scholarly journals A prototype radonmeter for seismic surveillance

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Quattrocchi ◽  
M. Calcara ◽  
B. Porfidia
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
External Noise ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Geochemical Monitoring ◽  
Input System ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Lucas Cell

A new 222Rn monitoring prototype has been designed, assembled and tested at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica (ING) specifically addressed to seismic surveillance tasks, exploiting environmental monitoring, etc. It operates with an a scintillation technique (photomultiplier + Lucas Cell) coupled with a water input system, that lets continuous dehumidified gas flow, stripped from groundwater under monitoring. Several laboratory tests have been carried out to check the stability and versatility of the system; moreover statistical tests have been accomplished on several data sets obtained with an 241Am radioactive standard source, to check stability of the photomultiplier. A customised water flow system has been developed to perform both the highest efficiency and lowest influence of external noise parameters. This new prototype is very cheap and will be integrated within the new multiparametric geochemical monitoring system GMS II, that is currently being developed at ING, specifically designed for geochemical surveillance of seismic events.

A modified Pinkerton-type helium gas-flow system for high-accuracy data collection at the X3 SUNY synchrotron beamline at NSLS

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Ribaud ◽  
Guang Wu ◽  
Yuegang Zhang ◽  
Philip Coppens
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Large Data Sets ◽  
Typical Result ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Synchrotron Light

As the combination of high-intensity synchrotron sources and area detectors allows collection of large data sets in a much shorter time span than previously possible, the use of open helium gas-flow systems is much facilitated. A flow system installed at the SUNY X3 synchrotron beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source has been used for collection of a number of large data sets at a temperature of ∼16 K. Instability problems encountered when using a helium cryostat for three-dimensional data collection are eliminated. Details of the equipment, its temperature calibration and a typical result are described.

The influence of the Stokes and Archimedes forces on the stability of a two-phase flow

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
B.H. Khudjuyerov ◽  
I.A. Chuliev
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Method ◽  
Stability Region ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Stability Characteristic ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The Stability

The problem of the stability of a two-phase flow is considered. The solution of the stability equations is performed by the spectral method using polynomials of Chebyshev. A decrease in the stability region gas flow with the addition of particles of the solid phase. The analysis influence on the stability characteristic of Stokes and Archimedes forces.

scholarly journals Evaluation of hydrogen gas flow system in DECY - 13 cyclotron

2021 ◽  
Vol 1825 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
F I Diah ◽  
Saminto ◽  
V A F Sari ◽  
K Wibowo ◽  
F S Permana
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Hydrogen Gas

An electron spin resonance study of the reactions of hydrogen atoms with halocarbons

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2192-2195 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Jones ◽  
Joseph L. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Esr Spectroscopy ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Electron Spin Resonance Study ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Vinyl Halides ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Spin Resonance Study

The absolute rate constants for the reaction of H atoms with methyl- and vinyl-halides have been determined using esr spectroscopy and a conventional gas flow system. The rate constants determined at 298 ± 2 K at a pressure of 0.55 Torr are methane, (1.7 ± 0.3) × 10−17; ethane, (2.3 ± 0.5) × 10−17; methylfluoride, (4 ± 3) × 10−15; methylchloride, (8 ± 2) × 10−16; methylbromide, (2.1 ± 0.6) × 10−14; vinylfluoride, (1.47 ± 0.02) × 10−13; vinylchloride, (1.66 ± 0.08) × 10−13; and vinylbromide (4.07 ± 0.73) × 10−13 in units of cm3 molecule−1 s−1.

scholarly journals Evaluating irrigated rice yields in Japan within the Climate Zonation Scheme of the Global Yield Gap Atlas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
S. Ishikawa ◽  
T. Nakashima ◽  
T. Iizumi ◽  
M. C. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Temperature Seasonality ◽  
Government Statistics

Abstract The Global Yield Gap Atlas (GYGA) is an international project that addresses global food production capacity in the form of yield gaps (Yg). The GYGA project is unique in employing its original Climate Zonation Scheme (CZS) composed of three indexed factors, i.e. Growing Degree Days (GDD) related to temperature, Aridity Index (AI) related to available water and Temperature Seasonality (TS) related to annual temperature range, creating 300 Climate Zones (CZs) theoretically across the globe. In the present study, the GYGA CZs were identified for Japan on a municipality basis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on irrigated rice yield data sets, equating to actual yields (Ya) in the GYGA context, from long-term government statistics. The ANOVA was conducted for the data sets over two decades between 1994 and 2016 by assigning the GDD score of 6 levels and the TS score of 2 levels as fixed factors. Significant interactions with respect to Ya were observed between GDD score and TS score for 13 years out of 21 years implying the existence of favourable combinations of the GDD score and the TS score for rice cultivation. The implication was also supported by the observation with Yg. The lower values of coefficient of variance obtained from the CZs characterized by medium GDD scores indicated the stability over time of rice yields in these areas. These findings suggest a possibility that the GYGA-CZS can be recognized as a tool suitable to identify favourable CZs for growing crops.

