Sampling Design and Data Collection in Biodiversity Monitoring

Comprehensive sampling design including determination of the distribution, number of observations and specification of desired levels of precision is typically ignored in time studies of yarding operations. A computer-based data collection, processing, and analysis system was developed for time studies that permits improved sampling design. Data collection programs were written for continuous timing of yarding operations and downloaded on to hand-held computers equipped with real-time clocks. After each shift of observation, the time study data are uploaded to a portable microcomputer. The data are then processed through a series of programs that provide error checking, cataloging, and formatting in preparation for analysis. Data from three cable yarding operations were used in a study to assess the potential for sequential design and to determine precision levels obtainable from short-duration time studies. Confidence intervals were computed cumulatively and used to assess whether additional observation of a specific machine on a particular site was justified. The data collection, processing, and real-time analysis system shows promise as a technique for improving sampling design of time studies for timber harvesting operations through sequential analysis of the data.

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Where to Start: An Evaluation of Primary Data-Collection Modes in an Address-Based Sampling Design

Public Opinion Quarterly ◽

10.1093/poq/nfv012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 420-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Amaya ◽

F. Leclere ◽

K. Carris ◽

Y. Liao

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Sampling Design ◽

Primary Data

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A Comparative Study in Progressive Aspect of Verbal Affixes of Dangha Tharu Dialect with Nepali and English Languages

Journal of Advanced Academic Research ◽

10.3126/jaar.v6i1.35335 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 58-64

Author(s):

Ram Bahadur Chaudhary ◽

Laxmi Bahadur Maharjan

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Sampling Design ◽

National Language ◽

Primary Data ◽

Future Tense ◽

Progressive Aspect ◽

The Status ◽

Aspect Marker ◽

Similarities And Differences

Dangha is one of the dialects of Tharu language. The alternate names of Dangha language are Dangaura, Dangali, Dangauli, Dangora and Dangura. The population of Dangaura language was 500000 in Nepal in 2003. And the number is increasing. Dangaura language is located in Raptizone-Dang, Bheri-Bardiya, Banke and Surkhet districts, Seti zone- Kailali district, Mahakali zone Kanchanpur district, Lumbini zone- Rupandehi and Kapilvastu districts. The status of the variety isthat it is a recognized indigenous national language in Nepal. That is why it is important to study on the verbal affixes of it. The objective of this study is to find out the similarities and differences of verbal affixes of Dangha with Nepali and English languages. The study has applied qualitative method. Questionnaire and interview were used for primary data collection. The researcher used non random and purposive sampling design to select the samples from the population. He used Eugene A. Nida's six principles for verb analysis. -a, -i and -ti suffixes are used to mark progressive aspect in Dangha dialect. -a and -i suffixes are used to mark point in time whereas -ti suffix is used to mark period of time. In the same way, suffix -ti is used to mark period of time and point in time in future tense. In Nepali language -tai/dai oreko/eki/eka suffixes are used to indicate progressive aspect while English using suffix to show progressive aspect. Tharu and English have separate progressive aspect marker for point in time or period of time but Nepali progressive marker can be used for both times simultaneously.

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Novel Technologies and Their Application for Protected Area Management: A Supporting Approach in Biodiversity Monitoring

10.5772/intechopen.99889 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel T. Dalton ◽

Kathrin Pascher ◽

Vanessa Berger ◽

Klaus Steinbauer ◽

Michael Jungmeier

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Protected Area ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

New Technologies ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Test Site ◽

Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽

Biodiversity Monitoring ◽

Novel Technologies ◽

Monitoring Tools

State-of-the-art tools are revolutionizing protected area (PA) manager approaches to biodiversity monitoring. Effective strategies are available for test site establishment, data collection, archiving, analysis, and presentation. In PAs, use of new technologies will support a shift from primarily expert-based to automated monitoring procedures, allowing increasingly efficient data collection and facilitating adherence to conservation requirements. Selection and application of appropriate tools increasingly improve options for adaptive management. In this chapter, modern biodiversity monitoring techniques are introduced and discussed in relation to previous standard approaches for their applicability in diverse habitats and for different groups of organisms. A review of some of today’s most exciting technologies is presented, including environmental DNA analysis for species identification; automated optical, olfactory, and auditory devices; remote sensing applications relaying site conditions in real-time; and uses of unmanned aerial systems technology for observation and mapping. An overview is given in the context of applicability of monitoring tools in different ecosystems, providing a theoretical basis from conceptualization to implementation of novel tools in a monitoring program. Practical examples from real-world PAs are provided.

