scholarly journals A Model for Optimal Treatment of Cassava Wastewater Using Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
A.O. Ibeje ◽  
E. Onukwugha
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Cyanide Inhibition ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Influent Flow

The major components of the effluents from cassava processing industries are cyanide and starch. However it is suspected that cyanide inhibits the treatment of cassava wastewater. The experimental data were successfully fitted to a polynomial model which was used to optimize the treatment processes at a laboratory scale. The Monod and Michealis-menten models for cassava wastewater treatment was successfully calibrated and validated in an ABR system. For Michealis-Menten model, the maximum substrate utilization rate is estimated in the range: 2866.88 to 1432.84 mgl-1 and for Monod’s model, it is estimated in the range: 493 to 1242 mgl-1, which is more realistic, hence validating the empirical model as more accurate than the former, which is theoretical. The result revealed that the inhibitor constant decreased from 9.9989 to 1.6101mgl-1 as the number of baffles increased from 3 to 10. To reach a maximum COD removal efficiency of 99%, it was found that the aspect ratio of 10, 20 baffles, cyanide inhibition constant of 30 mg/l and influent flow rate of 0.8 l/min, are the required optimum operating conditions of the anaerobic baffled reactors.

Development of a CFD-based simulation model and optimization of thermal diffusion column: application on noble gas separation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Eghbalahmadi ◽  
Parissa Khadiv-Parsi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Ali Mousavian ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Eghbal Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Diffusion ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Wire Temperature ◽  
Diffusion Column ◽  
Performance Effects

Abstract In this study, numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the separation of the helium-argon gas mixture by thermal diffusion column. This research determined the significant parameters and their effects on the process performance. Effects of feed flow rate, cut ratio, and hot wire temperature in a 950 mm height column with an inner tube of 9.5 mm radius were examined through the simulation of the thermal diffusion column. For minimizing the number of simulations and obtaining the optimum operating conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) was used. Analysis of separative work unit (SWU) values as a target function for helium-argon separation clearly showed that the maximum amount of SWU in thermal diffusion column was achieved, when hot wire temperature increased as large as technically possible, and the feed rate and cut ratio were equal to 55 Standard Cubic Centimeters per Minute (SCCM) and 0.44, respectively. Finally, the SWU value in optimum conditions was compared with the experimental data. Results illustrated that the experimental data were in good agreement with simulation data with an accuracy of about 90%.

Optimization of leachate treatment using persulfate/H2O2 based advanced oxidation process: case study: Deir El-Balah Landfill Site, Gaza Strip, Palestine

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Hilles ◽  
Salem S. Abu Amr ◽  
Rim A. Hussein ◽  
Anwar I. Arafa ◽  
Olfat D. El-Sebaie
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
N Removal

The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of employing H2O2 reagent in persulfate activation to treat stabilized landfill leachate. A central composite design (CCD) with response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the relationships between operating variables, such as persulfate and H2O2 dosages, pH, and reaction time, to identify the optimum operating conditions. Quadratic models for the following two responses proved to be significant with very low probabilities (<0.0001): chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N removal. The obtained optimum conditions included a reaction time of 116 min, 4.97 g S2O82−, 7.29 g H2O2 dosage and pH 11. The experimental results were corresponding well with predicted models (COD and NH3-N removal rates of 81% and 83%, respectively). The results obtained in the stabilized leachate treatment were compared with those from other treatment processes, such as persulfate only and H2O2 only, to evaluate its effectiveness. The combined method (i.e., /S2O82−/H2O2) achieved higher removal efficiencies for COD and NH3-N compared with other studied applications.

Removal efficiency of pharmaceuticals and personal care products with varying wastewater treatment processes and operating conditions – conception of a database and first results

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Miège ◽  
J.M. Choubert ◽  
L. Ribeiro ◽  
M. Eusèbe ◽  
M. Coquery
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
First Results ◽  
Mean Concentration

We created a database in order to quantitatively assess the occurrence and removal efficiency of PPCPs in WWTPs. From 113 scientific publications, we compiled 5887 data on the concentrations and loads of PPCPs in WWTP influents and effluents, and on their removal efficiency. The first outputs of our database include: (1) a list of the most frequently studied molecules, their frequency of detection, their mean concentration and removal in liquid influent and effluent; (2) a comparison of the removal efficiency for different WWTP processes; (3) a study of the influence of the operating conditions (sludge and hydraulic retention times).

Research on the treatment of oily wastewater by coalescence technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1588-1593
Author(s):  
Chunbiao Li ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Coarse Graining ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Oily Wastewater Treatment

Recently, oily wastewater treatment has become a hot research topic across the world. Among the common methods for oily wastewater treatment, coalescence is one of the most promising technologies because of its high efficiency, easy operation, smaller land coverage, and lower investment and operational costs. In this research, a new type of ceramic filter material was chosen to investigate the effects of some key factors including particle size of coarse-grained materials, temperature, inflow direction and inflow velocity of the reactor. The aim was to explore the optimum operating conditions for coarse-graining. Results of a series of tests showed that the optimum operating conditions were a combination of grain size 1–3 mm, water temperature 35 °C and up-flow velocity 8 m/h, which promised a maximum oil removal efficiency of 93%.

scholarly journals Multiple Modeling Techniques for Assessing Sesame Oil Extraction under Various Operating Conditions and Solvents

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham Osman ◽  
Ihab Shigidi ◽  
Amir Arabi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Radial Basis Functions ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Basis Functions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Radial Basis

