Women Workers in the Global Economy: A Feminist Critique of the Core Labour Standards

2017 ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Juanita Elias ◽  
Hayley Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Feminist Critique ◽  
The Core ◽  
Labour Standards

Spatial Convergence in Height in Central Europe, 1890-1910

2009 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Marek Brabec ◽  
John Komlos
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
The Core ◽  
Military Recruits ◽  
Convergence Clubs ◽  
Spatial Convergence ◽  
Physical Stature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Peripheral Areas

We examine spatial convergence in biological well-being in the Habsburg Monarchy, circa 1890-1910, on the basis of evidence of the physical stature of 21-year-old military recruits, disaggregated into 15 Districts. We find that the shorter the population in 1890, the faster its height grew thereafter. Hence, there was convergence in physical stature between the peripheral areas of the monarchy (located in today’s Poland/Ukraine, Romania, and Slovakia) and its core (located in today’s Austria, Czech Republic, and Hungary). The difference in trends between the trend in height in the Polish District of Przemysl and in Vienna was about 0.9 cm per decade, in favor of the former. Convergence among the core Districts themselves was minimal or non-existent, whereas the convergence among the peripheral Districts was more pronounced. Spatial convergence also took place between the peripheral regions and the more developed ones. The pattern is somewhat reminiscent of modern findings on convergence clubs in the global economy.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Standards

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Private Regulation ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Political Economic

This chapter charts the contribution of economic geography to the field of research concerned with corporate social responsibility (CSR) and standards. Following explanation of the historical and political–economic context of CSR and the rise of codes and standards as tools in the private regulation of the global economy, it places the critical spotlight on studies of ethical and labour standards in global supply chains. Within this area, the different critical insights into CSR and standards offered by the global value chains and global production networks frameworks, as well as postcolonial critique, theories of governmentality, and sociologies of standards and marketization, are summarized and debated. Finally, the chapter discusses some of the recent economic, geographical, and regulatory challenges to the ways in which CSR and standards are operating and transforming in practice, from the global economic downturn to the influence of ‘rising powers’ and emerging economies.

Flying Solo: Globalization, Neoliberal Individualism, and the Contested Celebrity of Li Na

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haozhou Pu ◽  
Joshua I. Newman ◽  
Michael D. Giardina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Tennis Player ◽  
Chinese Media ◽  
Communist State ◽  
The Core ◽  
Social Transitions ◽  
Professional Tennis ◽  
Celebrity Politics

In this article, we examine the local–global celebrity politics of former Chinese professional tennis player Li Na. We locate Li Na as representative of a growing class of Chinese celebrities who display both extraordinary popularity and enormous marketability. At the same time, Li Na’s noted “rebelliousness”—most especially her “fiery” personality and overt public repudiation of the Chinese communist state—has made her a deeply politicized if not polarizing figure. In this study, we position Li Na as a symbolic body characterized by professionalism, individualism, and commercialism within Chinese media. Further, we investigate the representation, mediation, and consumption of her unique celebrity identity and the cultural politics of the danfei (the “fly solo”) policy in resonance to the decentralization of state power in China. We conclude by suggesting that Li Na’s rebelliousness symbolizes the core values of a growing consensus for neoliberalism in China; that is, it is her rejection of being Chinese (state) that reestablishes herself as Chinese (autonomous), which signifies fundamental social transitions in China intertwined with the embracement of the global economy and a reimagination of the nation.

Gender, Industrialization, and Industrial Hubs

2020 ◽  
pp. 400-424
Author(s):  
Fiona Tregenna ◽  
Özge İzdeş
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Labour Standards ◽  
Gendered Patterns ◽  
Experiences Of Women

Industrial hubs are a key component of open-economy industrialization and have the potential to influence gendered patterns in industrial development as well as contributing to structural transformation. In most countries, the majority of the workforce in hubs is female—employment is highly feminized. An extensive literature documents the experiences of women workers in hubs, drawing attention to low wages and poor working conditions in export processing zones (EPZs) in particular. This chapter considers the effects of hubs on women and on gender equality. We propose a conceptual framework for analysing these effects, both direct/static and indirect/dynamic, through the channels of employment, wages, working conditions, rights and benefits, empowerment, and social effects. The negative experiences of women workers in many hubs derive in part from the typical concentration of women’s employment in low-wage, low-skill, low value-added hubs, rather than in forward-looking hubs that build on dynamic comparative advantage with decent labour standards.

scholarly journals Trade and Volatility at the Core and Periphery of the Global Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Gray ◽  
Philip B.K. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
The Core

The Indian Industrial Relations System: Struggling to Address the Dynamics of a Globalizing Economy

