Global Climate Disruption and Water Law Reform in the United States

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Dellapenna
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Water Law

scholarly journals Evaluating #MeToo: The Perspective of Criminal Law Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-846
Author(s):  
Tatjana Hörnle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Criminal Punishment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe article describes the #MeToo-movement in the United States and Germany and discusses the merits and problems of this social phenomenon. It highlights the fact that some features of #MeToo (blaming and sanctioning wrongdoers) resemble those of criminal punishment and thus require careful justification. In the final part, the author examines the impact of the #MeToo-movement on criminal law reform.

scholarly journals A prognostic pollen emissions model for climate models (PECM1.0)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Wozniak ◽  
Allison Steiner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Pollen Counts ◽  
Surface Pollen

Abstract. We develop a prognostic model of Pollen Emissions for Climate Models (PECM) for use within regional and global climate models to simulate pollen counts over the seasonal cycle based on geography, vegetation type and meteorological parameters. Using modern surface pollen count data, empirical relationships between prior-year annual average temperature and pollen season start dates and end dates are developed for deciduous broadleaf trees (Acer, Alnus, Betula, Fraxinus, Morus, Platanus, Populus, Quercus, Ulmus), evergreen needleleaf trees (Cupressaceae, Pinaceae), grasses (Poaceae; C3, C4), and ragweed (Ambrosia). This regression model explains as much as 57 % of the variance in pollen phenological dates, and it is used to create a climate-flexible phenology that can be used to study the response of wind-driven pollen emissions to climate change. The emissions model is evaluated in a regional climate model (RegCM4) over the continental United States by prescribing an emission potential from PECM and transporting pollen as aerosol tracers. We evaluate two different pollen emissions scenarios in the model: (1) using a taxa-specific land cover database, phenology and emission potential, and (2) a PFT-based land cover, phenology and emission potential. The resulting surface concentrations for both simulations are evaluated against observed surface pollen counts in five climatic subregions. Given prescribed pollen emissions, the RegCM4 simulates observed concentrations within an order of magnitude, although the performance of the simulations in any subregion is strongly related to the land cover representation and the number of observation sites used to create the empirical phenological relationship. The taxa-based model provides a better representation of the phenology of tree-based pollen counts than the PFT-based model, however we note that the PFT-based version provides a useful and climate-flexible emissions model for the general representation of the pollen phenology over the United States.

scholarly journals Assessing the influence of an extended hurricane season on inland flooding potential in the Southeast United States

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica H. Stone ◽  
Sagy Cohen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
River Basins ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southeast United States ◽  
Global Climate Warming ◽  
Hurricane Season ◽  
Near Future

Abstract. Recent tropical cyclones, like Hurricane Katrina, have been some of the worst the United States has experienced. Tropical cyclones are expected to intensify, bringing about 20 % more precipitation, in the near future in response to global climate warming. Further, global climate warming may extend the hurricane season. This study focuses on four major river basins (Neches, Pearl, Mobile, and Roanoke) in the Southeast United States that are frequently impacted by tropical cyclones. An analysis of the timing of tropical cyclones that impact these river basins found that most occur during the low discharge season, and thus rarely produce riverine flooding conditions. However, an extension of the current hurricane season of June–November, due to global climate warming, could encroach upon the high discharge seasons in these basins, increasing the susceptibility for riverine hurricane-induced flooding. This analysis shows that an extension of the hurricane season to May–December (just 2 months longer) increased the number of days that would be at risk to flooding were the average tropical cyclone to occur by 37–258 %, depending on the timing of the hurricane season in relation to the high discharge seasons on these rivers. Future research should aim to extend this analysis to all river basins in the United States that are impacted by tropical cyclones in order to provide a bigger picture of which areas are likely to experience the worst increases in flooding risk due to a probable extension of the hurricane season with expected global climate change in the near future.

14. Abortion

Medical Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 735-791
Author(s):  
Emily Jackson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Moral Legitimacy ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Selective Abortion ◽  
Sex Selective Abortion ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
Academic Debate

All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter examines the law on abortion, beginning with a survey of the ongoing debate over the moral legitimacy of abortion. It then examines the current legal position, and considers how the Abortion Act 1967, as amended, works in practice. It looks at recent controversies over sex-selective abortion and considers the prospects for law reform. Finally, the chapter looks briefly at the regulation of abortion in Northern Ireland, Ireland, and the United States.

The Contemporary US Energy System Overview Including A Comparison With China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Reduce Emissions

The discussion in chapter 2 addressed what might be described as a microview of the US energy economy— how we use energy as individuals, how we measure our personal consumption, and how we pay for it. We turn attention now to a more expansive perspective— the use of energy on a national scale, including a discussion of associated economic benefits and costs. We focus specifically on implications for emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2. If we are to take the issue of human- induced climate change seriously— and I do— we will be obliged to adjust our energy system markedly to reduce emissions of this gas, the most important agent for human- induced climate change. And we will need to do it sooner rather than later. This chapter will underscore the magnitude of the challenge we face if we are to successfully chart the course to a more sustainable climate- energy future. We turn later to strategies that might accelerate our progress toward this objective.We elected in this volume to focus on the present and potential future of the energy economy of the United States. It is important to recognize that the fate of the global climate system will depend not just on what happens in the United States but also to an increasing extent on what comes to pass in other large industrial economies. China surpassed the United States as the largest national emitter of CO2 in 2006. The United States and China together were responsible in 2012 for more than 42% of total global emissions. Add Russia, India, Japan, Germany, Canada, United Kingdom, South Korea, and Iran to the mix (the other members of the top 10 emitting countries ordered in terms of their relative contributions), and we can account for more than 60% of the global total. Given the importance of China to the global CO2 economy (more than 26% of the present global total and likely to increase significantly in the near term), I decided that it would be instructive to include here at least some discussion of the situation in China— to elaborate what the energy economies of China and the United States have in common, outlining at the same time the factors and challenges that set them apart.

scholarly journals The Rise of Covenant-lite Lending and Implications for the UK’s Corporate Insolvency Law Toolbox

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-680
Author(s):  
Sarah Paterson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Print Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Insolvency Law ◽  
Corporate Insolvency ◽  
Working Out

Abstract This article is, so far as the author is aware, the first to examine in detail the implications of the explosion of covenant-lite loans for English corporate insolvency law. Covenant-lite loans lack certain early warning mechanisms that have traditionally been found in loans to heavily indebted borrowers. Concerns about the implications of covenant-lite loans have been raised in the broadcast and print media, and by economists and central banks in England and the United States. This is an issue that matters to us all. This article argues that covenant-lite lending means that lenders and borrowers may start restructuring negotiations when the scale of the distress is acute, implicating operational and financial liabilities. It provides a detailed analysis of the additional corporate insolvency law tools which may be needed as a result, and explains why this analysis is relevant for the detailed working out of current corporate insolvency law reform proposals.

Law Reform in a Developing Country: A New Code of Obligations for Senegal

1964 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
E. Allan Farnsworth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Senegal has embarked upon a project to reform its private law. This fact, of itself, might not seem worthy of the attention of the legal profession in the United States, since Senegal is a country of only about 3,250,000 inhabitants, less than the population of the state of Alabama, covering only 76,000 square miles, less than the area of the state of Kansas, and having a total of exports and imports to the dollar zone of less than twelve million dollars in 1962. With twenty per cent of its population in its six largest cities of more than 30,000 inhabitants, it is the most urban, most literate, and most Europeanized of the francophonic countries of sub-Saharan Africa, but this alone would evoke little interest abroad in its attempts at law reform.

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