Geographical Origin Classification of Chinese Wines Based on Carbon and Oxygen Stable Isotopes and Elemental Profiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1323-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
YING-YUE SU ◽  
JIE GAO ◽  
YONG-FANG ZHAO ◽  
HAO-SONG WEN ◽  
JIN-JIE ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Discriminant Model ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Wines from different regions have different qualities due to the impact of geographical location and climate. The sale of inferior wines seriously violates the fair-trade rights of consumers. This article provides an elemental analysis classification method for verifying the geographical origin of wines in the People's Republic of China. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and an isotope ratio mass spectrometer were used to analyze 142 wine samples collected from Helan Mountain, Xinjiang, Yunchuanzang, the Yanhuai Valley, and the Hexi Corridor regions. The data included elemental profiles, carbon isotope ratios (δ13C), and oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O). The results of multivariate analysis revealed that the geographical origin of wine is closely related to variations in elemental profiles and isotope ratios. Introducing δ18O and the elements Li, Mn, Ag, In, Th, Ta, and Re into the discriminant model yielded correct classification rates of the linear discriminant model of 90.8% for the training set and 87.3% for the test set. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals Tracing the Geographical Origin of Thai Hom Mali Rice in Three Contiguous Provinces of Thailand Using Stable Isotopic and Elemental Markers Combined with Multivariate Analysis

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2349
Author(s):  
Supalak Kongsri ◽  
Phitchan Sricharoen ◽  
Nunticha Limchoowong ◽  
Chunyapuk Kukusamude
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Rice is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. The discrimination of geographical origin of rice has emerged as an important issue to prevent mislabeling and adulteration problems and ensure food quality. Here, the discrimination of Thai Hom Mali rice (THMR), registered as a European Protected Geographical Indication (PGI), was demonstrated. Elemental compositions (Mn, Rb, Co, and Mo) and stable isotope (δ18O) in the rice were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS), respectively. The recoveries and precisions of all elements were greater than 98% and lower than 9%, respectively. The analytical precision (±standard deviation) was below ±0.2‰ for δ18O measurement. Mean of Mn, Rb, Co, Mo, and δ18O levels was 14.0 mg kg−1, 5.39 mg kg−1, 0.049 mg kg−1, 0.47 mg kg−1, and 25.22‰, respectively. Only five valuable markers combined with radar plots and multivariate analysis, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) could distinguish THMR cultivated from three contiguous provinces with correct classification and cross-validation of 96.4% and 92.9%, respectively. These results offer valuable insight for the sustainable management and regulation of improper labeling regarding geographical origin of rice in Thailand and other countries.

Determination of n(13C)/n(12C) isotope ratios by MC-ICPMS and IRMS for providing improved R(13C/12C) value of the zero-point of the VPDB isotope delta scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Malinovskiy ◽  
Philip Dunn ◽  
Heidi Goenaga-Infante
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Reference Materials ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Iso 17025

<p>Carbon isotope ratios are typically expressed as isotope delta values d(<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C), often shortened to d<sup>13</sup>C. These are isotope ratios expressed relative to an international measurement standard, which for more than 30 years has been the virtual carbonate Vienna Peedee Belemnite (VPDB). While carbon isotope delta values relative to VPDB can be obtained with very small uncertainties, maintenance of the VPDB scale itself is challenging as it is based upon artefacts with exactly assigned isotope delta values. Linking the VPDB isotope delta scale to the SI would alleviate some of the issues inherent to artefact-based scales and aid long-term comparability of measurement results. Such a link is provided by determination of absolute isotope ratios, i.e., R(<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C).</p><p>New and improved methods for SI-traceable measurements of R(<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C) by both gas source isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) have been developed at LGC. These methods are based on the calibration approach using synthetic isotopologue mixtures. The developed methodology has been successfully applied to producing glycine reference materials, ERM-AE672a and LGC171-KT, with certified SI-traceable n(<sup>13</sup>C)/n(<sup>12</sup>C) isotope amount ratios under ISO 17025 and 17034 accreditations together with indicative d(<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C)<sub>VPDB</sub> values traceable to VPDB.</p><p>These new reference materials realise an absolute isotope ratio for VPDB itself R(<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C)<sub>VPDB</sub> through regression of the  n(<sup>13</sup>C)/n(<sup>12</sup>C) against d(<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C)<sub>VPDB</sub> values. Examining all published values for R(<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C)<sub>VPDB</sub>, including our most recent results, allows a better estimation of this quantity than has previously been achievable and points the way towards linking the VPDB isotope delta scale more firmly to the SI.</p>

Towards SI-traceable Isotope Ratios of Greenhouse Gases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Flierl ◽  
Javis Nwaboh ◽  
Olaf Rienitz ◽  
Olav Werhahn ◽  
Volker Ebert
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Ratios ◽  
Carbon And Oxygen Isotope ◽  
First Results ◽  
Buoyancy Correction ◽  
The Impact

<p>The emission of greenhouse gases and the resulting global warming is one of the most important and challenging issues of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. Carbon dioxide is one of the major contributors to the greenhouse effect and its atmospheric abundance has growing constantly since the beginning of the industrialization. The isotope ratios n(<sup>13</sup>C)/n(<sup>12</sup>C) and n(<sup>18</sup>O)/n(<sup>16</sup>O) are important tools for studying the impact of anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>. Usually, isotopic compositions of CO<sub>2</sub> are reported as δ-values, that express isotope ratios relative to an artifact based on a fossil calcite called VPDB. This relative VPDB scale was necessary, since absolute and SI-traceable isotope ratios of CO<sub>2</sub> are currently not available, neither by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) nor by optical isotope ratio spectroscopy (OIRS). In this study we present a potential way of deriving absolute carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of carbon dioxide via IRMS based on the gravimetric mixture approach. Besides practical improvements like an air buoyancy correction scheme for masses of gases, we show first results applying our method which demonstrate its feasibility, limitations, and achievable uncertainties. Also, we show the mathematics behind our approach and discuss further improvements and applications. Furthermore, we show how these absolute ratios can be used in field applications by OIRS methods including a new approach on OIRS uncertainty assessments according to the GUM. For this contribution we report on our recent results within in the European metrology research projects SIRS (16ENV06). and STELLAR (19ENV05).</p>

Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry or isotope-ratio mass spectrometry in studying the geographical origin of heroin

1991 ◽  
Vol 247 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Desage ◽  
R. Guilluy ◽  
J.L. Brazier ◽  
H. Chaudron ◽  
J. Girard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry
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