scholarly journals Institutional Analysis of Adoption of Agroforestry Practices in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulatu Fekadu Zerihun
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agroforestry Practices

Agroforestry practices are innovations developed in response to problems associated with inappropriate land use practices. The latter refers to the use of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes because of an increase in urbanisation, rapidly developing industry, and investments, and, finally, gaps in laws and regulations (Cengiz, 2013). Agroforestry practices are land-based economic development strategies with a perceived positive role in supporting rural livelihoods. Using a logistic regression model with cross-sectional data, this study explores the impact of institutional factors and incentive mechanisms that affect the adoption of agroforestry innovations. The study finds that a larger number of extension services, access to credit, access to extension, information exchange among farmers, trust in local institutions, active participation in social  groups and organisations, and prior exposure to agricultural technologies are the variables that positively affect the adoption of agroforestry innovations in the study area. These findings have policy implications in promoting integrated rural development in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.

scholarly journals Agroforestry Practices in Livelihood Improvement in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8477
Author(s):  
Mulatu Fekadu Zerihun
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Sustainable Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Agroforestry Practices

Agroforestry plays a significant role in increasing agricultural productivity. In South Africa, there is a pressing need for promoting smallholder agriculture to promote sustainable rural livelihoods, to ensure food security, to lower inflation in food prices, and address rampant rural unemployment in the country. The agricultural economy is characterised by a monopoly structure where almost every single staple in South Africa is already produced by large manufacturers that can produce it at better quality and lower cost than the average smallholder enterprise or cooperative. Such a monopoly structure fundamentally undermines the development of local markets, where local small-scale producers sell to their local community. The novelty of this study is addressing the research gap that conventional rural livelihood analyses often neglect, i.e., the role of environmental products in general, and forest and agroforestry products. Using a log linear regression model with cross-sectional data collected from a sample of 300 households, this study explores the likely impact of agroforestry practices in promoting the livelihood of rural communities in the study areas. Results obtained from multiple linear regression analysis showed that average household income increased as a function of utilization of agroforestry practices. Agroforestry contributes to sustainable rural livelihoods in South African provinces where the predominant means of livelihoods is rural subsistence farming and agriculture. Since valuation of agroforestry products and services are technically difficult, farmers often underestimate the contribution of agroforestry to the household’s livelihood income. These findings have policy implications in promoting food security in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and beyond.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Survey of the Prevalence and Determinants of Overweight and Obesity Among Primary Healthcare Professional Nurses In Eastern Cape, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sizeka Monakali ◽  
Daniel Ter Goon ◽  
Eunice Seekoe ◽  
Eyitayo Omolara Owolabi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Professional ◽  
Professional Nurses

There is a paucity of data on the burden of obesity among primary Health care professional nurses in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. This study examines the prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity among Primary Healthcare Professional nurses in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. This workplace cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 Primary Health Care Professional nurses selected conveniently across 41 primary healthcare facilities in Eastern Cape, South Africa following a the WHO STEPwise approach and using the WHO STEPwise questionnaire for data collection. Data were expressed as mean, counts and proportions, as appropriate. We compared percentages using chi-square test. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. Seventy six percent of the nurses were obese and 18% were overweight. Age, gender, marital status, duration of practice, alcohol use and smoking were significantly associated with obesity. Only age >30 years and not using alcohol were independent predictors of obesity, after adjusting for confounders. We found a high prevalence of obesity among primary healthcare professional nurses in this setting. This constitute future risk for an increased prevalence of chronic diseases among the healthcare workforce in this setting. There is a need for measures to promote healthy lifestyle behaviours and weight management among nurses in this setting.

scholarly journals Covid-19 Pandemic in South Africa: An Exploration on Citizen Adherence to Protocols and Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungisani Moyo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Crisis Leadership ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Masses

This paper sought to explore the general public’s response to the national communications about COVID-19 in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A qualitative research strategy was utilised to conduct fieldwork in Scenery Park Phase 1 and 2 locations in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in King Williams town CBD, and Alice town CBD in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa to understand the context of the participants. Exploratory and descriptive approaches were used in this study. Data collection was cross-sectional as information was gathered once through face-to-face interviews with purposively selected 30 community members and leaders, 10 from each location. The findings indicated that, dissemination of information about COVID-19 was ineffective and inadequate for little was done to address the illiterate population. The study recommends the training and development of crisis leadership competencies as a proactive measure. The study also recommends spirited awareness campaigns ahead of an impending disaster to fully educate and empower the masses.

