Links Between Education and the Labour Market: Narrowing the Mismatch Between Demand and Supply

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-160
Author(s):  
Haroon Bhorat
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Demand And Supply

FORECASTING THE LABOUR FORCE DEMAND AND SUPPLY IN LATVIA / LATVIJOS DARBO JĖGOS PAKLAUSOS IR PASIŪLOS MODELIAVIMAS

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dubra ◽  
Māra Gulbe
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Complex Approach

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the problems of Latvian labour market and its possible development. An econometric model for labour force demand and supply forecasting is elaborated and it comprises 120 professions, 37 aggregated groups of professions and covers time period 2007–2030. The results of the quantitative and qualitative Employers’ Survey are analysed and taken into account. The novelty of this research study lies in the complex approach to the labour force demand and supply analyses and to the forecasts to the Latvian economy in general and for its 15 separate sectors. Santrauka Šio straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti Latvijos darbo rinkos problemas ir galimus pokyčius. Sudarytas darbo jėgos paklausos ir pasiūlos prognozavimo ekonometrinis modelis, kuris susideda iš 120 profesijų ir 37 jų grupių. Modelis apima laiko periodą nuo 2007 iki 2030 metų. Atliktas kiekybinis ir kokybinis darbdavių tyrimas, o jo rezultatai naudojami skaičiuojant. Šio tyrimo naujumas yra tas, kad darbo jėgos paklausa ir pasiūla nagrinėjama kompleksiškai, skaičiavimai teikia prognozes Latvijos ekonomikai bendrai ir atskiriems 15 sektorių.

scholarly journals El mercado de trabajo femenino en las empresas de economía social de Andalucía (España): un análisis econométrico del perfil de la mujer trabajadora

2008 ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
María Genoveva Millán Vázquez de la Torre ◽  
Amparo Melián Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Notable Increase

En los últimos años se ha producido un incremento notable del número de mujeres que acceden al mercado de trabajo en España. Se observan, no obstante, diferencias significativas por comunidades autónomas, siendo Andalucía una de las menos favorecidas. En este estudio se analiza, el mercado de trabajo femenino en las empresas de Economía Social de la comunidad autónoma Andaluza, por ser ésta la que agrupa más del 25% de empresas de Economía Social a nivel nacional. Se trata con ello de conocer cómo está evolucionando el mercado laboral femenino andaluz con la finalidad de determinar cuáles son los factores más determinantes que influyen en la demanda y en la oferta de empleo femenino de acuerdo con esta tipología de empresas (cooperativas y sociedades laborales) utilizando, para realizar dicha investigación, un modelo econométrico para definir el perfil de la mujer andaluza trabajadora.<br /><br />In recent years there has been a notable increase in the number of women entering the labour market in Spain. There are, however, significant differences in autonomous regions, Andalusia being one of the least favoured. This study examines the female labour market in companies of Social Economy of Andalusia, since this where over 25% of these Spanish companies are located. The job market for women is studied with the aim of identifying the most determinant factors influencing demand and supply of female employment in this type of business (industrial cooperatives and similar). Econometric models are employed to define the profile of working women in the South of Spain

scholarly journals Better understanding of the labour market using Big Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-692
Author(s):  
Alena Vankevich ◽  
Iryna Kalinouskaya
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
New Information ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making

Motivation: As the result of digitalisation of the economy, the number of Internet users is increasing, which leads to an increase in the number of vacancies posted on online platforms and services. The description of vacancies includes information about skills and competencies, which is the source of additional data for the labour market analysis. This information cannot be received through the analysis of statistical and administrative data. Therefore, it is important: — to learn how to evaluate new information sources, and use the data they generate; — to develop tools that people and organizations will use for finding an employee or a vacant post. The study focuses on the analysis and forecast of labour demand in the context of skills and competencies, which significantly enriches and adds to the information about the labour market and facilitates effective decision-making. Aim: The main goals of this article are the following: (1) identification of the methodological approaches in the labour market analyses using Big Data; (2) assessment of the labour demand and labour supply in the context of skills and competencies listed in the vacancy description posted on job portals; and (3) determination of the matches (mismatches) between skills and competencies in order to help the companies and individuals get better employment and education. Empirical data used in the research were collected from the description of job vacancies (16 401 vacancies) and CVs (227 215 CVs) from the most popular open job portals in Belarus through the scraping approach and classified according to the ESCO and ISCO codes. Quantitative analysis by the means of artificial intelligence was used in the research. Results: The study results revealed that the information about the volume and structure of skills and competencies obtained by scraping data from vacancy descriptions and Cvs, which are posted on online portals, allows for more precise diagnostics of labour demand and supply and overcoming of bilateral information asymmetry in the labour market. Based on the analysis, the parameters of scarcity and excess in competencies for individual occupations in the labour market are determined (the level of the correlation ratio between applicants’ competencies and those requested by employers in the context of occupations (four digits according to the ISCO classification) is less 0.8; the deviation of the ranks of competencies listed in CVs and vacancy descriptions according to the ESCO groups of skills/competencies and a sign of revealed deviations). The methodology is developed to set areas for necessary knowledge acquisition (by the analysis of competencies listed in CVs and vacancy descriptions at the 3rd and 4th digit level of ISCED classification) and skills (by the analysis of competencies at the 2nd digit level in ESCO groups). The paper illustrates limitations in using Big Data as an empirical database and explains the measures to eliminate those limitations.

