Consumption pattern of chicken and consumer awareness of unwholesome practises by some dressed chicken smugglers In Oyo Town, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
O.O. Okunlola
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Consumer Awareness ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The People ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
The Town

Oyo town has a large concentration of poultry farms in Oyo state. This will in no small way influence the meat choice of the people of the town. This study was carried out to determine the consumption pattern of chicken and the unwholesome practices by dressed chicken smugglers in Oyo town, Nigeria. A total of 100 questionnaires were purposively administered to chicken consumers in thestudy area. Also, a multistage sampling method was adopted with the study area divided into three, on Local Government Area (LGA) basis. in the first stage. In the second stage, 30 questionnaires were administered in each of Oyo East and Oyo West LGAs while 40 were administered in Atiba LGA. Data from the table show that majority of the respondents were female (62%), aged between 20 – 39 years (46%) and had tertiary education (54%). From the table, 22% claimed affordability as the reason for chicken purchase while 72% preferred dressed chicken to live chicken.The results also show that 56% of the respondents ate chicken weekly and 47% of them made their purchases from farms and farm outlets. Factors considered to influence purchases were affordability (30%) and availability (24%). Only twenty four percent (24%) of the respondents were aware of the unwholesome practices by dressed chicken smugglers while 46% of those aware saw the consumption of smuggled chicken as hazardous. Key words: Oyo town, chicken consumption, chicken preferences, dressed chicken smugglers, food safety

scholarly journals Feed mills operation and feedstuff safety in Oyo zone, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
O. O. Okunlola
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Personal Savings ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Frequency Counts ◽  
Feed Mill

Feed mills play a vital role in the success of the livestock industry. Feed mills operation in Oyo zone of Oyo state, Nigeria is as old as the livestock industry in the zone. However, very little information on the activities of the feed mills in the zone is available. This study was therefore carried out to elicit information on the activities of the feed mills in Oyo zone, Nigeria. A multistage sampling method was adopted for this study. In the first stage, Oyo zone was divided into four, while in the second stage 10 questionnaires were administered to feed millers in each of the four Local Government Areas (LGAs), making a total of 40 in all. All administered questionnaires were recovered, processed and subjected to descriptive statistics using frequency counts and percentages. From the result obtained, majority of the respondents had tertiary education (70.00%) and 65.00% of them were casual workers. The study also shows that majority of the feed mills in the study area were for commercial purposes (70.00%) and semi-automated (65.00%). Also, 67.50 claimed they had separate structures where they stored the feed ingredients and feeds and 72.50% of the feed millers claimed awareness of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and feeds. The study reveals that majority of the respondents financed their feed mill businesses through their personal savings (40.00%). It can be recommended that low interest credit facilities be provided to the feed millers by the concerned authorities to further boost their businesses.     Les usines d'aliments des animaux jouent un rôle essentiel dans le succès de l'industrie de l'élevage. L'operation des usines d'aliments des animaux dans la zone d'Oyo de l'État d'Oyo, au Nigéria, est aussi ancienne que l'industrie de l'élevage dans la zone. Cependant, très peu d'informations sur les activités des meuneries de la zone sont disponibles. Cette étude a donc été réalisée pour obtenir des informations sur les activités des usines d'aliments des animaux dans la zone d'Oyo, au Nigeria. Une méthode d'échantillonnage à plusieurs degrés a été adoptée pour cette étude. Dans la première étape, la zone d'Oyo a été divisée en quatre, tandis que dans la deuxième étape, 10 questionnaires ont été administrés aux minotiers dans chacune des quatre zones de gouvernement local (LGA), pour faire un total de 40. Tous les questionnaires administrés ont été récupérés, traités et soumis à des statistiques descriptive utilisant des comptages de fréquence et des pourcentages. D'après le résultat obtenu, la majorité des répondants avaient une formation supérieure (70.00%) et 65.00% d'entre eux étaient des travailleurs occasionnels. L'étude montre également que la majorité des meuneries de la zone d'étude étaient à des fins commerciales (70.00%) et semi-automatisées (65.00%). En outre, 67.50 ont déclaré qu'ils avaient des structures séparées où ils stockaient les ingrédients et les aliments des animaux et 72.50% des fabricants d'aliments des animaux ont déclaré qu'ils étaient conscients des mycotoxines présentes dans les ingrédients et les aliments des animaux. L'étude révèle que la majorité des répondants ont financé leurs activités de meunerie grâce à leurs économies personnelles (40,00%). Il peut être recommandé que les autorités concernées fournissent des facilités de crédit à tauxfaible aux meuneries afin de stimuler davantageleurs activités.

