Macroprudential policy instruments

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-72
Author(s):  
Alan Brener
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Macroprudential Policy

Macroprudential Policy Instruments of Central Banks

2012 ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
S. Andryushin ◽  
V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Financial Cycles

The paper analyzes central banks macroprudencial policy and its instruments. The issues of their classification, option, design and adjustment are connected with financial stability of overall financial system and its specific institutions. The macroprudencial instruments effectiveness is evaluated from the two points: how they mitigate temporal and intersectoral systemic risk development (market, credit, and operational). The future macroprudentional policy studies directions are noted to identify the instruments, which can be used to limit the financial systemdevelopment procyclicality, mitigate the credit and financial cycles volatility.

scholarly journals On the Limits of Macroprudential Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Kolasa
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
New Keynesian ◽  
Output Volatility ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Collateral Constraints ◽  
Keynesian Model ◽  
Additional Stabilization ◽  
The Interest Rate

AbstractThis paper studies how macroprudential policy tools applied to the housing market can complement the interest rate-based monetary policy in achieving one additional stabilization objective, defined as keeping either economic activity or credit at some exogenous (and possibly time-varying) levels. We show analytically in a canonical New Keynesian model with housing and collateral constraints that using the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, tax on credit or tax on property as additional policy instruments does not resolve the inflation-output volatility tradeoff. Perfect targeting of inflation and credit with monetary and macroprudential policy is possible only if the role of housing debt in the economy is sufficiently small. The identified limits to the considered policies are related to their predominantly intertemporal impact on decisions made by financially constrained agents, making them poor complements to monetary policy, which also operates at an intertemporal margin. These limits can be overcome if macroprudential policy is instead designed such that it sufficiently redistributes income between savers and borrowers.

scholarly journals Macroprudential Policy Versus Other Economic Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-66
Author(s):  
Eva Lorenčič ◽  
◽  
Mejra Festić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crises ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

After the global financial crisis of 2007, macroprudential policy instruments have gained in recognition as a crucial tool for enhancing financial stability. Monetary policy, fiscal policy, and microprudential policy operate with a different toolkit and focus on achieving goals other than the stability of the financial system as a whole. In ligh of this, a fourth policy – namely macroprudential policy – is required to mitigate and prevent shocks that could destabilize the financial system as a whole and compromise financial stability. The aim of this paper is to contrast macroprudential policy with other economic policies and explain why other economic policies are unable to attain financial stability, which in turn justifies the need for a separate macroprudential policy, the ultimate goal whereof is precisely financial stability of the financial system as a whole. Our research results based on the descriptive research method indicate that, in order to prevent future financial crises, it is indispensable to combine both the microprudential and the macroprudential approach to financial stability. This is because the causes of the crises are often such that they cannot be prevented or mitigated by relying only on microprudential or only on macroprudential policy instruments.

scholarly journals Shocks Matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (97) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy Lama ◽  
Juan Medina
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Output Volatility ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Foreign Exchange Intervention ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Interest Rate Shocks ◽  
Capital Outflows

We study the optimal management of capital flows in a small open economy model with financial frictions and multiple policy instruments. The paper reports two main findings. First, both foreign exchange intervention (FXI) and macroprudential polices are tools complementary to the monetary policy rate that can largely reduce inflation and output volatility in a scenario of capital outflows. Second, the optimal policy mix depends on the underlying shock driving capital flows. FXI takes the leading role in response to foreign interest rate shocks, while macroprudential policy becomes the prominent tool for domestic risk shocks. These results highlight the importance of calibrating the use of multiple instruments according to the underlying shocks that induce shifts in capital flows.

scholarly journals The Impact of Seven Macroprudential Policy Instruments on Financial Stability in Six Euro Area Economies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-290
Author(s):  
Eva Lorenčič ◽  
Mejra Festić
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Credit Growth ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
Maturity Mismatch ◽  
Degree Of Maturity ◽  
Solvency Ratio

Abstract The aim of this paper is to investigate whether macroprudential policy instruments can influence the credit growth rate and hence financial stability. We use a fixed effects panel regression model to test the following hypothesis for six euro area economies (Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Spain) during time span 2010 Q3 to 2018 Q4: “Macroprudential policy instruments (degree of maturity mismatch; interbank loans as a percentage of total loans; leverage ratio; non-deposit funding as a percentage of total funding; loan-to-value ratio; loan-to-deposit ratio; solvency ratio) enhance financial stability, as measured by credit growth”. Our empirical results suggest that the degree of maturity mismatch, non-deposit funding as a percentage of total funding, loan-to-value ratio and loan-to-deposit ratio exhibit the predicted impact on the credit growth rate and therefore on financial stability. On the other hand, interbank loans as a percentage of total loans, leverage ratio, and solvency ratio do not exhibit the expected impact on the response variable. Since only four regressors (out of seven) have the signs predicted by our hypothesis, we can only partly confirm it.