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hill
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Important Challenge

The industrial relations system in India has been under pressure for decades and new problems are emerging as the country becomes more integrated into the global economy. The main architecture of the system was established prior to Independence and remains mostly unchanged. The system is highly centralized and the state is the main mediator between capital and labour. Unions have historically enjoyed a close relationship with the state through party-based federations, but this has undermined their success developing a robust grassroots constituency and experience in collective bargaining. This essay provides a broad overview of the evolution of the Indian system of industrial relations and the labour market reform debate that has arisen in the context of economic change. The structure of the Indian labour market, the overwhelming size of the informal or `unorganized' workforce, and its location outside the industrial system is the fundamental challenge facing Indian industrial relations. There is an urgent need to develop a system that embraces all workers especially given India's demographic profile and the expected increase in the number of working age people over the next decade. The experience of women workers and the failure of both the industrial system and the union movement to understand and accommodate their needs is also an important challenge for industrial relations in India.

Toward a political economy of complex interdependence

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Oatley
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
The Core ◽  
Complex Interdependence ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Complexity Theories ◽  
Oriented Approach

How should we theorize about international political economy in an era of complex interdependence? The global economy is much more interdependent today than it was 40 years ago. As a result, there is a widening appreciation that we need new theoretical tools to understand how complex interdependence arose, how it operates, and where it might be headed. I argue that to develop such tools, we must embrace new theoretical logics that more readily accommodate and explain change. I develop this point by drawing on complexity theories, ecology, and information theory. I first develop the core elements of a complexity-based approach and contrast it to the central assumptions of the Open Economy Politics approach. I then illustrate this complexity-oriented approach by using the logic of coevolution and the information–entropy cycle to explain key elements in the development of the 2008 global financial crisis.

scholarly journals Global Sourcing Strategies: A Framework for Lean, Agile, and Leagile

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7199
Author(s):  
Waleed Rashad ◽  
Zlatko Nedelko
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Global Sourcing ◽  
The Core ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
The Impact

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for utilization of lean, agile, and leagile strategies in the supply chains, where the core idea of the framework is to improve the global sourcing practices. Based on in-depth interviews with supply chain professionals and grounded theory approach, we constructed a framework of global sourcing improvement to support better utilization of lean, agile, and leagile strategies, which we believe can help the supply chains worldwide to act better, especially in various difficult conditions and sustain their business accordingly. Our proposed framework also contributes to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, since the core concept of the framework is to establish a new organization under the umbrella of the UN to improve the global sourcing and consequently the usage of supply chain strategies accordingly. The applicative part of the paper reveals characteristics of new developed framework, ranging from its purpose and aims, structure, key processes, functions, and its financing. Along with validation of the framework are presented benefits for society, industry, and global economy. Additionally, the paper also reviews the impact of the current health and economic crisis caused by COVID 19, on usage of the three supply chain strategies namely; lean, agility, and leagility to see how they can work in the difficult time, as COVID 19.

African Development Expectations and Challenges at the G20 Summit in Argentina in 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Patel
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Key Policy

The article unpacks key policy and development issues and priorities with regards to Africa’s development at the G20 Summit held in Buenos Aires, Argentina in November 2018. The core themes are industrial development challenges and opportunities for African economies as they integrate in the global economy, tracing structural issues such as commodity cycles, infrastructure and policy requirements for sustainable economic development in the fourth industrial revolution era. It unpacks the education and skills development requirements for Africa to effectively—and equitably—participate in the global knowledge economy. The study then details African industrialisation pathways and options from various academic perspectives in an increasingly competitive world

Integrating Web 2.0 Technologies within the Enterprise

2010 ◽  
pp. 560-577
Author(s):  
R. Todd Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Core ◽  
Collaborative Applications ◽  
Current Product ◽  
The One

This chapter examines the elements of the new Web 2.0 technology base and reviews the lessons learned when implementing these technologies. Collaborative applications have made enormous inroads into the enterprise and bring unprecedented speed and transparency to communications. Researchers and practitioners alike are focusing on how collaborative applications can replace the one-way communications inherent to Intranet sites. This chapter is intended for individuals who are looking toward the possibility of integrating these new technologies into the core communication medium. Unfortunately, there are still large barriers such as politics, turf battles, integration, and poor usability with the current product set. A company’s ability to manage information effectively over its life cycle, including sensing, collecting, organizing, processing, and maintaining information, is crucial to the long term success in a global economy. The success or failure of this integration may very well create or lose a competitive advantage for the enterprise. What is missing is a framework or roadmap in which organizations can plan out their execution of We 2.0 deployment.

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