Nosocomial infections: urinary tract infection in patients with indwelling urinary catheter

Pemasangan kateter urin menetap pada pasien baru di rumah sakit adalah 23,2% setiap bulan. Delapan puluh persen kejadian infeksi saluran kemih disebabkan oleh kateter urin menetap yang tidak aseptik. Kematian akibat infeksi ini adalah 32% dari seluruh kasus infeksi nosokomial. Penggunaan larutan pembersih periuretra sebelum pemasangan kateter urin menetap dalam mengurangi infeksi saluran kemih kurang memadai. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review, dengan pencarian pada database CINAHL, proquest, dan google scholaryang dipublikasikan dari tahun 1995 sampai dengan 2013. Kata kunci yang digunakan meliputi catheterization, indwelling urinary catheter, bacteriuria, meatal atau periurethral cleaning, urinary tract infection, dan nursing. Dua puluh lima literatur yang berkaitan didapatkan. Larutan yang umum digunakan adalah air kran, air steril, larutan antiseptik, dan salin normal. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik antara kejadian infeksi saluran kemih dengan penggunaan air kran dibandingkan dengan povidone-iodine10% atau chlorhexidine0.1%. Hal yang sama juga ditemui saat pengunaan air steril dibandingkan dengan povidone-iodineatau chlorhexidine gluconate10% atau 0.05%, saat penggunaan air dan sabun, busa pembersih kulit, povidone-iodine10%, dan salin normal. Air steril adalah larutan hipotonik, tidak mahal, dan tidak mengiritasi kulit. Salin normal juga lebih murah dan kurang mengiritasi kulit. Larutan antiseptik cukup mahal, dapat mengiritasi kulit, dan memiliki efek samping alergi atau toksik. Sabun memiliki sedikit kadar antiseptik dan relatif murah. Larutan pembersih periuretra sebelum pemasangan kateter yang dapat digunakan adalah air kran, air steril, larutan antiseptik, salin normal, dan air dan sabun. Diperlukan penelitian selanjutnya tentang penggunaan air steril atau salin normal. Kata kunci:Infeksi saluran kemih, kateter urin menetap, larutan pembersih periuretra AbstractMonthly, 23.2% of new patients in hospital had an indwelling urinary catheter, and 80% of them had urinary tract infections. Data showed that this infection was contributed to 32% of death in nosocomial infection cases. Using the periurethral cleaning solution before the insertion of indwelling catheter to reduce urinary tract infections are still debated. This literature review used some databases such as CINAHL, proquest and google scholar that published between 1995 and 2013. Key words included catheterization, indwelling urinary catheter, bacteriuria, meatal or periurethral cleaning, urinary tract infection, and nursing. This study reviewed 25 appropriate literatures. The solution were tap water, sterile water, antiseptic solution, and normal saline. Statistically, there was no differences of incidences of urinary tract infection when tap water solution compared with povidone-iodine or chlorhexidine 0.1% as well the use of sterile water compared with povidone-iodine or chlorhexidine gluconate 10% or 0.05%, water and soap, skin cleansing foam, povidone iodine, and normal saline. Sterile water is an inexpensive hypotonic solution and does not irritate the skin. Normal saline is also less expensive and less irritating to the skin. Antiseptic solution is quite expensive, can irritate the skin, and have an allergic or toxic side effects. Soap has little value as an antiseptic and relatively inexpensive. Tap water, sterile water, antiseptic solution, normal saline, and water and soap are some solutions that can be us as periuretral cleaning solution. Further study related to the usage of steril water or normal saline is needed.Key words: Indwelling urinary catheter, periurethral cleaning solution, urinary tract infection

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COMPARATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF NORMAL SALINE AND 10% POVIDONE IODINE IN PERIURETHRAL CLEANING

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/je.v1i1.380 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Awaluddin Awaluddin

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Povidone Iodine ◽

Urinary Catheter ◽

Infection Risk ◽

Control Group ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Indwelling Urinary Catheter

Currently, urinary tract infection incidence in patients with indwelling urinary catheter ranges between 10-80%. They are at risk for other problems that can cause death. Appropriate action is required to decrease urinary tract infection risk by periurethral area cleaning. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences of the effectiveness of the use of normal saline and 10% povidone iodine for periurethral area cleaning in decreasing urinary tract infection risk. Research methods uses experimental design with the population of patients who used indwelling urinary catheter. Samples were obtained by consecutive and allocation by randomization which were divided into 2 groups, each group were 17 respondents. In the treatment group, periurethral area was cleaned with normal saline and in the control group with 10% povidone iodine. Urinary tract infection risk assessment was carried out by the leukocyte esterase dipstick test at 8 hours after insertion. The results indicate that the incidence of urinary tract infections risk in the group using normal saline smaller than 10% povidone iodine with a comparison of 1:1.3. Number need to treat in this study was 6. The conclusion of this study is normal saline is more effective in reducing urinary tract infection risk.