Optimal macroprudential regulation tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-795
Author(s):  
I.R. Ipatyev
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Credit Cycles ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
Optimal Set

Subject. This article examines the hypothesis that microprudential and monetary policies are not able to provide measures to prevent excessive lending and guarantee the ability of financial institutions to cope with the growing credit bubble. Objectives. The article examines approaches to identifying viable macroprudential policy options and an optimal set of regulation instruments. Methods. For the study, I used a content analysis and generalization. Results. The article presents some results of the assessment of certain macroprudential requirement instruments. Conclusions. The study shows that some macroprudential policy tools can reduce systemic risks associated with credit cycles. Monetary policy alone is not able to effectively withstand the credit bubble risk. All financial policy instruments must be taken and considered together, as they work closely together.

Balancing Financial Stability and Housing Affordability

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Property Transfer

Housing market imbalances are a key source of systemic risk and can adversely affect housing affordability. This paper utilizes a stylized model of the Canadian economy that includes policymakers with differing objectives—macroeconomic stability, financial stability, and housing affordability. Not surprisingly, when faced with multiple objectives, deploying more policy instruments can lead to better outcomes. The results show that macroprudential policy can be more effective than policies based on adjusting propertytransfer taxes because property-tax policy entails excessive volatility in tax rates. They also show that if property-transfer taxes are used as a policy instrument, taxes targeted at a broader-set of homebuyers can be more effective than measures targeted at a smaller subset of homebuyers, such as nonresident homebuyers.

Macroprudential policy – closing the financial stability gap

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Fahr ◽  
John Fell
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Price Stability ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroprudential Policies ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
System Resilience

Purpose The global financial crisis demonstrated that monetary policy alone cannot ensure both price and financial stability. According to the Tinbergen (1952) rule, there was a gap in the policymakers’ toolkit for safeguarding financial stability, as the number of available policy instruments was insufficient relative to the number of policy objectives. That gap is now being closed through the creation of new macroprudential policy instruments. Both monetary policy and macroprudential policy have the capacity to influence both price and financial stability objectives. This paper develops a framework for determining how best to assign instruments to objectives. Design/methodology/approach Using a simplified New-Keynesian model, the authors examine two sets of policy trade-offs, the first concerning the relative effectiveness of monetary and macroprudential policy instruments in achieving price and financial stability objectives and the second concerning trade-offs between macroprudential policy instruments themselves. Findings This model shows that regardless of whether the objective is to enhance financial system resilience or to moderate the financial cycle, macroprudential policies are more effective than monetary policy. Likewise, monetary policy is more effective than macroprudential policy in achieving price stability. According to the Mundell (1962) principle of effective market classification, this implies that macroprudential policy instruments should be paired with financial stability objectives, and monetary policy instruments should be paired with the price stability objective. The authors also find a trade-off between the two sets of macroprudential policy instruments, which indicates that failure to moderate the financial cycle would require greater financial system resilience. Originality/value The main contribution of the paper is to establish – with the help of a model framework – the relative effectiveness of monetary and macroprudential policies in achieving price and financial stability objectives. By so doing, it provides a rationale for macroprudential policy and it shows how macroprudential policy can unburden monetary policy in leaning against the wind of financial imbalances.

scholarly journals Macroprudential policy and financial stability, role and tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Mehdi Bouchetara ◽  
Abdelkader Nassour ◽  
Sidi Eyih
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Banking Crises ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
The Impact

The aim of macroprudential policy is to ensure financial stability by avoiding the outbreak of banking crises, which have a dangerous effect on the economy. Is macroprudential policy effective in the face of banking crises and systemic risks? The macroprudential policy has received significant interest from policy-makers and researchers. A few developing countries were using macroprudential policy tools well before the 2008 financial crisis, but significant progress has been made thereafter in both emerging and industrialized economies to put in place specific institutional settings for macroprudential policy. The fundamental objective of macroprudential policy is to maintain the stability of the financial system by making it more resistant and preventing the risk build-up. The objective of this paper is to analyze the important role of macroprudential policy in ensuring overall financial stability. Since the financial crisis of 2008, macroprudential policy has been increasingly used across economies. These measures aim at smoothing financial cycles and thereby mitigating the impact on the real economy, thereby allowing monetary policy to focus on price stability and promote growth and full employment. Macroprudential policy instruments fall into two categories, depending on their purpose, namely, to prevent procyclicality or to enhance the resilience and soundness of the financial system against shocks. The first category of instruments is used to stop bubbles from forming and smooth cycles, i.e. to force the debt-equity of economic operators on an income basis to prevent unsustainable credit bubbles, or to require dynamic loss provisioning rules. The second category of macro-prudential policy is to improve the resilience to shocks, such as capital surcharges for systemic institutions or the requirement to hold liquid assets to cope with market panics, and to make the financial system less complex. Keywords: macroprudential policy, financial stability, tools and measures, systemic risks.

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