Belief Movement, Uncertainty Reduction, and Rational Updating*

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ned Augenblick ◽  
Matthew Rabin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Uncertainty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Market Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

Abstract When a Bayesian learns new information and changes her beliefs, she must on average become concomitantly more certain about the state of the world. Consequently, it is rare for a Bayesian to frequently shift beliefs substantially while remaining relatively uncertain, or, conversely, become very confident with relatively little belief movement. We formalize this intuition by developing specific measures of movement and uncertainty reduction given a Bayesian’s changing beliefs over time, showing that these measures are equal in expectation and creating consequent statistical tests for Bayesianess. We then show connections between these two core concepts and four common psychological biases, suggesting that the test might be particularly good at detecting these biases. We provide support for this conclusion by simulating the performance of our test and other martingale tests. Finally, we apply our test to data sets of individual, algorithmic, and market beliefs.

Surface wave attenuation of seismic records with the co-core trace transform filter

Geophysics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. V115-V128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wu ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Baojun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Surface Waves ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Wave Attenuation ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Transform Domain ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Seismic Records ◽  
Trace Transform

To remove surface waves from seismic records while preserving other seismic events of interest, we introduced a transform and a filter based on recent developments in image processing. The transform can be seen as a weighted Radon transform, in particular along linear trajectories. The weights in the transform are data dependent and designed to introduce large amplitude differences between surface waves and other events such that surface waves could be separated by a simple amplitude threshold. This is a key property of the filter and distinguishes this approach from others, such as conventional ones that use information on moveout ranges to apply a mask in the transform domain. Initial experiments with synthetic records and field data have demonstrated that, with the appropriate parameters, the proposed trace transform filter performs better both in terms of surface wave attenuation and reflected signal preservation than the conventional methods. Further experiments on larger data sets are needed to fully assess the method.

scholarly journals In-situ diffraction experiments at the Photon Factory MX beamlines

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C500-C500
Author(s):  
Yusuke Yamada ◽  
Naohiro Matsugaki ◽  
Masahiko Hiraki ◽  
Ryuichi Kato ◽  
Toshiya Senda
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Active Area ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Diffraction Experiment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photon Factory ◽  
Large Active Area ◽  
In Situ Diffraction

Crystallization trial is one of the most important but time-consuming steps in macromolecular crystallography. Once a crystal appears in a certain crystallization condition, the crystal is typically harvested from the crystallization drop, soaked into a cryoprotection buffer, flash-cooled with a liquid nitrogen or cold gas flow and finally evaluated its diffraction quality by an X-ray beam. During these long process, crystal may be damaged and the result from the diffraction experiment does not necessarily reflect a nature of the crystal. On in-situ diffraction experiment, where a crystal in a crystallization drop is directly irradiated to an X-ray beam, a diffraction image from a crystal without any external factors such as harvesting and cryoprotection and, as a result, a nature of crystal can be evaluated quickly. In the Photon Factory, a new table-top diffractometer for in-situ diffraction experiments has been developed. It consists of XYZ translation stages with a plate handler, on-axis viewing system with a large numeric aperture and a plate rack where ten crystallization plates can be placed. These components sit on a common plate and it is placed on the existing diffractometer table in the beamline endstation. The CCD detector with a large active area and a pixel array detector with a small active area are used for acquiring diffraction images from crystals. Dedicated control software and user interface were also developed. Since 2014, user operation of the new diffractometer was started and in-situ diffraction experiments were mainly performed for evaluations of crystallization plates from a large crystallization screening project in our facility. BL-17A [1], one of micro-focus beamlines at the Photon Factory, is planned to be upgraded in March 2015. With this upgrade, a new diffractometer, which has a capability to handle a crystallization plate, will be installed so that diffraction data sets from crystals in crystallization drop can be collected.

scholarly journals Organic aerosol source apportionment in London 2013 with ME-2: exploring the solution space with annual and seasonal analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 15545-15559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Reyes-Villegas ◽  
David C. Green ◽  
Max Priestman ◽  
Francesco Canonaco ◽  
Hugh Coe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Paul Scherrer

Abstract. The multilinear engine (ME-2) factorization tool is being widely used following the recent development of the Source Finder (SoFi) interface at the Paul Scherrer Institute. However, the success of this tool, when using the a value approach, largely depends on the inputs (i.e. target profiles) applied as well as the experience of the user. A strategy to explore the solution space is proposed, in which the solution that best describes the organic aerosol (OA) sources is determined according to the systematic application of predefined statistical tests. This includes trilinear regression, which proves to be a useful tool for comparing different ME-2 solutions. Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) measurements were carried out at the urban background site of North Kensington, London from March to December 2013, where for the first time the behaviour of OA sources and their possible environmental implications were studied using an ACSM. Five OA sources were identified: biomass burning OA (BBOA), hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), cooking OA (COA), semivolatile oxygenated OA (SVOOA) and low-volatility oxygenated OA (LVOOA). ME-2 analysis of the seasonal data sets (spring, summer and autumn) showed a higher variability in the OA sources that was not detected in the combined March–December data set; this variability was explored with the triangle plots f44 : f43 f44 : f60, in which a high variation of SVOOA relative to LVOOA was observed in the f44 : f43 analysis. Hence, it was possible to conclude that, when performing source apportionment to long-term measurements, important information may be lost and this analysis should be done to short periods of time, such as seasonally. Further analysis on the atmospheric implications of these OA sources was carried out, identifying evidence of the possible contribution of heavy-duty diesel vehicles to air pollution during weekdays compared to those fuelled by petrol.

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