Related rights in uncommon places: the right of performers during spiritual traditional festivals in contemporary Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Ayoyemi Lawal-Arowolo ◽  
Dorcas A Odunaike
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Social Components ◽  
International Conventions

The birth and development of performers' rights was initially witnessed in the twentieth century. Domestic laws and international conventions were drafted and implemented in various countries and the international community. Nigeria has followed a similar trend in the development of performers' rights by providing provisions protecting these rights. Equally, Nigeria has signed and ratified international treaties providing for the protection of performers' rights. However, there are issues relating to performers' rights that have not been given consideration. A broader system of protecting traditional performances with spiritual and social components is required. Purely spiritual festivals such as the Oro festival is guided by custom which must not be disregarded as a means of protection. Only worshippers or devotees are allowed to be a part of the festival. Strangers and women are forbidden to see the procession and when or if they do, the consequences are grave. Conversely, the Eyo, Atilogwu, Tengra and Osun Oshogbo festivals are spiritual festivals with social components that are not rigidly protected by custom, neither are the performances considered for protection in related rights in Nigeria. Such performances are littered on the internet by those who attend the festivals from various parts of the world. While the extent to which performers are protected in the Copyright Act of Nigeria should be commended, more should be done.

Initiative Center for the Decolonization of Estonia

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
International Community ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
World War ◽  
Universal Human Rights ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Second World

In the twentieth century, and particularly under the influence of the Second World War, the international community, in the interests of normal relations, has considered it necessary to agree on certain fundamental principles, such as the observance of universal human rights, the right of nations to self-determination, the equality of the rights of big and small nations, impermissibility of aggression, and liberation from the yoke of colonialism. These principles are written in international conventions, the UN charter and several of its resolutions, and recognized by the majority of states.

Privacy Risk in E-Commerce

2009 ◽  
pp. 1188-1193
Author(s):  
Tziporah Stern
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Files ◽  
The Right

Privacy, or the right to hold information about oneself in secret (Masuda, 1979; O’Brien & Yasnof, 1999), has become increasingly important in the information society. With the rapid technological advances and the digitalization of information, retrieval of specific records is more rapid; personal information can be integrated into a number of different data files; and copying, transporting, collecting, storing, and processing large amounts of information is easier. Additionally, the advent of the World Wide Web and the fast-paced growth of the Internet have created further cause for concern. The vast amounts of digital information and the pervasiveness of the Internet facilitate new techniques for gathering information—for example, spyware, phishing, and cookies. Hence, personal information is much more vulnerable to being inappropriately used. This article outlines the importance of privacy in an e-commerce environment, the specific privacy concerns individuals may have, antecedents to these concerns, and potential remedies to quell them.

Digital Governance and Democratization in the Arab World

2011 ◽  
pp. 676-687
Author(s):  
Deborah L. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
The World ◽  
Building Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Free Flow Of Information ◽  
Flow Of Information

Making the choice to be an Internet society is not a process governed simply by a state’s attitudes towards computers and the data that flows between them. Rather, being an Internet society means fostering the wide embrace of perspectives modeled on the technology itself. The basic components of designing an Internet society include a commitment to the free flow of information across and among hierarchies; a belief that it is best not to privilege any single information node; a realization that censorship is difficult if not futile; and a commitment to the idea that communities, companies and individuals have the right to represent themselves within electronic landscapes. All of these information attitudes have spill over effects in the real world. While constructing an Internet society is also about building information infrastructure and teaching people to use new tools, it is the clear spill over effects linked with the technology’s design principles that have most developing countries proceeding with caution. For many countries around the world, especially (semi) authoritarian ones, no matter how strong the economic incentives for being an Internet society are, politically and socially, accepting such processes of change without selective state intervention is uncommon. Nowhere are these interventions more apparent than in the puzzling mosaic of Internet led development in the Arab World. This article entertains a series of questions regarding emerging Internet societies in the Arab World: 1. To what degree is the Internet spreading in the Arab World and what factors are most commonly driving (or inhibiting) these processes of technological change? 2. In what way is the Internet contributing to processes of political change in the region? And how is the authoritarian state intervening to regulate Internet use in an attempt to control the spill over effects of such use? 3. What might be the longer term impacts of emergent Internet cultures in the region?  

Official Tourism Web Sites and City Marketing

2011 ◽  
pp. 152-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Díaz-Luque
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
City Marketing ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Large cities are one of the most popular tourism destinations throughout the world. Business and leisure tourists visit these areas every year and before they travel there, they look for useful information on the Internet. This chapter analyses the tourism Web sites developed by Convention and Visitor Bureaus. These Web sites represent the official image of the city on the Internet and trough them tourism organizations can organize the marketing and mix strategy. The chapter studies the concept of a city as a tourism destination, the organizations that manage tourist activities, and the right marketing strategies to be developed on these official Web sites. The strategy begins with the market research to select the right marketing segments and it continues with the right actions from a marketing mix perspective. It means different options in terms of product-destination exhibition, price policies, commercialization, and communication actions.

scholarly journals Image of Ukraine in the World: Current Status, Prospects and Challenges