This paper compares four different modeling techniques: Response Surface Method (RSM), Linear Radial Basis Functions (LRBF), Quadratic Radial Basis Functions (QRBF), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The models were tested by monitoring their performance in predicting the optimum operating conditions for Sesame seed oil extraction yields. Experimental data using three different solvents—hexane, chloroform, and acetone—with varying ratios of solvents to seeds, all under different temperatures, rotational speeds, and mixing times, were modeled by the three proposed techniques. Efficiency for model predictions was examined by monitoring error value performance indicators (R2, R2adj, and RMSE). Results showed that the applied modeling techniques gave good agreements with experimental data regardless of the efficiency of the solvents in oil extraction. On the other hand, the ANN model consistently performed more accurate predictions with all tested solvents under all different operating conditions. This consistency is demonstrated by the higher values of R2 and R2adj ratio equals to one and the very low value of error of RMSE (2.23 × 10−3 to 3.70 × 10−7), thus concluding that ANN possesses a universal ability to approximate nonlinear systems in comparison to other models.

scholarly journals Forecasting Wastewater Treatment Results with an ANFIS Intelligent System

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1175-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mahshidnia ◽  
A. Jafarian
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Excessive Pressure ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Poly Aniline ◽  
Wheat Husk

Wastewaters caused by industrial and manufacturing production containing pollutants which beside degradation and depletion of natural resources, impose excessive pressure on the Earth's ecosystems and exacerbate water shortages. One of the pollutants is a toxic substance named Malachite Green (MG). Wastewater treatment means to obtain usable water by separating contaminants of contaminated water. One of its main purposes is the recovery and re-use of wastewater for a variety of uses including agriculture and aquaculture, especially in arid and semi-arid countries, as well as providing environmental protection. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate MG separation efficiency by nano composite materials. Poly-aniline was covered on Wheat Husk Ash in order to prepare this type of nano composite. The material was analyzed by X-ray radiation and scanned by an electron microscope. The level of separation depends on the initial value of wheat husk ash and poly-aniline and the initial concentration of MG and the intensity of ultraviolet radiation and radiation time. The effect of these parameters was investigated and optimum operating conditions were obtained. An adaptive neural fuzzy intelligent system was used to forecast the results of the MG separation process. The comparison between the results forecasted by the designed model and experimental data strengthens the validity of the process.

Lessons learnt from 15 years of ICA in anaerobic digesters

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Steyer ◽  
O. Bernard ◽  
D.J. Batstone ◽  
I. Angelidaki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
On Line ◽  
Rate Processes

Anaerobic digestion plants are highly efficient wastewater treatment processes with inherent energy production. Despite these advantages, many industries are still reluctant to use them because of their instability confronted with changes in operating conditions. There is therefore great potential for application of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) in the field of anaerobic digestion. This paper will discuss the requirements (in terms of on-line sensors needed, modelling efforts and mathematical complexity) but also the advantages and drawbacks of different control strategies that have been applied to AD high rate processes over the last 15 years.

Investigation of the System Parameters Affecting the Runtime of a Freezer Compartment

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnu Kerpicci ◽  
Onur Poyraz ◽  
Tolga N. Aynur ◽  
Ismail Teke
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Evaporation Temperature ◽  
Wide Range

In this study, an experimental setup was built to evaluate the energy consumption of a freezer compartment by varying the runtime (i.e. the ratio of the compressor ON time to the total cycle time) of the system with the evaporation temperature and the airflow rate. Evaporation temperature and the normalized airflow rate were varied from −25°C to −28°C and from 0.8 to 1.4, respectively, thus the effects of these parameters on the runtime of the freezer were evaluated in a wide range of operating conditions. In addition, an empirical model that estimates the runtime within ± 4% compared to the experimental data was presented. By using the empirical model, optimum operating conditions (i.e. evaporation temperature and airflow rate) for the freezer were found with an energy saving of %13.8.

scholarly journals Applicability of Al/P (Aluminium/Phosphorus) Ratio in SeDAF Process for Enhanced Phosphorus Removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 539-547
Author(s):  
Yeoju Jang ◽  
Jinhong Jung ◽  
Kwangho Ahn ◽  
Hyunman Lim ◽  
Weonjae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Operation Characteristics ◽  
Dissolved Air

Objectives : To prevent eutrophication and algal blooms, Ministry of Environment in Korea has reinforced the effluent standards of wastewater treatment facilities. In the last 20 years, various advanced wastewater treatment processes have been introduced nationwide. The sedimentation･dissolved air flotation (SeDAF) process has been developed for efficient enhanced phosphorus removal in the previous researches. In the study, several factors were reviewed to examine the operation characteristics of the SeDAF process. In particular, the applicability of aluminium/phosphorus (Al/P) and aluminium/turbidity (Al/T) ratios were investigated intensively.Methods : To derive the appropriate operating conditions for the SeDAF process, several sets of lab-scale tests were carried out. For each operating condition, Al/P (Al/T-P), Al/PO<sub>4</sub>3--P, and Al/T (Al/Turbidity) ratios were analyzed, compared and reviewed respectively.Results and Discussion : Al/P ratio was revealed as the most prominent factor in terms of stability and feasibility of operation, and Al/P values of the SeDAF process could achieve lower values than those of other processes in the previous researches.Conclusions : It could be expected that the coagulant dosage decision using Al/P ratio has many advantages to reduce coagulant dosage and to decrease the amount of sludge production in the SeDAF process.

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