scholarly journals The Labour Market of Chinese Cruise Seafarers: Demand, Opportunities and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. Manuscript ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Helong Tong
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Chinese Seafarers ◽  
Depth Interviews

The rapid development of the Chinese cruise market has brought with it an urgent increase in demand for Chinese cruise seafarers. This brings great opportunities and challenges to the Chinese seafarer labour market. This research aims to contribute to this relatively understudied area by calculating the demand for Chinese cruise seafarer, and understanding the Chinese seafarers' labour market from the aspects of training, recruitment and their work experience on ships. In order to achieve this objective, a demand model is constructed through the idea of market-driven, in-depth interviews using a detailed questionnaire. The study estimates that the total demand for Chinese cruise seafarers in 2020 will be 29,200 and 100,000 in 2030. This reveals a predicted gap between demand and supply of 19,200 in 2020. The current source of seafarers is mainly from domestic shipping companies, hotels and related institutions. Their entry age is relatively young, current job profiles are mostly those in the capacity of assistants and the average wage is $1217. Thus, there is a lot of room for improvement with their increasing experience. The study has found that most seafarers on board are satisfied with the work on cruise ships and are more concerned about their career development rather than salary. English communication skills and practical skills are two important aspects of crew training. China's cruise ship labour market thus represents both, a high aggregate demand as well as the lack of high-end experienced talent. Labour market policies and systems in China remain to be improved.

scholarly journals Employment in the Nigerian Agricultural Labour Market: Barriers and Forecast

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN CHIWUZULUM ODOZI ◽  
IKHIMALO ODUFA PATIENCE ◽  
JOHN AWAEBE ◽  
MARIAN AGBUGUI
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
Employment Share

Although the Agricultural sector is an important source of employment in Nigeria, it has been experiencing a rapid decline in employment share since 2001. While economic theory predicts such a decline, the challenge of high unemployment rate in rural areas and the low capacity utilization in manufacturing raise further concerns among academics and policy makers. Namely, the pressing challenge of how to commercialize and raise the productivity of agriculture to boost employment uptake. Against this background, the study reviewed the demand and supply side barriers in the agricultural labour market. Also forecasted employment as well as suggested policies for a more efficient agricultural labour market.

How Effective Was the Romanian Labour Market After 2008?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Nela Steliac
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
National Level ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Beveridge Curve ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Demand And Supply

The efficient operation of the labour market is a matter of high stake for every state, considering that it reflects the balance between supply and demand. The extent to which such balance is achieved is highlighted by the Beveridge curve. This paper examines the efficient operation of the Romanian labour market, as measured by the relevant indicators of labour demand and supply. In order to capture the evolution of these indicators across the three target sub-periods (the crisis, the rebound and the resumption of an upward trend), the timeline subject to survey was 2008Q2-2016Q3. The survey conducted for this purpose revealed fluctuations in the number and rate of job vacancies, respectively in the unemployment rate. However, in the last part of the surveyed period, the trend of such indicators was downward for the unemployment rate and upward for the number and rate of job vacancies. Even so, these indicators failed to match the levels recorded before the outbreak of the economic crisis. Due to such evolutions, the Beveridge curve presented shifts of direction specific to the three sub-periods. Throughout the last part of the surveyed period, the curve seemed to recover slightly towards the top-left direction at national level. However, regionally, the evolutions of labour supply and demand varied, and the Beveridge curves varied accordingly. Surprisingly, it was not Bucharest-Ilfov, considered the best economically developed area in Romania, which reported the best correlation between labour supply and demand, but the Central region.

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