Theoretical Background and Empirical Evidence

2017 ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Vinod Sutaria
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Background

scholarly journals Technologies, Discourse Analysis, and the Spoken Word: The MRC Approach: An Empirical Approach to Interpreter Performance Evaluation and Pedagogy

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Lindquist
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract Given the evanescent quality of the spoken word, interpreters tend to be evaluated, trained, and selected on the basis of unproven theories and preconceptions about the cognitive processes and areas of difficulty associated with their work. A gap persists between theoretical work and empirical evidence of the processes proposed by such studies. Recent developments in technology are now being applied to interpreter performance evaluation, shedding light on aspects of interpreter performance that have previously resisted systematic analysis. It is now possible to examine large volumes of language in use, in both audio and textual realms. This paper presents the MRC model for analysis of interpreter performance and a study conducted using that method for the purpose of identifying interpreter training needs. Theoretical background, the MRC model, and the study outcomes and pedagogical implications are presented.

scholarly journals Economic cycle synchronization in the context of financial crisis: empirical evidence of Denmark, Sweden and United Kingdom

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Svatopluk Kapounek ◽  
Jan Sečkař
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Economic Cycles

The paper focuses on the economic cycle synchronization of the euro area outsiders: Denmark, Sweden and United Kingdom. The authors discussed openness of the selected economies, their structural similarities and economic cycle synchronization in the years 2000–2011. They applied moving correlation and correlation between the selected countries and the euro area. They found significant synchronization of the economic cycles after the year 2005. Furthermore, economic cycles of the analyzed countries were exceptionally synchronized than the euro area average level.Our contribution is in comparison of the economic cycle synchronization in the selected countries with the euro area average. The authors assume that changes in order provide important information about the synchronization, unbiased by the consequences of the financial crisis in the year 2007.A theoretical background for the final discussions provided new version of the OCA theory focused on the costs associated with the loss of the monetary policy autonomy. The authors concluded that selected countries were not protected against the global macroeconomic shock after the year 2007, although they keep the autonomous monetary policy.

scholarly journals Corporate governance and innovation: a theoretical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Asensio-López ◽  
Laura Cabeza-García ◽  
Nuria González-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
The Board Of Directors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the literature on two lines of research, corporate governance and innovation, explaining how different internal corporate governance mechanisms may be determinants of business innovation. Design/methodology/approach It explores the theoretical background and the empirical evidence regarding the influence of both ownership structure and the board of directors on company innovation. Then, conclusions are drawn and possible future research lines are presented. Findings No consensus was observed regarding the relation between corporate governance and innovation, with both positive and negative arguments being found, and with empirical evidence not always pointing in the same direction. Thus, new studies trying to clarify this relationship are needed. Originality/value Over recent years, interest has grown in the influence of governance mechanisms on innovation decisions taken by the management. Innovation efforts and results depend on factors that are influenced by corporate governance, such as ownership structure or the functioning of the board of directors. Thus, the paper shows an updated state of the art in this field proposing future lines for empirical research.

scholarly journals Capital Regulation and Risk-taking Behavior: Empirical Evidence for Islamic Banks

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Yomna Daoud ◽  
Aida Kammoun
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Capital Regulation ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates whether regulatory pressures have an impact on the relationship between change in capital and bank risk-taking. On the basis of a well developed theoretical background, capital regulation constitutes the core of prudential regulation within the banking sector. Several researches have investigated this relationship between capital and risk in conventional banks, and this subject has gained in interest since the last financial crisis. This study is one of the few studies that have attempted to provide empirical evidence on this issue for Islamic banks. We use data of Islamic banking sectors over the period 2010–2014. The results reveal that Islamic banks tend to behave differently at each level of capital adequacy. In addition, we provide some evidence that change in capital is positively related to the change in risk for highly capitalized Islamic banks.

Nonverbal Detection of Deception

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldert Vrij
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Nonverbal Cues ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Nonverbal Behaviors ◽  
Detection Of Deception ◽  
Cues To Deception ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Speech Content

Throughout history it has been assumed that lying is accompanied by specific nonverbal behaviors; various sources still claim that nonverbal behavior is very revealing about deception. Systematic research, however, examining nonverbal cues to deceit has shown that nonverbal cues to deceit are faint and unreliable. This chapter starts with discussing under which circumstances people pay attention to nonverbal behavior and provides reasons why they do so. This is followed by a theoretical background of nonverbal cues to deception and discussions of the (weak) empirical evidence about (1) the relationship between nonverbal cues and deception, including the empirical evidence regarding the Behavior Analysis Interview and Ekman’s approach of observing facial expressions, and (2) people’s (poor) ability to detect deceit when paying attention to nonverbal behavior. Despite the popularity of observing nonverbal behavior to detect deception, analyzing speech content provides more accurate results, particularly when specific interview protocols are used.

Empirical Evidence of Resistance to the Implementation of Electronic Prescription in Brazil

2010 ◽  
pp. 378-391
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio Joia ◽  
Carlos Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Electronic Prescription ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Relationship Of

This research investigates the main causes for the unsuccessful implementation of an electronic prescription system in a general hospital – from an explanatory-exploratory case study standpoint – adopting resistance to information systems as its theoretical background. In the case under analysis, the study shows that the main motives for resistance to the system were: lack of training of the physicians; the age of the physicians; problems with the design and safety of the system; inadequate technological infrastructure; the employment relationship of the physicians; and the interference of the system with the power and autonomy of the physicians. The chapter concludes that the intra-organizational context of the hospitals must be analyzed in a systemic way in order to understand fully how the system will be accepted and used by its main potential users, namely physicians.

scholarly journals BEHAVIORAL FINANCE: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (31) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
I. Lyutyy ◽  
M. Knir ◽  
N. Plieshakova ◽  
O. Plieshakova
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Theoretical Background
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