Ethno-religious communities and gender divisions in Bangladesh: Women as boundary markers

Intersexions ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Author(s):  
Santi Rozario
Keyword(s):  
Religious Communities ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender

The Contradictions and Intersections of Class and Gender in a Global City: Placing Working Women's Lives on the Research Agenda

10.1068/a3781 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda McDowell ◽  
Diane Perrons ◽  
Colette Fagan ◽  
Kath Ray ◽  
Kevin Ward
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Global City ◽  
High Status ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
New Research

In this paper we examine the relationships between class and gender in the context of current debates about economic change in Greater London. It is a common contention of the global city thesis that new patterns of inequality and class polarisation are apparent as the expansion of high-status employment brings in its wake rising employment in low-status, poorly paid ‘servicing’ occupations. Whereas urban theorists tend to ignore gender divisions, feminist scholars have argued that new class and income inequalities are opening up between women as growing numbers of highly credentialised women enter full-time, permanent employment and others are restricted to casualised, low-paid work. However, it is also argued that working women's interests coincide because of their continued responsibility for domestic obligations and still-evident gender discrimination in the labour market. In this paper we counterpose these debates, assessing the consequences for income inequality, for patterns of childcare and for work–life balance policies of rising rates of labour-market participation among women in Greater London. We conclude by outlining a new research agenda.

scholarly journals Conditioning Family-life at the Intersection of Migration and Welfare: The Implications for ‘Brexit Families’

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAJELLA KILKEY
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
The Family ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

AbstractEuropean Freedom of Movement (EFM) was central to the referendum on the UK's membership of the EU. Under a ‘hard’ Brexit scenario, it is expected that EFM between the UK and the EU will cease, raising uncertainties about the rights of existing EU citizens in the UK and those of any future EU migrants. This article is concerned with the prospects for family rights linked to EFM which, I argue, impinge on a range of families – so-called ‘Brexit families’ (Kofman, 2017) – beyond those who are EU-national families living in the UK. The article draws on policy analysis of developments in the conditionality attached to the family rights of non-EU migrants, EU migrants and UK citizens at the intersection of migration and welfare systems since 2010, to identify the potential trajectory of rights post-Brexit. While the findings highlight stratification in family rights between and within those three groups, the pattern is one in which class and gender divisions are prominent and have become more so over time as a result of the particular types of conditionality introduced. I conclude by arguing that, with the cessation of EFM, those axes will also be central in the re-ordering of the rights of ‘Brexit families’.

scholarly journals Mutual conditioning of gender and love: Towards a non-gendered idea of humanity

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Slater
Keyword(s):  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Philosophical Debate ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cultural Freedom ◽  
Cultural Constructions

It is a presumed opinion that gender and love mutually condition each other and that this presumption ought to be embraced by cultural norms, religion, human rights and the ethic of freedom. The notion of mutual conditioning presupposes a healthy and principled environment that facilitates the free dynamic interaction between gender and love. It is the purpose of this article to explore the outcomes of the gender revolution and the additional strands of complexities that it contributed to the human condition. Although feminism has created terminologies such as sex and gender, it is believed that these words have outlived their usefulness to make way for the present-day evolution towards a non-gendered idea of humanity. Gender diversity seeks mutuality, and true love accommodates multiplicity; hence, the interacting and intra-acting of gender and love inevitably come face-to-face with cultural, legal, social, religious and moral milieus that hamper or even contradict the concept of mutual conditioning. This article seeks to trace the evolution of gender within diverse cultural constructions created by new liberal living conditions, but which have not yet infiltrated the diverse cultural domains where gender remains an entity without cultural freedom and therefore undermines the process of mutual conditioning of gender and love. The idea of gender as transcending bodily sex forms part of an old theological and philosophical debate; it, however, resurfaces here while revisiting Aristotle’s idea of a non-gendered society or humanity. A degendered society implies a society that is free from dependence on gender, whereas a non-gendered humanity transcends gender divisions and associations, with its aspirations linked to the transcendence or consciousness of human nature. Love, in this sense, transcends all human dissections, and this article ascertains its capacity to mutually condition the diversity of gender and love.

