scholarly journals Performance of laying hens fed graded levels of dried yellow cocoyam corm meal (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) as partial replacement for maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
V.N. Okonkwo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Layer Hens

Yellow cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), a tropical root crop is presently underutilized as energy feedstuff in poultry diets. The objective of this  experiment was to evaluate the effects of dried cocoyam corm meal as partial replacement for maize on egg laying and haematological parameters of layer hens. Fifty-six (56) days feeding trial was conducted using one hundred and twenty (120) Isa brown layer hens of twenty weeks (20 weeks) old. Sample of the cocoyam corm meal used for this study was analyzed in the laboratory to determine its proximate nutrient composition. Results showed moisture content 79%, ash 4%, fat 1.1%, fibre 5.5%, carbohydrate 24%, protein 8.05% and energy 3160.05kcal/kg DM. The cocoyam corm meal was used to formulate layer hens’ diets: T1, T2, T3, and T4 at 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% inclusion levels respectively. The experimental layer hens were divided into four treatment groups of thirty (30) hens each which was further replicated three times, ten (10) birds per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Each group of the experimental birds was subjected to one of the experimental diets for the period of 56   days and drinking water was also provided regularly. At the expiration of the experiment, three (3) birds were selected from each group for  haematological parameters evaluation. Average daily feed and total feed intake showed no significant (P>0.05) difference though T4 was higher (P<0.05) among the treatments and T1 was the least (P<0.05). Total body weight gained was significantly (P<0.05) higher at T4. T2 was significantly (P<0.05) the lowest among other treatments. T1 had a significant (P<0.05) highest hen day egg production followed by T2 and T3 which were statistically the same (P>0.05) while T4 had the lowest (P<0.05) among the treatments. T2 had the heaviest (P<0.05) egg weight of 65.40g while T1 had the lowest (P<0.05) (61.76g) though still within the same category of large in USDA (2000) egg weight rating. Feed efficiency of feed/g egg  weight was higher at T2 (1.27). T4 (1.38) had the lowest (P<0.05) feed conversion efficiency with no significance (P>0.05) difference among values obtained from other treatments. T1 had the highest pack cell volume (P<0.05). Red blood cell, count, haemoglobin and white blood cell count values which did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among the values of T2, followed by T3. Results obtained in the haematological parameters evaluated showed significant difference (P<0.05) recorded in some values; T3 had the highest haemoglobin (20.46 pg) followed by T4 (20.34 pg), T1 had the least (19.80 pg) but still within the recommended range for layer hens for optimal performance. It is concluded that dried cocoyam corm meal (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is an ideal ingredient in layer hens diets up to 15% inclusion level for good performance. Key words: Egg production, growth, haematology, proximate composition.

scholarly journals Confounding influences of malnutrition and Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma haematobium infections on haematological parameters in school children in Muyuka, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele ◽  
Ofon Vitalis Otia ◽  
Lorraine Francis ◽  
Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda ◽  
Calvin Bisong Ebai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Distribution Width

Abstract Background School-aged children (SAC) are a high-risk demographic group for infectious diseases and malnutrition. The objective of this study was to assess the burden and the effect of Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma haematobium infections on the haematological indices in SAC and the confounding influence of malnutrition on the outcomes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in SAC 4–14 years old living in Ikata, Bafia and Mile 14-Likoko in Muyuka, Cameroon. Anthropometric measures of malnutrition were obtained and blood samples collected were used for detection of malaria parasites by Giemsa-stained blood films using light microscopy and complete blood count analysis using an automated haematology analyser. Urine samples collected were used to detect micro haematuria with the aid of reagent strips and the eggs of S. haematobium by urine filtration technique. Multiple linear regression model was used to examine influence of independent variables on haematological parameters. Results Out of the 606 SAC examined, the prevalence of single infections with Plasmodium or S. haematobium and co-infection with both parasites was 16.2, 16.3 and 8.3%, respectively. Overall, malaria parasite (MP), urogenital schistosomiasis, malnutrition, anaemia, haematuria, microcytosis and thrombocytopenia was prevalent in 24.4, 24.6, 25.9, 74.4, 12.2, 45.4 and 11.1% of SAC, respectively. A significant linear decline (P = 0.023) in prevalence of P. falciparum infection with the severity of stunting was observed. Factors that significantly influenced haematological parameters included haemoglobin: age, stunting and MP; haematocrit: age and MP; white blood cell count: age; red blood cell count; age and MP; lymphocyte counts: stunting; mean cell volume: age; mean cell haemoglobin: age and stunting; mean cell haemoglobin concentration: sex, stunting and red cell distribution width-coefficient of variation: sex, age and stunting. Conclusions Malnutrition, Plasmodium and S. haematobium infections are common while anaemia is a severe public health problem in Muyuka, Cameroon. The interaction between haematological parameters with malaria parasites as well as linear growth index was negative and other interactions indicate systemic inflammation. While findings provide contextual intervention targets to ensure the judicious use of the limited resources, there is need for regular monitoring and proper treatment to improve the health of the underserved population.