A survey of chicken marketers in Oyo Town, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
O.O. Okunlola
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
The Town

There is an increase in the commercial activities of chicken marketers in Oyo town as a result of the town fast becoming a poultry hub in Oyo state. A survey was therefore conducted on the activities of chicken marketers in the town. A multi-stage sampling method of the chicken marketers in the town was employed. In the first stage, the town was divided into three, based on Local Government Area(LGA) basis and 30 questionnaires were administered in each of Oyo East and Oyo West LGAs, while 40 were administered in Atiba LGA. in the second stage, making a total of 100 questionnaires. From the study, majority of the respondents were female (58%), aged  between 20 and 39 years old (61%). The study also revealed that majority of the respondents (61%) sourced their chickens from local farms. Also, eighty eight percent (88%) of the respondents were aware of the ban on poultry products in Nigeria, while 55.55% of those who engaged in poultry product smuggling did so because of high profitability. The study revealed that 78% of the respondents sold their products dressed while the major challenge of the marketers was poor electricity supply (63%). Majority of the customs officers in the study area, claimed encounter with dressed chicken smugglers frequently while burning and burying of the contraband chickens was the major method of disposal adopted by the custom service. It is recommended that the customs service be better funded for efficiency and effectiveness. Key words: Oyo town, chicken marketers, chicken smugglers, food safety, Nigeria Customs Service

Damages caused by Polish cavalry in Tyszowce starosty in 17th-18th century

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Adam Frykowski
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Town ◽  
Crown Lands ◽  
Negative Phenomena

SUMMARYNon-city starosty of Tyszowce was located in the province of Belz and received the status of royal land in 1462. Its territory included the town of Tyszowce and villages: Mikulin, Perespa, Klatwy and Przewale. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the starosty suffered from a significant increase of various negative phenomena. The crown lands had bitterly tasted devastating fires, epidemics, contributions, requisitions, robberies and field devastations. All these disasters were caused mainly by war and military activities. Marches of soldiers and quartering of troops greatly contributed to the situation and were usually associated with the need of maintaining the soldiers. The requisitions of food, alcohol, cattle, horses and poultry were particularly burdensome for the people. The greatest economic devastation as regards the resources of the starosty and its people was caused by monetary contributions, usually several times higher than the financial capacity of the town and its inhabitants. This work focuses on damages to the starosty caused by the royal cavalry. According to the literature, it is clear that the behavior of the troops in Tyszowce Starosty was not different from the behavior of soldiers in other areas of Poland. It must be admitted that the reprehensible behavior of the army was influenced by many conditions, from the recruitment of people from backgrounds often involving conflict with law, as well as foreigners, to the accommodation system under which the soldiers were forced to supply themselves “on their own.”

Homage to Dr med. Božidar Kostić

2021 ◽  
pp. 096777202097458
Author(s):  
Božidar Pocevski ◽  
Prim. Predrag Pocevski ◽  
Lidija Horvat
Keyword(s):  
Great Success ◽  
World War ◽  
The People ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

Dr Božidar Kostić (1892–1960) – physician of noble heart – was born in Niš (Kingdom of Serbia) in a distinguished family of academically educated parents. As there were no medical faculties in Kingdom of Serbia, after high school, which he had finished with great success, in 1911 he enrolled at the Graz University of Medicine, a prestigious medical university. Soon he transferred to the Faculty of Medicine at Charles University in Prague, where he continued his studying for another ten semesters. In Prague, The Golden City, after the First World War, he finished his studies with an average grade of 10. After the Second World War, he worked as a doctor with a private medical practice in Belgrade, but soon he moved to Vranje, where he established the Town Polyclinic and contributed to the final flourishing of the most important forms of health care activities in liberated Vranje, donating his rich knowledge and skills, which led the health service to move to forms of independent work and development of new activities. For his contribution to the community, by decree of His Majesty King of Yugoslavia Alexander I Karađorđević, he received the Order of Saint Sava. Dr Božidar Kostić and his wife Pravda devoted their lives to the health and educational upbringing of the people in the south parts of Serbia (then Social Federative Republic of Yugoslavia). Until his last days he lived and worked as a true folk doctor.