Nonstandard, Mismatched, and Precarious Work

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Economic Strain ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Hiring Process ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

This chapter considers what nonstandard, mismatched, and precarious employment can entail and details the changing nature of the broader economy. There is a growing emphasis on the institutional arrangements and changes that have resulted in economic strain and anxiety for many workers in the United States. The chapter delves into the ways that these nonstandard, mismatched, and precarious employment experiences are evaluated by employers during the hiring process. It also provides basic definitions and background information about these types of employment experiences and how they overlap with race and gender divisions in the labor market. Finally, the chapter examines the existing scholarship on changes over time in these positions and how they impact the lives of workers, their families, and the organizations where they labor.

Living arrangements and marital status: a register-based study of survival of older adults in Belgium at the beginning of the 21st century

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2141-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE HERM ◽  
JON ANSON ◽  
MICHEL POULAIN
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACTBeing married reduces the mortality risk of older persons. More generally, living arrangements that include co-residence with a source of support and a close care-giver are associated with a lower mortality risk. We build a detailed typology of private and collective living arrangements, including marital status, and check its association with mortality risks, controlling for health status. Using administrative data from the population register, we identify the living arrangement of all individuals aged 65 years and over living in Belgium as at 1 January 2002, and their survival during the year 2002. Data on health status are extracted from the 2001 census. We use binary logistic regression with the probability to die as outcome and living arrangement, health, age and gender as covariates. Our results show that mortality is more closely associated with actual living arrangements than with marital status. This association is age and gender-specific and remains even at very old ages. Living with a spouse is confirmed to be beneficial for survival but in older age living alone becomes more favourable. Of all living arrangements, older persons living in religious communities experience the lowest mortality risk whereas those living in nursing homes experience the highest risk.

Migration, Employment and Gender Divisions of Labour

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda McDowell ◽  
Adina Batnitzky ◽  
Sarah Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender

The Progressive Era

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brian Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Progressive Era ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
State Governments ◽  
State Action ◽  
New Public ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender

During the Progressive Era (from the 1890s and to the 1920s), American social reformers invented ways to overcome Constitutional constraints on national action, the limited abilities of state governments, the separation of government powers, and patronage-based political parties. These reformers built new public agencies and reform networks, used grants-in-aid to engage state action, pressed for uniform laws across the states, and urged a leadership role for elected executives. But Constitutional restrictions (as exemplified by the failed campaign against child labor) and trade unions’ refusal to support some reforms (such as health and unemployment insurance) sank important social-policy campaigns. Progressive reformers were most successful in securing maternalist social policy that limited women’s work hours and those of widows with children. The Progressive Era left a legacy of strikingly uneven social provision and stark racial and gender divisions.

The Impact of Homeownership and Capital Gains upon Class and Consumption Sectors

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Thorns
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Household Type ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Wealth Generation ◽  
The Impact

The debate about the impact of homeownership and capital gains upon class and consumption-sector formation is reviewed, from the work of Rex and Moore in 1967 to that of Saunders and Harris in 1988. A theme noted is that homeownership is seen as a base for class membership in the earlier work but by the most recent work this has shifted to a base for the formation of consumption sectors. Much of the debate has been centred upon the English case and the rise in homeownership over the postwar years. A wider comparative perspective is required for further elaboration within this debate. The main critique attempted within this paper is one developed around the empirical debate regarding returns to homeowners and whether these result in a redistribution or a concentration of wealth, and consequently whether homeownership serves to create a base for political and social action or whether it contributes to the present fragmenting tendencies within capitalist societies. Evidence is reviewed from Britain and New Zealand on the questions of whether real gains are made through property ownership and the author assesses the extent of variability created by such factors as the time period when the property was acquired, regional variations, the links between the property and the labour markets, household structures, and gender divisions within wealth generation and dispersal. It is concluded that homeownership constitutes a base for real accumulation but the rate and extent of this process is not an even one. The ability to gain wealth varies considerably by time, location, level of individual and family income, employment level, and household type. Consequently, the wealth generated through homeownership is a factor fragmenting rather than uniting social groups and, therefore, is unlikely in itself to be a basis of political mobilisation.

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