Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM 2000) asserts that mathematics is an essential part of the early childhood curriculum. The Standards encourage early childhood educators to nurture children's intuitive understandings of mathematical concepts by taking advantage of learning opportunities that naturally occur during everyday activities. In the context of these meaningful activities, learning can be increased by giving children the formal language with which to describe their informal learning (Clements and Sarama 2000), and young children's natural enthusiasm for mathematics can be nourished (Copley 2000). In particular, understanding of the concepts of number, geometry, and pattern is identified as essential in children's early years. Teachers also are encouraged to emphasize the processes involved in learning and doing mathematics, including problem solving, reasoning, communicating, connecting, and representing.