scholarly journals Risk factors for Anopheles mosquitoes in rural and urban areas of Blantyre District, southern Malawi

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Themba Mzilahowa ◽  
Madalitso Luka-Banda ◽  
Veronica Uzalili ◽  
Don P. Mathanga ◽  
Carl H. Campbell Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Geographical patterns of end-stage renal disease incidence and risk factors in rural and urban areas of South Carolina

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Joyce Fan ◽  
Daniel T. Lackland ◽  
Stuart R. Lipsitz ◽  
Joyce S. Nicholas ◽  
Brent M. Egan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals The Differences of Population Birth Defects in Epidemiology Analysis between the Rural and Urban Areas of Hunan Province in China, 2014–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lili Xiong ◽  
Qiongying Chen ◽  
Aihua Wang ◽  
Fanjuan Kong ◽  
Donghua Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Objectives. To compare the differences of epidemiology analysis in population birth defects (BDs) between the rural and urban areas of Hunan Province in China. Methods. The data of population-based BDs in Liuyang county (rural) and Shifeng district (urban) in Hunan Province for 2014–2018 were analyzed. BD prevalence rates, percentage change, and annual percentage change (APC) by sex and age were calculated to evaluate time trends. Risk factors associated with BDs were assessed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results. The BD prevalence rate per 10,000 perinatal infants (PIs) was 220.54 (95% CI: 211.26-230.13) in Liuyang and 181.14 (95% CI: 161.18-202.87) in Shifeng. Significant decreasing trends in BD prevalence rates were noted in the female PIs ( APC = − 9.31 , P = 0.044 ) and the total BD prevalence rate in Shifeng ( APC = − 14.14 , P = 0.039 ). Risk factors for BDs were as follows: rural area, male PIs, PIs with gestational age < 37 weeks, PIs with birth weight < 2500   g , and migrant pregnancies. Conclusions. We should focus on rural areas, reduce the prevalence of premature and low birth weight infants, and provide maternal healthcare services for migrant pregnancies for BD prevention from the perspective of population-based BD surveillance.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors (CVrf) in Rural and Urban Areas Mali: Data from the Step 2013 Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Hamidou Oumar Bâ ◽  
Ichaka Menta ◽  
Youssouf Camara ◽  
Ibrahima Sangaré ◽  
Guida Landouré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract P181: Differential Clinical Outcomes Among Stroke Patients From Rural and Urban Areas in a Pilot Stroke Network

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Llanos ◽  
Carlos Pardo ◽  
Gabriel Pinilla ◽  
Akemi Arango ◽  
Jaime Valderrama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Stroke Center ◽  
Rural Patients

Objective: To describe the clinical features of stroke patients from rural and urban areas and to identify possible associations with clinical outcomes. Introduction: There is little information in Latin America about risk factors, treatments, and outcomes in stroke patients from rural areas and urban people. The rural population faces multiple healthcare access barriers that might influence stroke outcomes. This paper describes and analyzes clinical features in stroke patients according to their location. Methods: Prospective cohort study of Colombian stroke patients using demographic and clinical data collected between 2018 and 2020 in a high complexity hospital from southwestern Colombia, as part of a pilot stroke network consisting of rural primary centers and a mothership center. Mode of transport to the stroke center, timing, clinical characteristics, interventions, and modified Rankin scale (mRS) at discharge and 3 months were assessed. Results: We included 579 stroke patients (66.14% ischemic), with a median age of 70 years (60-81). Urban subjects showed higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (p=0.009), previous hemorrhagic stroke (p=0.036), and TIA (p=0.002). Approximately 35% of cases were initially evaluated at a rural primary care center. These subjects exhibited a higher NIHSS scores (10 IQR 5-19 vs. 5 IQR 2-13; p=0.000) with a longer window (p<0.001) and were mainly transferred by ambulance (89.80%, p=0.000). Due to the severity, door-to-imaging time was shorter (p=0.001). Rural patients receive thrombolysis in 27.36% and underwent thrombectomy in 14.43%. Higher mRs at discharge (3 IQR 2-5 vs. 2 IQR 1-4; p=0.000) and three-months follow-up (3 IQR 1-6 vs. 1 IQR 0-4; p<0.001) were observed. Conclusions: Rural patients from southwestern Colombia were more likely to present with severe strokes even though they had lower rates of cardiovascular risk factors. They arrived later to the stroke center, but the final diagnosis was reached faster. Nonetheless, disability was higher at discharge and 3-months follow-up.