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Survey Data Collection Methods and Discrepancy in the Sociological Study of Religious Congregations

Sociology of Religion ◽

10.1093/socrel/sraa002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 371-412

Author(s):

Gary J Adler ◽

Brad R Fulton ◽

Catherine Hoegeman

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Sampling Design ◽

The United States ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Religious Congregations ◽

Sociological Study ◽

Data Collection Methods ◽

Survey Estimates ◽

Congregational Size ◽

Collection Methods

Abstract Surveys of religious congregations are a mainstay of sociological research on organized religion in the United States. How accurate, reliable, and comparable are the data generated from the disparate methods used by researchers? We analyze four congregational surveys to show how two components of data collection—sampling design and survey response rate—may contribute to differences in population estimates between the surveys. Results show that in three populations of congregations (all religious traditions, Catholic parishes, and Hispanic Catholic parishes), estimates of key congregational measures, such as head clergy characteristics, congregational size, and Hispanic composition, are susceptible to differences in data collection methods. While differences in sampling design contribute to some of the variation in variable estimates, our unique analysis of survey metadata shows the importance of high response rates for producing accurate estimates for many variables. We conclude with suggestions for improving congregational data collection methods and efforts to compare survey estimates.

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Fire-Retarding Ceiling Panel from Recycled Paper Waste

Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 9 - September - International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ◽

10.38124/ijisrt20jun895 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1372-1379

Author(s):

Frederick Ampah Clement ◽

Kafui Kwesi Agyeman ◽

Harold Awuley Quaye ◽

Eugene Padditey

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Product Design ◽

Sampling Design ◽

Target Population ◽

Primary Sources ◽

Recycled Paper ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Paper Waste ◽

Kwame Nkrumah ◽

Printing Presses

The aim of this paper is the creation of a fireretarding ceiling panel from recycled paper waste. To achieve this, the researchers employed the experimental and descriptive methods of research accompanied by one of the principles underpinning the emotional construction or psychology-based design approach to product design which is liking (similarity and physical appearance). The target population for the study was printing presses and paper waste in Ghana. Printing presses at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) and paper waste from these printing presses were the accessible population. Purposive sampling design was employed with interview and observation being the data collection instruments. Primary sources of data were interviewees, some books and some Internet sources. Secondary sources were mainly books and some Internet sources. The major findings of the study include: low level use of paper waste in Ghana for productive purposes, papier-mâché methods, fire-retarding strategies for papier-mâchébased products, and strategies for removing cast papier-mâché ceiling panels from their moulds. The conclusions established that paper waste is a potential material for the production of suitable ceiling panels, that papier-mâché as a method is a means by which paper waste can be recycled for the production of ceiling panels and that fire retarding properties are achievable with mashed paper-based products.

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Electron Diffraction of Wet Biological Membranes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100050809 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 158-159

Author(s):

S.W. Hui ◽

D.F. Parsons

Keyword(s):

Electron Diffraction ◽

Data Collection ◽

Biological Membranes ◽

Small Areas ◽

Electron Diffraction Technique ◽

Electron Microscopes ◽

Collection Time ◽

Camera Length

The development of the hydration stages for electron microscopes has opened up the application of electron diffraction in the study of biological membranes. Membrane specimen can now be observed without the artifacts introduced during drying, fixation and staining. The advantages of the electron diffraction technique, such as the abilities to observe small areas and thin specimens, to image and to screen impurities, to vary the camera length, and to reduce data collection time are fully utilized. Here we report our pioneering work in this area.

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Automated electron tomography: from data collection to image processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100136507 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 26-27

Author(s):

Weiping Liu ◽

Jennifer Fung ◽

W.J. de Ruijter ◽

Hans Chen ◽

John W. Sedat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Data Collection ◽

Structural Information ◽

Imaging Technique ◽

Electron Tomography ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Automated Data Collection ◽

Full Control ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Amorphous Structures

Electron tomography is a technique where many projections of an object are collected from the transmission electron microscope (TEM), and are then used to reconstruct the object in its entirety, allowing internal structure to be viewed. As vital as is the 3-D structural information and with no other 3-D imaging technique to compete in its resolution range, electron tomography of amorphous structures has been exercised only sporadically over the last ten years. Its general lack of popularity can be attributed to the tediousness of the entire process starting from the data collection, image processing for reconstruction, and extending to the 3-D image analysis. We have been investing effort to automate all aspects of electron tomography. Our systems of data collection and tomographic image processing will be briefly described.To date, we have developed a second generation automated data collection system based on an SGI workstation (Fig. 1) (The previous version used a micro VAX). The computer takes full control of the microscope operations with its graphical menu driven environment. This is made possible by the direct digital recording of images using the CCD camera.

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