Evaluation of the antimicrobial effectiveness of ozonated water for handwashing in the presence of organic material contamination using the ASTM E2946-13 standard test method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwamu Nakamura ◽  
Yasuka Hara ◽  
Rie Harada ◽  
Daiki Tanno ◽  
Jun Kashiwazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Water Group ◽  
American Society ◽  
Antimicrobial Effectiveness ◽  
Ozonated Water

Ozonated water is a possible handwashing alternative to antimicrobial soap and water. In a previous report, 4 ppm of ozonated water removed artificially contaminated bacteria from the hands of healthy volunteers as effectively as antimicrobial or non-antimicrobial soap and water. Currently, there is a lack of data on the efficacy of ozonated water in removing bacteria from hands loaded with organic materials. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ozonated water in removing bacteria from hands contaminated with organic material, according to the American Society for Testing and Materials E2946-13. Sixteen healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to the ozonated water group and antimicrobial soap and water group. Their hands were contaminated with an avirulent strain of Escherichia coli in beef broth suspension. Approximately three log10 CFU bacterial reductions between baseline and post-wash colonies were observed on the hands in both groups. Ozonated water may remove bacteria from hands contaminated with organic material with similar effectiveness as antimicrobial soap and water.

ASTM E 1559 Method for Measuring Material Outgassing/Deposition Kinetics

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
J. Garrett ◽  
A. Glassford ◽  
J. Steakley
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Deposition Kinetics ◽  
Standard Test Method ◽  
Typical Data ◽  
American Society ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Measurement Approach

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) has published a new standard test method for characterizing time and temperature dependence of material outgassing kinetics and the deposition kinetics of outgassed species on surfaces at various temperatures. This new ASTM standard, E 1559,1 uses the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) collection measurement approach. The test method was originally developed under a program sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Materials Laboratory to create a standard test method for obtaining outgassing and deposition kinetics data for spacecraft materials. Standardization by ASTM recognizes that the method has applications beyond aerospace. In particular, the method will provide data of use to the electronics, semiconductor, and high vacuum industries. This paper describes the ASTM E 1559 test method and presents some typical data. the paper also describes the Lockheed ASTM E 1559 test apparatus.

The ASTM International Standard Test Method for Determining the Superplastic Properties of Metallic Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 551-552 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Peter N. Comley
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Test ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
American Society ◽  
Superplastic Properties

Over the last 40 years there have been many papers published showing superplastic properties of metallic materials. However there has been no standardized test available to assess and compare material, and researchers and companies in the field have devised a number of different methods to show superplastic properties. The value of these properties can vary dependent on the test method used. ASTM International (formerly The American Society for Testing and Materials ) has developed a standardized test method for superplastic properties. The standard is intended for all to use as a common platform for testing, evaluating and publishing superplastic properties to a uniform format, useful for both academia and industry. The paper outlines the main points of the standard, including:- The coupon geometry and the method of clamping the coupon in the grips. The furnace and test machine requirements. The testing conditions and the method of pulling the coupon. The analysis of the load and extension data from the test, and the standard presentation of superplastic properties. The basic superplastic properties of stress versus strain for any particular constant strain rate. The method to determine ‘m’, using a step method at a particular strain. Some data is presented showing how the properties of fine grain Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy are derived and presented using the standard.

Comparison of Master Curve and Statistical Model Approach for Prediction of Fracture Toughness of ASTM A285 Steel

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Subramanian ◽  
Andrew J. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Master Curve ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Transition Range ◽  
American Society

The master curve approach was utilized to compare fracture toughness of American Society for Testing of Materials (ASTM) A285 as developed from Charpy v-notch (CVN) data and predictive statistical models. The master curves for each of the data sets were developed in accordance with American Society for Testing Materials Specification E 1921 (ASTM E1921, “Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range”), as prescribed by American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practice 579 (API-579, “Fitness for Service”). The results indicate that predictive statistical models developed from compact tension test results express a lower fracture toughness distribution when compared to CVN data.

scholarly journals ASTM Single Fiber Room Temperature Test Standard Development

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet B. Hurst ◽  
William S. Hong ◽  
Mary L. Gambone ◽  
John R. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Standard Test ◽  
Industrial Test ◽  
Discussion Groups ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Task Group ◽  
Ceramic Fibers ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Single Filament ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
American Society

Development of an updated single filament test standard for tensile strength determination has been undertaken by a joint government-industry task group under the auspices of the Subcommittee C28.07 of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). This update was initiated in response to a need expressed by people involved with fiber testing. A fiber testing workshop in 1991 attracted a wide range of attendees with concerns regarding the uniformity of testing methods and comparability of resulting data in the fiber literature. With the inception of a C28.07.07 Task Group for Ceramic Fibers, an effort to conduct round robin testing was begun among interested government and industrial test facilities. User surveys and discussion groups were also employed to determine areas of concern with the current standard test method, ASTM D 3379-75. Shortcomings in the current standard were identified and methods of addressing these areas were discussed with experts including fiber manufacturers, testing facilities and composite manufacturers. Among the main concerns was the method and application of fiber diameter measurements.

scholarly journals Comparison of Commercial Microvacuum Sampling Cassettes for Settled Dust Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
James R. Millette
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Settled Dust ◽  
American Society ◽  
Indirect Analysis

Three commercially available vacuum samplers (also known as microvacuum samplers or microvacs) were examined for compliance with the Standard ASTM Methods for asbestos in settled dust. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method (D5755-95) for Microvacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos Structure Number Concentration and the similar Method (D5756-95) for mass require that a sample be collected by vacuuming a known surface area with a standard 25 or 37 mm air sampling cassette using a plastic tube that is attached to the inlet orifice which acts as a nozzle.

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