trichoderma spp.  The biocontrol potential of Trichoderma viride against potato late blight pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, were studied  under greenhouse conditions. The research objective was to determine the ability of biocontrol agents Trichoderma viride to delay late blight disease incidence on potato plants in the field. The in vivo experiment was carried out at potato land area located at BALITSA in Cikole Sub District, Lembang District and Bandung Regency. Completely Randomized Design was used with six treatment and five replicates. The treatment tested consist of control (without pathogen fungal and antagonists fungus application too), control (with pathogen fungal application and without antagonist fungal application), chemical fungicide application, antagonist fungal application 2 weeks before planting, application 1 week after planting and both application 2 weeks before and 1 week after planting. Result of the research showed that application of antagonists fungal could delay disease intensity until 14 days. These antagonist could be used as biological agents initials to control leaf blight disease. Key words: Biological control, Potato late blight, Phytophthora infestans, Trichoderma viride

Evaluation of bio-agents and neem based products against late blight disease (Phytophthora infestans) of potato

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Mehi Lal ◽  
Sorabh Chaudhary ◽  
Sanjay Rawal ◽  
Sanjeev Sharma ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of Recent Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans in the United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 873-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Danies ◽  
I. M. Small ◽  
K. Myers ◽  
R. Childers ◽  
W. E. Fry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight disease, has been reported in the United States and Canada since the mid-nineteenth century. Due to the lack of or very limited sexual reproduction, the populations of P. infestans in the United States are primarily reproducing asexually and, thus, show a simple genetic structure. The emergence of new clonal lineages of P. infestans (US-22, US-23, and US-24) responsible for the late blight epidemics in the northeastern region of the United States in the summers of 2009 and 2010 stimulated an investigation into phenotypic traits associated with these genotypes. Mating type, differences in sensitivity to mefenoxam, differences in pathogenicity on potato and tomato, and differences in rate of germination were studied for clonal lineages US-8, US-22, US-23, and US-24. Both A1 and A2 mating types were detected. Lineages US-22, US-23, and US-24 were generally sensitive to mefenoxam while US-8 was resistant. US-8 and US-24 were primarily pathogenic on potato while US-22 and US-23 were pathogenic on both potato and tomato. Indirect germination was favored at lower temperatures (5 and 10°C) whereas direct germination, though uncommon, was favored at higher temperatures (20 and 25°C). Sporangia of US-24 released zoospores more rapidly than did sporangia of US-22 and US-23. The association of characteristic phenotypic traits with genotype enables the prediction of phenotypic traits from rapid genotypic analyses for improved disease management.

Field application of Bacillus subtilis isolates for controlling late blight disease of potato caused by Phytophthora infestans

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 101366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhimanagoud Kumbar ◽  
Riaz Mahmood ◽  
S.N. Nagesha ◽  
M.S. Nagaraja ◽  
D.G. Prashant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Identification and Screening of Introduced Tomato Varieties Resistant to late Blight

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3472-3477
Author(s):  
Dan Luo ◽  
Xi Chun Zhang ◽  
Xiao Han Wen
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
New Disease ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Selection Of

Tomato late blight disease that infected by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary has already become one of the main obstacles that influence the tomato production. To resolve tomato late blight disease, cultivating the disease-resistant breed is importance. Based on the previous study, different introduced varieties were used as materials in this test for the identification and varieties selection of tomato resistant to late blight, by measuring the DIS of inoculated seedlings and detached leaves. It indicated that Jingle 502 and O-33-1 are possible to become resistant varieties to late blight or the parents for cultivating new disease resistant varieties.

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