2019 ◽  
pp. 698-703
Author(s):  
Olena Yalova
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
International Community ◽  
Information Space ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Low Income Country ◽  
The World ◽  
International Image ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
The Right

The article focuses on the need to create an international image of Ukraine. The analysis of the world rankings shows that in the eyes of the international community we are a corrupt low-income country with a beseeching glance at the international community and a serious armed conflict with Russia, which results in the negative image of Ukraine. The country’s leadership does not regard the creation of a positive image of Ukraine as an extremely important task, therefore leading to the continued absence of a branding strategy. The author believes that it is necessary to determine the authority that will be responsible for the international image of the country and will help coordinate cooperation between all organizations, whether governmental or non-governmental. In Ukraine, it is necessary to overcome the bureaucratic red tape and narrow-mindedness. There is an urgent need for an elaborate strategy, in which all the mechanisms and tools to create the right image of the state should be involved. According to the author, access to the global information space looks promising. Ukraine should vigorously shape global media landscape and use the potential of its news agencies. Official state diplomacy should actively participate in the process of forming a positive international image of Ukraine. It is also necessary to thoroughly study and adopt foreign experience. Ukraine is the largest country in Europe, with rich cultural heritage, history and traditions. Currently, economic indicators are at a low level, but a prospect of their growth can attract foreign investment. The analysis of the image of Ukraine shows that the country is not consciously managing it. However, even minimal efforts can significantly improve the country’s position in the global perception. We have something to be proud of, we just need to start talking about it and bring it to the wider world audience. Keywords: international image, Ukraine, state diplomacy, information space, world ranking.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION RIGHT ON THE INTERNET

2019 ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
E.B. Arzymatova
Keyword(s):  
Copyright Law ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Distribution Right ◽  
The Right

Issues of “the right on publicity of the work” and “right to distribute” of works in the conditions of digitalization are examined in this article. Norms of international treaties in the sphere of copyright law on Internet. The analysis of national law of the Kyrgyz Republic. The issue of exhaustion of rights on the Internet are also examined.

Kierkegaard and the Internet

2011 ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Andrew Ward ◽  
Brian Prosser
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
The World ◽  
National Networks ◽  
The University ◽  
To Receive ◽  
University Of Idaho

In the last decade of the twentieth century, with the advent of computers networked through Internet Service Providers and the declining cost of such computers, the traditional topography of secondary and post-secondary education has begun to change. Where before students were required to travel to a geographically central location in order to receive instruction, this is often no longer the case. In this connection, Todd Oppenheimer writes in The Atlantic Monthly that one of the principal arguments used to justify increasing the presence of computer technology in educational settings is that “[W]ork with computers – particularly using the Internet – brings students valuable connections with teachers, other schools and students, and a wide network of professionals around the globe.”1 This shift from the traditional to the “virtual” classroom2 has been welcomed by many. As Gary Goettling writes, “[D]istance learning is offered by hundreds, if not thousands, of colleges and universities around the world, along with a rapidly growing number of corporate and private entities.”3 Goettling’s statement echoes an earlier claim by the University of Idaho School of Engineering that one of the advantages of using computers in distance education is that they “increase access. Local, regional, and national networks link resources and individuals, wherever they might be.”4

The Influence of Mid-Twentieth-Century Technologies on the Expansion of Jazz in China

Jazz in China ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Eugene Marlow
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
The World

This chapter discusses jazz in China in the second half of the twentieth century. During this period, jazz traveled to China in one of two ways (or both): (1) electronically by several means; and (2) by air, that is, by plane. All manner of electronic and filmic media—such as radio, television, movies, CDs, DVDs, satellites, teleconferencing, computers, and the Internet—and transcontinental modes of transportation such as the plane supplanted the steamship, the locomotive, the gramophone, and early movies as technologies influenced the growth of jazz in China. The characteristics of the above-mentioned technologies cannot be underestimated in terms of their cultural impact, not only on the spread of jazz globally, but also on the spread of information and knowledge generally around the world.

Cyber Criminals on the Internet Super Highways

2014 ◽  
pp. 198-216
Author(s):  
Edwin Agwu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Wide ◽  
International Community ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
Cyber Criminals

The internet has impacted the lives of individuals, organisations, and governments all over the world. However, it is now viewed and adopted with caution due mainly to the criminal tendencies of some misguided elements within the society. The internet technology has evolved to become a weapon of “mass robbery” in the hands of criminals. Fraudulent mails emanating from Africa, in general and Nigeria in particular have received world wide attentions. These and more have dented the image of the country home and abroad. This study presents the various ways in which the internet is used for criminal purposes within the Nigerian polity. It further examined the various crime related laws, their adequacies, and implications. Findings revealed the interplay of different methods through which vulnerable individuals and organisations are defrauded. The strategies proposed for addressing these crimes with a view to giving the country a clean bill of health in the international community are as well applicable to other developing countries. The findings also lay solid foundations for further research within different strands of crimes. It also concludes with recommendations for policy makers, businesses, and internet services providers with emphasis on the need for greater awareness creation.

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