Haematological Profiles of Pigs on Different Farms Reflect Their Health Status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Golinar Oven ◽  
Alenka Nemec Svete ◽  
Melita Hajdinjak ◽  
Jan Plut ◽  
Marina Stukelj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

Abstract BackgroundHaematological examination is an important diagnostic tool in the assessment of pig health status. The present study aimed to assess haematological parameters in pigs of different age categories from six farrow-to-finish farms differing in herd health status. The following pig categories were included: 5 age groups of growers (5, 7, 9–10, 11 and 12–13 weeks-old), fatteners and breeding pregnant sows. Individual blood samples for determining complete blood count and white blood cell differential count were taken and group samples of oral fluid and faeces were collected from each animal category in each of the six farms and tested for the detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus (PRRSV), and Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) using PCR, RT-PCR, and qRT-PCR protocols. Individual blood samples were analysed using an automated laser-based haematology analyser. The following haematological parameters were reported: white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count (PLT), and percentage and number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and "large unstained cells" - LUCs. ResultsOn farms free of PRRSV, PCV2 and HEV, age had significant effect on the following parameters: WBC, Hb, MCH, MCHC, PLT, percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils and absolute numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils and LUCs. On farms with PRRS, PCV2 and/or HEV, age significantly affected all observed blood parameters except the percentage of LUCs. The percentages of lymphocytes, MCV and Hct were significantly lower by PRRSV while WBC, PLT, percentage and absolute number of neutrophils, basophils and LUCs increased. Significantly lower percentages of lymphocytes and increased percentages and absolute numbers of neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils were caused by PCV2 presence. Significantly lower percentage of lymphocytes and MCV and increased RBC, Hb, percentage and number of basophils and percentage of neutrophils were caused by HEV. Conclusions Alterations of haematological parameters reflected the health status of pigs of different categories on infected and on non-infected farms. Age-related changes in haematological parameters occurred in clinically healthy and in infected pigs.

scholarly journals An assessment of the C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and white blood cell count, values during the post-operative period of infected tibial nonunions treated with antibiotic- loaded PMMA-coated nails

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Ferdi Dırvar ◽  
Raşit Özcafer ◽  
Kubilay Beng
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>In this study, our aim was to assess the changes in the serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell count (WBC) values during the follow-up period of infected tibial pseudoarthrosis treated using antibiotic-loaded nails. Three patients with infected femoral nonunions and 11 patients with infected tibial nonunions were included in the study. All patients were treated with intramedullary nails coated with antibiotic-loaded PMMA after local extensive debridement. Postoperatively, parenteral antibiotic therapy was administered. The CRP, ESR and WBC values were noted preoperatively and on the first day, and then on the second, sixth, and 12<sup>th</sup> weeks postoperatively. The changes in these values over time were analyzed comparatively. The preoperative CRP level was found to be significantly lower than the early postoperative period (1<sup>st</sup> day), while no significant differences were detected during the follow-up period. The CRP level constantly decreased between the first postoperative control (1<sup>st</sup> day) and the final follow-up time (12<sup>th</sup> week). The postoperative ESR showed a significant difference when compared to the preoperative value, and also showed a decreasing trend in the postoperative period, having its highest value on the first day. The WBC did not exhibit a significant difference when comparing the preoperative and postoperative values. C-reactive protein level and ESR can be used to monitor the adequacy of the treatment after antibiotic-loaded nail application, whereas WBC may be insufficient in the diagnosis and follow-up of osteomyelitis treated with antibiotic-loaded nails.</p>

Effect of repeated whole-body x-irradiation on peripheral white blood cell count of rabbits

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-570
Author(s):  
Herbert B. Gerstner ◽  
Harry A. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

Six groups of rabbits received whole-body x-irradiation of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 r, respectively. Counts of total white blood cells were performed regularly until 11 weeks post exposure when radiation-induced leucopenia had disappeared in all groups. At that time, the animals were re-exposed to the same doses and white cells were once more counted throughout 11 weeks. Then followed a third application of the same doses with subsequent observation of white counts. Statistical analysis of data yielded the following results: in the three exposures, radiation-induced leucopenia showed no significant difference with respect to rate of development, maximal degree and rate of disappearance. Therefore, as judged by the white blood cell count, susceptibility to ionizing radiation appeared unaltered by previous exposure to appreciable doses when the interval between exposures was sufficiently long to permit complete hematopoietic recovery.

