“INHIBITION” OF STREPTOCOCCUS LACTIS BY A QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND IN CHEESE MILKS

1952 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 278-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet C. Curry ◽  
Franklin W. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compound ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Streptococcus Lactis ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

The inhibition of lactic acid bacteria by quaternary ammonium compounds in milk has been shown to be an effect on acid production and not upon growth. Lactic acid production is affected by concentrations of 2.5 – 10 ppm, while growth is not affected unless the concentration is 25 – 50 ppm.

PSYCHROPHILIC BACTERIA—A SANITATION PROBLEM1 2

1953 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Parker ◽  
A. L. Coldwell ◽  
P. R. Elliker
Keyword(s):  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compound ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Psychrophilic Bacteria ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Complex Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Salts ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

The Weber and Black method for evaluating germicides was used to compare the efficiency of hypochlorite and quarternary ammonium compounds in the destruction of representative psychrophilic bacteria isolated from defective milk products. Under conditions of the test, hypochlorites displayed a more rapid germicide action than quaternary ammonium compounds against suspensions of the psychrophilic bacteria studied. The germicidal action of a quaternary ammonium compound was markedly stimulated by the addition of certain complex phosphate salts.

Effect of residues of five disinfectants in milk on acid production by strains of lactic starters used for Cheddar cheesemaking and on organoleptic properties of the cheese

1985 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Dunsmore ◽  
Debbie Makin ◽  
Richard Arkins
Keyword(s):  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compound ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Tube Test ◽  
Streptococcus Lactis

SUMMARYThe inhibitory effect of five disinfectants on acid production byStreptococcus lactisandStr. cremorisCheddar cheese starters was compared using two techniques, a laboratory scale fermentation tube test, and pilot scale cheese manufacture. Threshold inhibition concentrations (partial, total) of disinfectants (mg/1) on acid production observed in the fermentation tube were: peracetic acid/H2O2(0–5, > 600) iodophor (75–220, > 400), quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), (20–30, > 200), acidic anionic (60–120, 600–1200), and Na hypochlorite (400–1000, > 1000). Threshold inhibition concentrations (partial, total) observed in the cheese vat were (mg/I); peracetic acid/H2O2(0–5, 5–35), iodophor (15–30, 75–200), QAC (10–20, > 200), acidicanionic(30–120, > 600), and Na hypochlorite (35–400, > 400). Flavour threshold concentrations in the cheese at 4 weeks were (mg/l): peracetic acid/H2O25, iodophor 8, QAC 20, acidic anionic 12, and hypochlorite 50. It is concluded that problems in cheese manufacture are unlikely to occur with hypochlorites, iodophors, and acidic anionics, but that care should be taken when using QAC and peracetic acid as sanitizers. A correlation coefficient of 0918 was computed between the two methods of determining partial acid inhibition (P< 0·005).

DESTRUCTION OF LACTIC ACID STREPTOCOCCUS BACTERIOPHAGE BY HYPOCHLORITE AND QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS*

1951 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Parker ◽  
P. R. Elliker
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ◽  
Streptococcus Lactis ◽  
Streptococcus Cremoris ◽  
Quaternary Compounds ◽  
Dairy Equipment ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

A modification of the Weber and Black method was employed to compare rate of destruction of lactic streptococcus bacteriophage by sodium hypochlorite and quaternary ammonium compounds. At concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm, the hypochlorite exhibited faster destruction of phage than did the quaternary ammonium compounds. At 200 ppm both quaternaries and hypochlorites completely inactivated the phage in a 15-second exposure period. Results indicated that an active hypochlorite should be preferable to quaternary compounds for destruction of bacteriophage on dairy equipment. Different phage strains for both Streptococcus lactis and Streptococcus cremoris showed marked variations in resistance to quaternary ammonium germicides.

Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in Silage and Its Subsequent Control by Specific and Nonspecific Antagonism

1990 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 642-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
CURTT M. PERRY ◽  
CATHERINE W. DONNELLY
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
Listeria Species

Silage samples representing approximately 10% of Vermont's dairy farms were tested for the presence of Listeria species. Listeria innocua was isolated from 15.3% of the silage samples, while Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 2.9% of the examined samples. As silage pH increased, the incidence of Listeria increased concomitantly. Seventy-eight mesophilic lactic acid bacteria, indigenous to silage, were screened for specific and nonspecific antagonism against four L. monocytogenes indicator strains. Most of the silage isolates demonstrated nonspecific inhibition via lactic acid production against the L. monocytogenes indicator strains. None of the indigenous silage isolates tested in this survey demonstrated specific antagonism via production of bacteriocinogenic compounds.

Biotechnological advances in lactic acid production by lactic acid bacteria: lignocellulose as novel substrate

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Cubas-Cano ◽  
Cristina González-Fernández ◽  
Mercedes Ballesteros ◽  
Elia Tomás-Pejó
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production

Rapid Screening Test for the Evaluation of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds by Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride Reduction by Microorganisms

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1224-1228
Author(s):  
Raymond J Sitkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Test System ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Rapid Screening Test ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

Abstract A rapid screening test has been developed to determine killing dilutions of quaternary ammonium compounds. Two factors, Letheen broth as a quaternary ammonium compound neutralizer and triphenyltetrazolium chloride as a microbial growth indicator, resulted in a rapid test system for the evaluation of quaternary ammonium compounds. This rapid test system takes from 4 to 8 hr to complete as opposed to the 24 to 48 hr for other tests. A new germicide can be bacteriologically screened in one day.

Surface Modification for Cotton Fiber and its Antimicrobial Characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 2067-2070
Author(s):  
Fei Zhou ◽  
Jing Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Compound ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Ammonium Compound ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

Quaternary ammonium compounds, Couple, Cotton fiber, Antibacterial activity. Abstract. a gemini-type quaternary ammonium compound with a hydroxyl group in their spacer chain, 4,5-bis(dodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide)-1-pentanol (called as DAP12), was immobilized on the surface of cotton fiber by using a silane coupler, tetraethoxysilane and a novel antibacterial cotton fiber (called as CF12) was prepared. Antibacterial characteristics of CF12 were investigated comparatively with [3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] octadecyldimethylammonium chloride(TPOAC), a mono-type quaternary ammonium salt. CF12 had excellent antibacterial characteristics in the wide range of environmental pH and temperature, which is not weakened even if 30 times repetitive use. The experimental results indicated also that CF12 has higher antimicrobial activity than TPOAC immobilized on the surface of cotton fiber against a broad range of microorganisms, and average inhibition ratio against 15 strains of gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria and yeasts is 99.0% at 30 °C and pH 6.0.

EFFECT OF MALATHION AND TRICHLORFON ON GROWTH1 AND MORPHOLOGY OF LACTIC CULTURE ORGANISMS

1971 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Deane ◽  
M. M. Van Patten
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Chain Formation ◽  
Streptococcus Lactis ◽  
Litmus Milk ◽  
Dry Milk

Addition of 100 ppm of malathion or trichlorfon had little effect on lactic acid production in reconstituted non-fat dry milk by Streptococus diacetilactis or Streptococus thermophilus. Variation in cell size of Streptococus cremoris 3, Streptococcus lactis W 8 and several strains of S. thermophilus occurred following repeated transfers in litmus milk to which 100 ppm of malathion or 500 ppm trichlorfon had been added. The Lactobacillus bulgaricus A culture, after 15 serial transfers in litmus milk containing 500 ppm of trichlorfon, exhibited increased frequency of chain formation and cell structure 30 to 50 μ long with few visible cross walls. A similar effect was observed with L. bulgaricus A and L. bulgaricus GA after repeated transfers in litmus milk which contained 100 ppm malathion. One of five strains of L. casei studied showed similar changes in morphology after repeated transfers in litmus milk which contained 100 ppm malathion. Adding 500 ppm trichlorfon produced a lesser effect. Changes in morphology of this strain of L. casei were not permanent since cells resumed their usual appearance following three to five transfers in plain litmus milk.

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