Ethnohistorical Archaeology and the Mythscape of the Naga in the Chiang Saen Basin, Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Piyawit Moonkham
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Local People ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
The People ◽  
Divine Retribution ◽  
The Town

Abstract There is a northern Thai story that tells how the naga—a mythical serpent—came and destroyed the town known as Yonok (c. thirteenth century) after its ruler became immoral. Despite this divine retribution, the people of the town chose to rebuild it. Many archaeological sites indicate resettlement during this early historical period. Although many temple sites were constructed in accordance with the Buddhist cosmology, the building patterns vary from location to location and illustrate what this paper calls ‘nonconventional patterns,’ distinct from Theravada Buddhist concepts. These nonconventional patterns of temples seem to have been widely practiced in many early historical settlements, e.g., Yonok (what is now Wiang Nong Lom). Many local written documents and practices today reflect the influence of the naga myth on building construction. This paper will demonstrate that local communities in the Chiang Saen basin not only believe in the naga myth but have also applied the myth as a tool to interact with the surrounding landscapes. The myth is seen as a crucial, communicated element used by the local people to modify and construct physical landscapes, meaning Theravada Buddhist cosmology alone cannot explain the nonconventional patterns. As such, comprehending the role of the naga myth enables us to understand how local people, past and present, have perceived the myth as a source of knowledge to convey their communal spaces within larger cosmological concepts in order to maintain local customs and legitimise their social space.

Production and Biomass of Pokea Clam (Batissa violacea var. celebensis von Martens, 1897) in the Langkumbe River Waters North Buton Southeast Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Tri Abdul Rahman ◽  
Bahtiar Bahtiar ◽  
Pramono Hery Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
River Waters ◽  
The People ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Traditional Fishing ◽  
Swept Area

Langkumbe River is located in West Kulisusu District and has long been used by the community for various daily activities. One of the resources often used by the people around Langkumbe River is pokea clams. The aim of this study was to determine the production and biomass of pokea clams (B. violacea) in Langkumbe River Waters of North Buton Regency from August to October 2017. The sampling method used was swept area method using a traditional fishing gear "Tangge" (fishing gear). The samples were measured for the length, width and thickness.  The total weight was measured with the clam/total mass (MT) and the weight of the meat. The samples were dried using an oven for 24 hours at 70 °C to obtain the shell-free dry mass (SFDW). Data were analyzed using standard formulas. The total sample obtained was 1.307 individuals. The highest density of pokea clam was found in August at 596.8 ind/m². Annual production of pokea clam (B. violacea) in Langkumbe River with a total annual production of 1,107.33 gSFDW/m2/year. The highest and lowest production are 297.09 gSFDW/m²/year at size 2.19-2.54cm and -0.16 gSFDW /m²/year at size 4.70-5.05cm, respectively. The total population biomass was 528.03 gSFDW/m2 with the highest biomass 171.72 gSFDW/m²/year at size 2.55-2.90 cm and the lowest was 1.40 gSFDW /m²/year at size 4.70-5.05 cm, so that the recovery rate (P/B ratio) was 2.1 gSFDW/m2/year.

Hong Kong Chinese People's View of Creativity

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Rudowicz ◽  
Anna Hui
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Power And Energy

This study was aimed at attaining some sense of implicit concepts of creativity among Hong Kong Chinese across different populations of participants and finding out how these implicit concepts compare to explicit concepts grounded in Western culture and tradition. Three stages of investigation are reported. In the first stage, 370 persons at railway and subway stations were asked to give their views on creativity and nominate Hong Kong person(s) outstanding for creativity, They were also asked to provide some demographic data and rate themselves on the creativity scale. In the second stage, 34 persons nominated in the first stage as outstanding for creativity were given the same task as the general public. In the third stage, local academics working in the area of creativity were asked to assign the categories of answers generated in the first and second stages of the study into one of the creativity strands: process, product, person or press. It was found that some core parts of the implicit concepts of creativity were overlapped highly across sex, age, education and occupational status variables. In other parts of the concept, how-ever, differences were found between males and females, teachers and laypersons, persons with tertiary education and other groups. Points of agreement between the implicit concepts of Hong Kong Chinese and explicit ones in the Western literature of creativity were these which linked creativity with something new, unique, leading to change and based on the independent thinking initiated by internal power and energy. However, originality, self expression as well as aesthetic and artistic elements were almost invisible in the Hong Kong implicit concepts of creativity.

Survey and Analysis of the Cognition of Urban Residents on the Food Hygiene and Safety in Natural Disasters

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 233-236
Author(s):  
Hai Cheng Hong ◽  
Min Xu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
And Training

Multistage sampling method was used to sort all cities, counties and districts in Jilin area, and stratified random convenience was applied to take the samples. According to the number of people in the pre-experiment and the number of questionnaire topics, 700 residents who had lived in the area more than a year were selected. Urban residents in Jilin area could understand the natural disaster-related knowledge and their attention to it should be higher, but their knowledge and behaviors in food hygiene-related knowledge and behaviors in natural disasters were worrying. It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and education of food hygiene in natural disasters. TV, radio, newspapers and networks are important sources of relevant information and knowledge for the majority of residents. Different means should be taken in the publicity and training of food hygiene-related knowledge in natural disasters according to their education background.

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