EVALUATION OF HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AMONG TRIBAL MENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN EASTERN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Himansu Sekhar Sahu ◽  
Gargee Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Menopausal Women

Studies reveal that haematological parameters vary with ageing process. Thus, the present study was carried out to examine the variation in white blood cell count, red blood cell count, haematocrit percentage, haemoglobin percentage in Tribal Menopausal women of Mayurbhanj, a tribal dominated district of Eastern India. A total of one hundred and eight tribal women participated in the study. They were divided into two groups. A test group of sixty-two post-Menopausal women (46 - 65 years) and a control group of women ageing between 20-35 years. Mean and standard errors along with T-test for comparison between control and test groups were carried out with Excel 2016. Results show that there is a signicant difference in white blood cell count, haematocrit percentage, haemoglobin percentage at p≤0.05. There also exists a signicant difference in the neutrophil and basophil count. The results suggest that anaemic condition is not prevalent in menopausal women. However, rise of neutrophil and basophil count is indicative of having underlying infections.

scholarly journals Serum Uric Acid, Alanine Aminotransferase, Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cell Count Levels in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Simavlı ◽  
Yasin Yücel Bucak ◽  
Mehmet Tosun ◽  
Mesut Erdurmuş
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count

Purpose. The pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation (PEX), the most common cause of secondary glaucoma, has not been clearly identified, but there is increasing evidence that points out the role of oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to evaluate some of the most commonly used blood parameters, hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and uric acid (UA) levels, in subjects with PEX.Materials and Methods. This study is performed in a state hospital between November 2011 and December 2012. Retrospective chart review of subjects who underwent cataract surgery was performed. Thirty-one healthy subjects with PEX and 34 healthy subjects without PEX were evaluated. Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA levels were recorded. Student’st-test was used to compare the two groups.Results. The mean age was73.6±14.1years in PEX group and70.1±12.7in control groupp=0.293. Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA levels did not show a statistically significant difference among PEX and control groups (p>0.05for all).Conclusion. Serum levels of Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA levels were similar in subjects with and without PEX. Further studies are needed to clarify the precise role of Hb, RBC, ALT, and UA in the pathogenesis of PEX.

scholarly journals Effects of storage duration on haematological parameters of the red eared slider - Trachemys Scripta Elegans

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-644
Author(s):  
Nejra Hadžimusić ◽  
Dunja Rukavina ◽  
Vedad Škapur ◽  
Lejla Velić
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Blood Samples

Reptiles, especially turtles, are becoming increasingly popular as pets. The haematological evaluation of turtles is an irreplaceable diagnostic tool in veterinary practice. However, the morphologic distinctiveness of turtle blood limits the use of electronic cell-counting devices, making time-consuming, manual counting techniques and evaluation of blood smears necessary. Many samples are dispatched to a laboratory over long distances, where a delay of 24 h or more may occur. At weekends, this interval may exceed 48 h. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of storage duration at refrigerator temperature (4 °C) on the counts of red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC), and on the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and packed cell volume (PCV) in blood samples from healthy adult red-eared sliders. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture from the occipital venous sinus from six apparently healthy adult red-eared sliders, aged 2 to 4 years. Blood samples were analysed immediately after sampling to obtain the baseline value (BV) of the red blood cell count, white blood cell count and packed cell volume percentage. Blood was stored at 4 °C and the haematological analyses were performed after 24h, 48h and 72h. The results showed the same level of stability for RBC and WBC count, and MCV values during 72 hours of storage at 4 °C and for PCV during 48 hours. Handling of blood samples, and duration of storage of the blood samples can significantly influence the results/values of haematological tests. Consequently, the obtained values of the determined haematological parameters of improperly stored or handled blood samples can give a misleading interpretation of the results on the animal’s health status.

Haematology and serum biochemical profile of Kalahari Red goats reared in the hothumid south-west Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 192-198
Author(s):  
N. Okwelum ◽  
W. Mustapha ◽  
B. O. Oluwatosin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical and haematological profiles of Kalahari Red goats reared in the tropical environment. The Kalahari Red goats were imported into Nigeria from South Africa by the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria. The study was carried out on fifty animals of both sexes. The animals were managed under semi-intensive system where they were allowed to go out and graze on paddocks during some part of the day and brought back to the pens in the evening. The goats were fed with concentrate and grazed on sown pastures of Chloris gayana and Stylosanthes amata. Water Rwas given ad-libitum. The serum biochemical analysis was determined using Randox analysis kits. The sex of each animal was noted and recorded. The packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils were determined as haematological parameters while total protein, albumin, globulin, sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus were determined in serum analysis. The results showed that there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in all the haematological parameters determined across sex. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in total protein and albumin across sex of which the mean values were higher in the female goats. The value of the mean total protein in the female goats was 5.93±0.88 while the value was 5.31±0.23 in the male goats. It can be concluded that sex did not have any influence on the haematology but had association on only the protein component of the serum biochemistry. This result obtained can be used as a reference value for Kalahari Red goats reared in the tropics and under similar nutrition.