scholarly journals Characterizations of Bacterial Vaginosis among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women in Rural Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Teke Apalata ◽  
Sandisiwe Nojaholo ◽  
Ikanyeng D. Seipone ◽  
Ntombizodumo Nxasana
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Negative

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is extremely common among the African population and is associated with the transmission and acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of BV among HIV-infected and -uninfected women in rural Eastern Cape province of South Africa. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2017 and March 2018 on women aged 18 years and above (n = 100), attending Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and Ngangelizwe Community Health Centre with signs and symptoms suggestive of vaginal infection. High vaginal swabs were collected, and BV was diagnosed using Nugent’s score. The prevalence rate of BV was 70% irrespective of HIV status. Of the 61 HIV-infected patients, 49 (80.3%) and 12 (19.7%) were BV positive and BV negative, respectively; whilst of the 39 HIV-uninfected women, 21 (53.8%) and 18 (46.2%) were BV positive and BV negative, respectively (OR = 3.5; CI: 1.4–8.5; p = 0.005 ). Women aged above 35 years were highly likely to develop BV ( p = 0.049 ). The presence of Mobiluncus species (>25 per high microscopic field) was significantly associated with BV among HIV-infected patients ( p = 0.030 ). A recent history of antibiotic use (≤3 months) was significantly associated with BV among HIV-negative patients ( p = 0.044 ). This study shows that BV is more prevalent among HIV-positive women than their HIV-negative counterparts, and its occurrence is higher among those aged above 35 years. The predominance of Mobiluncus species in the vagina microbiota of HIV-infected women might play a significant role in the development of BV. These findings suggest that the treatment of BV could restore normal flora and reduce susceptibility to and transmission of HIV.

scholarly journals High human papillomavirus prevalence among females attending high school in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253074
Author(s):  
Zizipho Z. A. Mbulawa ◽  
Nontuthuzelo I. Somdyala ◽  
Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda ◽  
Anna-Lise Williamson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
The Impact

As part of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination strategy in South Africa, it is essential to have information on HPV prevalence, and HPV types distribution among the unvaccinated population. Information on the prevalence of HPV and the distribution of HPV types in adolescents and young women in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province is minimal. Therefore, this study investigates the prevalence, distribution of HPV types, and factors associated with HPV infection amongst unvaccinated female learners. A sample composed of 213 sexually active female learners attending high schools in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa; median age 18 years, who provided self-collected vaginal specimens. Roche Linear Array HPV genotyping assay that detects 37 HPV genotypes was used to detect HPV infection. HPV infection was detected in 76.06% (162/213) of participants. Of these 14.55% (31/213) were positive for HPV types targeted by the Cervarix® HPV vaccine (HPV-16 and/or 18), 20.66% (44/213) by Gardasil®4 (HPV-6, -11, -16 and/or -18) and 37.09% (79/213) by Gardasil®9 (HPV-6, -11, -16, -18, -31, -33, -45, -52 and/or -58). HPV-35, commonly detected in cervical cancer cases among women of African ancestry, was frequently detected (9.40%). Participants who reported to have ever consumed alcohol had a significantly higher risk of HPV infection (OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 1.38–6.11, p = 0.005). High HPV prevalence was observed among participants. The high prevalence of HPV types targeted by the Gardasil®9 vaccine encourages the introduction of the Gardasil®9 vaccine. Data from this study will inform both vaccination campaigns and monitor the impact on HPV types after vaccination.

scholarly journals Water Scarcity and Food Security in Ngqeleni Locality in the Eastern Cape Province- South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10(1) (10(1)) ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Laura Novienyo Abla Amoah
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Focus Group Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

South Africa in general and the Eastern Cape Province in particular face increasing water shortages. However, little empirical evidence exists on how rural households are affected by water scarcity and the impact thereof on food security. This paper discusses the relationship between water scarcity and food security in Ngqeleni, a rural location in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Through empirical evidence collected using techniques inspired by the tradition of participatory focus group research and self-administered questionnaires in Ngqeleni, it is argued that there is a significant relationship between water scarcity and food security. Results also reveal that population growth, lack of political will and commitment, inadequate water resource infrastructure, and weaknesses within the institutional framework are some of the causes of water scarcity. Until effective water management systems are identified and enforced, food security will continue to plague Ngqeleni.

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