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COMPARATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF NORMAL SALINE AND 10% POVIDONE IODINE IN PERIURETHRAL CLEANING

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v1i1.380 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Awaluddin Awaluddin

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Povidone Iodine ◽

Urinary Catheter ◽

Infection Risk ◽

Control Group ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Indwelling Urinary Catheter

Currently, urinary tract infection incidence in patients with indwelling urinary catheter ranges between 10-80%. They are at risk for other problems that can cause death. Appropriate action is required to decrease urinary tract infection risk by periurethral area cleaning. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences of the effectiveness of the use of normal saline and 10% povidone iodine for periurethral area cleaning in decreasing urinary tract infection risk. Research methods uses experimental design with the population of patients who used indwelling urinary catheter. Samples were obtained by consecutive and allocation by randomization which were divided into 2 groups, each group were 17 respondents. In the treatment group, periurethral area was cleaned with normal saline and in the control group with 10% povidone iodine. Urinary tract infection risk assessment was carried out by the leukocyte esterase dipstick test at 8 hours after insertion. The results indicate that the incidence of urinary tract infections risk in the group using normal saline smaller than 10% povidone iodine with a comparison of 1:1.3. Number need to treat in this study was 6. The conclusion of this study is normal saline is more effective in reducing urinary tract infection risk.

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Natural Language Processing for Real-Time Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Surveillance: Results of a Pilot Implementation Trial

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2015.122 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (9) ◽

pp. 1004-1010 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Westyn Branch-Elliman ◽

Judith Strymish ◽

Valmeek Kudesia ◽

Amy K. Rosen ◽

Kalpana Gupta

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Acute Care ◽

Language Processing ◽

Urinary Catheter ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Indwelling Urinary Catheter

BACKGROUNDIncidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is a quality benchmark. To streamline conventional detection methods, an electronic surveillance system augmented with natural language processing (NLP), which gathers data recorded in clinical notes without manual review, was implemented for real-time surveillance.OBJECTIVETo assess the utility of this algorithm for identifying indwelling urinary catheter days and CAUTI.SETTINGLarge, urban tertiary care Veterans Affairs hospital.METHODSAll patients admitted to the acute care units and the intensive care unit from March 1, 2013, through November 30, 2013, were included. Standard surveillance, which includes electronic and manual data extraction, was compared with the NLP-augmented algorithm.RESULTSThe NLP-augmented algorithm identified 27% more indwelling urinary catheter days in the acute care units and 28% fewer indwelling urinary catheter days in the intensive care unit. The algorithm flagged 24 CAUTI versus 20 CAUTI by standard surveillance methods; the CAUTI identified were overlapping but not the same. The overall positive predictive value was 54.2%, and overall sensitivity was 65% (90.9% in the acute care units but 33% in the intensive care unit). Dissimilarities in the operating characteristics of the algorithm between types of unit were due to differences in documentation practice. Development and implementation of the algorithm required substantial upfront effort of clinicians and programmers to determine current language patterns.CONCLUSIONSThe NLP algorithm was most useful for identifying simple clinical variables. Algorithm operating characteristics were specific to local documentation practices. The algorithm did not perform as well as standard surveillance methods.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(9):1004–1010

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Assessment of Perceptions and Practices of the Nurses to Prevent Indwelling Catheter Associated Infection; Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v5i2.17317 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 150-158

Author(s):

Ghuzala Anwar ◽

Ghalib Nawaz ◽

Muhammad Afzal ◽

Iram Majeed ◽

Ali Waqas

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Registered Nurses ◽

Urinary Catheter ◽

P Value ◽

Indwelling Catheter ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Indwelling Urinary Catheter

Nursing is an art science and an essential health care profession in which the skilled knowledgeable persons are committed to provide care to sick peoples and strive for the, protection and promotion of health and prevention against diseases and helps to minimize the risk and risk related injuries. Urinary tract infections are very common infection in the hospital settings almost responsible for 40% nosocomial infections. All the urinray tract infection is expected that approximately more than 70% infection reported because of indewelling cathters.Objectives: To assess the perceptions of nurses regarding indwelling urinary catheter and its care. To assess the practices of nurses to prevent the indwelling catheter related urinary tract infection. Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional design and data was collected through a five point Likert scale questioner. Study population was the nursing staff from the Jinnah hospital Lahore. Sample size was 184 nurses from all indoor departments of the Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Results: The findings show that the practice and perceptions scores of the registered nurses’ in the study group are insignificant with age, qualification and experience (i.e., p-value > 0.05) with the evidence-based guidelines for prevention of catheter associated urinary tract infection. Results of study indicated insignificant relationship between registered nurses’ practice and perceptions regarding the indwelling urinary catheter associated infection.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 150-158

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