scholarly journals Gasless Trans-Umbilical Laparoscopically-Assisted Appendectomy in the Pediatric Population: An Early Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. p40
Author(s):  
Raed Nael Al-Taher, Md. ◽  
Ibrahim Abdel Qader Ibrahim Khrais, M.D. ◽  
Tayseer Ahmad Sabbah Al-Tawarah M.D. ◽  
Mohammad Talat M. Al-Sebou’ M.D. ◽  
Walid Adel Zakaria Alnatsheh M.D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility and safety of the single-port gasless trans-umbilical laparoscopically-assisted appendectomy in the pediatric age group at a single center in a tertiary university hospital in Jordan. Methods: Between April 2018 and July 2019, the surgical records of all patients aged between 0 and 13 years treated with trans-umbilical laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy TULAA for a suspected appendicitis following a clinical, laboratory and ultrasound findings were reviewed retrospectively. Baseline characteristics, white blood cell count, operative time, intraoperative findings, need for additional trocars or for conversion, length of hospital stay and surgical complications were reported.Results: 36 cases were included in the study, 23 (64%) were completed successfully using the gasless TULAA technique. Gas insufflation was needed in 10 (28%) cases and only 3 (8%) had to be converted to the three-port laparoscopic appendectomy technique. There was no significant difference between the gaseous and gasless groups in terms of baseline characteristics, BMI, surgery duration, postoperative recovery period or length of stay. However, the group of patients who needed gas insufflation to complete the procedure had a higher white blood cell count compared to the gasless group. The surgery was completed successfully by senior general surgery residents in 27 (75%) cases while the consultant’s intervention was needed in the remaining cases. The gasless TULAA group were less likely to require complex analgesia (i.e., IV analgesia) compared to the gasless group (OR=0.683).Conclusions: Gasless TULAA is a feasible procedure that can be performed safely by surgical residents as an initial approach for all grades of acute appendicitis in the pediatric age group.

scholarly journals Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Continuous Versus Intermittent Administration of Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Intensive Care Unit Of

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mahendra M. Sawarkar ◽  
Dr. Shushrut Mahendra Sawarkar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) can be defined as pneumonia occuring 48-72 hours or thereafter following endotracheal intubation, it is characterized by the presence of a new or progressive infiltrate, signs of systemic infection like fever, altered white blood cell count, changes in sputum characteristics. Duration of mechanical ventilation determines the type of organism that causes VAP. Early VAP is caused by pathogens that are sensitive to most of the antibiotics, whereas late onset VAP may be caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria. There is no gold standard diagnostic criterion for VAP. Many clinical methods have been recommended but there is no sensitivity or specificity to identify this disease. In this study we tried to compare the clinical outcomes of continuous and intermittent administration of Piperacillin-tazobactam. Material and Methods: For diagnosis of VAP following criteria were considered: white blood cell count more than10,000 cells/mm 3 or less than 4000 cells/ mm 3 ; new onset of purulent sputum or a change in sputum character; body temperature >38°C or <35.5°; chest X ray showing new or progressive infiltrate and a significant quantitative pathogen culture from respiratory secretions (tracheal aspirate >106 colony-forming units/ml or growth of ≥104 colony-forming units/mL of microorganism on bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture or isolation of the same microorganism in blood and respiratory secretions on third day and eighth day. APACHE II score were recorded on admission and CPIS was measured at the onset of VAP symptoms and at third and eighth day. Demographic and other variable of the patients were recorded. Results: 50 patients were included in the study of which 25 were placed in continuous Infusion (CI) group and 25 in intermittent infusion (II) group. APACHE II score on admission in CI and II was 19. 9 ± 4.9 and 21.4 ± 5.6 respectively. Duration of mechanical ventilation in CI group was 39.1 ± 20.5 days. Total number of antibiotics administered in CI group was 5.5 ± 2.0 and II group was 5 ± 1.5. Duration of piperacillin – tazobactum treatment was 21 ± 11.6 (days) in CI group and 19 ± 9.6 in II group. Mortality rate observed in CI was 8 (32%) and in II was 9 (36%). No significant difference was observed in CPIS scores of both the group in Day 1, day 3 and day 8. Conclusion: There is significant morbidity in critically ill patients with VAP and there is lack of gold standard criteria for diagnosis. No significant difference was observed in CI and II group in term of clinical outcome.

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