Bending the Evidence: The Relationship between Theory and Experiment in Science Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 50-73
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theory And Experiment

scholarly journals O problema da racionalidade da ciência no século XX e as implicações para um ensino crítico e reflexivo da ciência

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Letícia Lenzi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Science Education ◽  
Nature Of Science ◽  
Thomas Kuhn ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Harsh Criticism ◽  
Scientific Judgment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Criteria ◽  
Rationality Of Science

ResumoAo longo do século XX a concepção tradicional de racionalidade da ciência sofreu duras críticas, principalmente após os trabalhos de Thomas Kuhn a respeito dos critérios de evolução das teorias científicas ao longo da história. Assim, filósofos da ciência assumiram a tarefa de redefinir o que se entende por racionalidade da ciência, garantindo novos critérios para salvaguardar a consistência do juízo científico na articulação das ideias e teorias. Neste artigo, evidenciam-se essas questões para se discutir ações que possam promover uma educação científica crítica e reflexiva, contemplando a relação entre Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade e uma compreensão mais adequada da natureza da ciência. Palavras-chave: Racionalidade da ciência; Natureza da ciência; Educação científica. AbstractThroughout the twentieth century, the traditional conception of rationality of Science suffered harsh criticism, especially after Thomas Kuhn's work concerning the development criteria of scientific theories throughout history. Thus, philosophers of Science have assumed the task of redefining what is meant by rationality of Science, guaranteeing new criteria to safeguard the consistency of scientific judgment in the articulation of ideas and theories. In this article, these issues are highlighted to discuss actions that can promote critical and reflective scientific education, considering the relationship between Science, Technology and Society and a better understanding of the nature of Science.Keywords: Rationality of Science; Nature of Science; Science education.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP WITH SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN BASIC EDUCATION: THE PERSPECTIVE OF STUDENTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Cláudia Valentina Assumpção Galian ◽  
Lucia Helena Sasseron ◽  
Maria Ligia Borba Florenzano ◽  
Agnaldo Arroio
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Education Student ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Natural Science Education ◽  
The Relationship

This article reports the work carried out with a group of six students in two public schools in the State of São Paulo, within a project Pre-Iniciação Científica (Scientific Research Initiation) conducted at Faculty of Education, University of São Paulo, along the year 2011. These students conducted a survey in their schools in order to identify the relationship which their colleagues setting out with knowledge on the scientific disciplines. Thus it is assumed as objective for this study to drive a reflection concerning the views of students who complete basic education in public schools about the basic scientific knowledge who have had access throughout their school trajectories and drive some directions for police makers about natural science education policies. Key words: educational policies, natural science education, student´s view.

Experiment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret C. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Objective Criterion ◽  
Laboratory Science ◽  
Background Theory ◽  
Philosophy Of Experiment ◽  
Specific Category ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theory And Experiment

Experiment, as a specific category of scientific activity, did not emerge until the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century. Seen primarily as an arbiter in theory choice, there was little, if any, analysis of experimental techniques or, the ways in which data become transformed into established facts. Philosophical analysis of experiment was typically simplistic, focusing on the role of observation alone as the foundation for experimental facts. This was challenged by Thomas Kuhn who stressed the importance of background theory and beliefs in all perception, including (its role in) scientific experiment. This interconnection between theory and experiment severely undermined the idea that experiment could stand as an independent and objective criterion for judging the merits of one theory over another. In the 1980s new philosophical analyses of experiment began to emerge, emphasizing the ways in which experiment could be seen to have a life of its own embodying activities that could supposedly be understood without recourse to theory. Factors important in the evaluation of experimental results as well as the ways in which laboratory science differs from its theoretical counterpart became the focus for a new history and philosophy of experiment. Consequently, further debates arose regarding the relationship of experiment to theory, and whether it is possible to provide a methodological framework within which experimental practice can be evaluated.

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