scholarly journals Magnitude of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Rural and Urban Areas in Benin: Findings from a Nationwide Steps Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0126441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yessito Corine Nadège Houehanou ◽  
Philippe Lacroix ◽  
Gbedecon Carmelle Mizehoun ◽  
Pierre-Marie Preux ◽  
Benoit Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Steps Survey

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute poisoning among children: A study at a poisoning unit of a university hospital in Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raed M Alazab ◽  
Mahmoud T Elmougy ◽  
Ramadan A Fayad ◽  
Hoda F Abdelsalam ◽  
Amr S Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Health Promotion Programs

Childhood poisoning is a major cause of morbidity in both developing and developed countries. In spite of the suc-cess of some interventions to prevent accidental poisoning in the pediatric population, toxic ingestions continue to be a common occurrence. This aim of this study was to identify the incidence rate and determinants of acute poison-ing among children (1-60 months old) who were admitted to the Poisoning Unit of a university hospital in Egypt. A study was conducted in the period from July 2011 until May 2012 at the poisoning unit of a university hospital. The studied children were from both rural and urban areas, were a mix of boys and girls, did not suffer from any mental disabilities, were aged between 1 month old to 60 months old, and were of Egyptian nationality. Data was collected by using a clinical examination form and a questionnaire. All parents/carers of the studied children were interviewed as well. Clinical assessment of the children included: general health conditions; AVPU (alert, respond to verbal stim-uli, respond to painful stimuli, unconsciousness); and clinical examinations. The findings of the study demonstrated that 18.5% of total admissions were children (1-60 months old), 62.5% were males, 83.3% did not attend nursery, 79.9% were from urban areas, 33% of mothers were illiterate, and 60.2% of poisonings were due to household prod-ucts. Kerosene alone was implicated in 24.3% of all cases; 37.4% of cases took place in the kitchen; 47.4% of cases were poisoned during the period between 8am and 4pm, and 65.4% reached the poisoning unit within 2 to 4 hours of accidental poisoning. Risk factors among the studied children were ordered by stepwise regression analysis as the following: non employed mothers; children who did not attend nursery; children of the male gender; and the educa-tion and literacy level of their mothers. Effective health promotion programs for parents and carers regarding poi-soning hazards are needed to increase awareness and reduce the incidence of poisoning among children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i2.15943 South East Asia J Public Health | Jul-Dec 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 2 | 41-47

scholarly journals Exposure to Leptospira spp. and Associated Risk Factors in the Human, Cattle and Dog Populations in Bhutan

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Anou Dreyfus ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Ruf ◽  
Anne Mayer-Scholl ◽  
Theresa Zitzl ◽  
Nadine Loosli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The Military

Leptospirosis is a neglected worldwide zoonotic bacterial disease with a high prevalence in subtropical and tropical countries. The prevalence of Leptospira spp. in humans, cattle and dogs is unknown in Bhutan. Therefore, we sought to find out whether humans, cattle or dogs had been infected in the past with leptospires by measuring antibodies in the serum. We therefore collected blood from 864 humans ≥13 years of age, 130 bovines and 84 dogs from different rural and urban areas in Bhutan and tested the serum for antibodies specific for leptospires with a screening of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and a confirmatory microscopic agglutination test (MAT). In humans, 17.6% were seropositive by ELISA and 1.6% by MAT. The seropositivity was stronger in bovines (36.9%) and dogs (47.6%). “Having had a fever recently” (OR 5.2, p = 0.004), “working for the military” (OR 26.6, p = 0.028) and “being unemployed” (OR 12.9, p = 0.041) (reference category = housemaker) were statistically significantly associated with seropositivity when controlled for the effects of other risk factors. However, due to the small number of positive test results, the findings on risk factors should be interpreted with caution. Based on the serogroups found in the three species, dogs could be a source of infection for humans, or dogs and humans are exposed to the same environmental risk factors Clinical leptospirosis in humans and domestic animals should be investigated by testing blood and urine for the presence of leptospires by molecular methods (qPCR).

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